Person: SAĞLAM, ŞAFAK
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SAĞLAM
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ŞAFAK
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Publication Metadata only A review of anti-reflection and self-cleaning coatings on photovoltaic panels(PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2020) EKREN, NAZMİ; Sarkin, Ali Samet; Ekren, Nazmi; Saglam, SafakThe production of electrical energy from solar energy through the photovoltaic method has become increasingly widespread throughout the world in the last 20 years. The photovoltaic energy system generates electricity depending on the amount of sunlight reaching the solar cell, and the amount of sunlight that reaches the solar cells in a solar panel decreases due to factors such as soil and organic dirt. At the same time, sunlight is refracted and reflected due to the reflective effect of the cover glass surface, even if the surface of the photovoltaic panel is clean. The remaining solar rays are broken and reach the solar cell. Decreasing sunlight also causes a decrease in electrical power output. Thus, to overcome these problems, photovoltaic solar cells and cover glass are coated with anti-reflective and self-cleaning coatings. As observed in this study, SiO2, MgF2, TiO2, Si3N4, and ZrO2 materials are widely used in anti-reflection coatings. Common methods used are sol-gel + spin-coating or + dipcoating, sputtering, DC or RF magnetron, and electrospun methods. Regarding self-cleaning applications, fabricating superhydrophobic surfaces stands out among other methods. In self-cleaning applications, Al2O3, TiO2, and Si3N4 are the most suitable materials; the double- and triple-layer coatings yield successful results in terms of surface adhesion and durability. In multi-layer anti-reflection coatings, the reflectance was reduced in studies in which materials with low and high reflection indexes were applied and light transmittance was increased.Publication Metadata only Investigation of light transmittance of coatings containing sio2 and tio2 nano-particle made by electrospinning technique(2022-04-07) EKREN, NAZMİ; SAĞLAM, ŞAFAK; SARKIN A. S., EKREN N., SAĞLAM Ş.The electrospinning technique is a coating method with controllable parameters. This study aims to make a coating that increases light transmission, reduces reflection, and has self-cleaning properties on laboratory slide glasses by the electrospinning method. Studies in the literature were investigated that had been used SiO2, TiO2, polymers for it. PLA and PMMA were used as polymers, SiO2 and TiO2 were used as nanoparticles, and Chloroform was used as the solvent. Solutions were prepared at different mixtures and ratios. The solutions were applied with different electrospinning parameters. The coatings were examined in terms of surface adhesion and surface distribution, and some were found to be successful. The light transmittance was the highest with 66.2% in solution-6 containing 1.6 g PLA and 0.05 g SiO2. In coatings containing SiO2 and TiO2, the light transmittance of solution-7 with 1.6 g PLA, 0.025 g SiO2, and 0.025 g TiO2 was 64.8%, and solution-10 with 2 g PLA and 0.05 g SiO2, and 0.05 g TiO2 had 64.4% light transmission.Publication Open Access A Hydrophobic antireflective and antidust coating with $\text{SiO}_2$ and $\text{TiO}_2$ nanoparticles using a new 3-D printing method for photovoltaic panels(2022-07-01) EKREN, NAZMİ; SAĞLAM, ŞAFAK; Ekren N., Sarkin A. S., Sağlam Ş.The main outdoor factors that reduce the efficiency of the photovoltaic (PV) panel are the reflection and refraction of light, dirt, dust, and organic waste accumulating on the panel surface. In this article, an antireflection, self-cleaning coating was applied on the PV panel cover glass with a new method. With the coating, the surface has been given a hydrophobic feature. As a coating method, a 3-D printer has not been seen in the literature and used as a new method. The electrospinning method has also been tried as an alternative method. Solutions in different combinations were developed using polylactic acid or polymethylmethacrylate polymer, chloroform ($\text{CHCl}_3$) as a solvent, and silicon dioxide ($\text{SiO}_2$) and titanium dioxide ($\text{TiO}_2$) nanoparticles as primary materials in a modified 3-D printer for bioprinting. Five PV panels were obtained by applying different 3-D parameters from three solutions, which have the best results. Coating thicknesses are in the range of 3.12-8.47 mu m. Coated and uncoated PV panels were tested in outdoor conditions for ten-day periods. The power outputs of the PV panels were measured, and their ten-day average efficiency was presented. According to the results, the highest efficiency increase is 8.7%. The highest light transmittance is 88.2% at 550 nm. In addition, hydrophobic properties were observed on all surfaces and the water contact angle was measured as 96.18 degrees.Publication Metadata only Controlling of grid connected photovoltaic lighting system with fuzzy logic(PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2010) ERDAL, HASAN; Saglam, Safak; Ekren, Nami; Erdal, HasanIn this study, DC electrical energy produced by photovoltaic panels is converted to AC electrical energy and an indoor area is illuminated using this energy. System is controlled by fuzzy logic algorithm controller designed with 16 rules. Energy is supplied from accumulator which is charged by photovoltaic panels if its energy would be sufficient otherwise it is supplied from grid. During the 1-week usage period at the semester time, 1.968 kWh energy is used from grid but designed system used 0.542 kWh energy from photovoltaic panels at the experiments. Energy saving is determined by calculations and measurements for one education year period (9 months) 70.848 kWh. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.