Person: SAĞLAM, ŞAFAK
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SAĞLAM
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ŞAFAK
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Publication Open Access Challenges during commissioning and operation in photovoltaic power plants by electrical faults(2023-05-01) SAĞLAM, ŞAFAK; ORAL, BÜLENT; Gökgöz M., SAĞLAM Ş., ORAL B.Problems such as increasing environmental pollution and global warming due to fossil fuels used in energy production have revealed the requirement for renewable energy sources. In addition to this situation, the decreasing fossil fuel reserves, and the need to diversify energy production resources to ensure energy supply security for countries have made the use of renewable energy sources a necessity. Therefore, demand for solar energy will continue to increase, considering the increasing renewable energy need. To increase energy efficiency, the uninterrupted production of photovoltaic power plants during production hours is important to reduce the consumption of fossil fuels. For this reason, situations and malfunctions that prevent uninterrupted operations should be detected. Fault classification contributes to the rapid identification of problems by providing fast diagnostics for possible faults. When the previous studies in this field are examined, there are publications about general faults in photovoltaic power plants and publications about electrical faults separately. However, there are limitations in academic studies that deal with the difficulties encountered in the commissioning and operation of photovoltaic power plants in detail and examine electrical faults. In this context, there is a need for relevant studies. In this study, the possible failures that may occur during the commissioning and operation of photovoltaic power plants will be categorized and this study is intended to be a resource for studies on this subject. It is aimed to create a resource for academic studies and to contribute to field applications to companies in the sector.Publication Open Access The importance of in-service training in restructuring sectors(ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2010) ORAL, BÜLENT; Oral, Bulent; Saglam, Safak; Uzunboylu, HReduction or abolishment operation of government's intervention to economy, accelerating since the beginning of 1980s, is adopted by many governments as governance policy. This policy, being widely used in manufacturing industry and service sector at the beginning, has been used subsequently in electricity, natural gas, water ... etc industry as natural monopoly. The employee needs to know position at institution organization, individual value and expectations. It is effective on the employee performance. In this context, the employees can take in-service education their institutions and regulatory authorities, which regulate and supervise the sectors. The in-service education plan is supported the program content and process by academic circles. In this study, it is emphasized process and content of scheduled in-service education program.Publication Open Access A Hydrophobic antireflective and antidust coating with $\text{SiO}_2$ and $\text{TiO}_2$ nanoparticles using a new 3-D printing method for photovoltaic panels(2022-07-01) EKREN, NAZMİ; SAĞLAM, ŞAFAK; Ekren N., Sarkin A. S., Sağlam Ş.The main outdoor factors that reduce the efficiency of the photovoltaic (PV) panel are the reflection and refraction of light, dirt, dust, and organic waste accumulating on the panel surface. In this article, an antireflection, self-cleaning coating was applied on the PV panel cover glass with a new method. With the coating, the surface has been given a hydrophobic feature. As a coating method, a 3-D printer has not been seen in the literature and used as a new method. The electrospinning method has also been tried as an alternative method. Solutions in different combinations were developed using polylactic acid or polymethylmethacrylate polymer, chloroform ($\text{CHCl}_3$) as a solvent, and silicon dioxide ($\text{SiO}_2$) and titanium dioxide ($\text{TiO}_2$) nanoparticles as primary materials in a modified 3-D printer for bioprinting. Five PV panels were obtained by applying different 3-D parameters from three solutions, which have the best results. Coating thicknesses are in the range of 3.12-8.47 mu m. Coated and uncoated PV panels were tested in outdoor conditions for ten-day periods. The power outputs of the PV panels were measured, and their ten-day average efficiency was presented. According to the results, the highest efficiency increase is 8.7%. The highest light transmittance is 88.2% at 550 nm. In addition, hydrophobic properties were observed on all surfaces and the water contact angle was measured as 96.18 degrees.Publication Open Access Transformation of technical education faculties in Turkey in the process of European Union: Faculty of applied sciences(ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2010) ORAL, BÜLENT; Saglam, Safak; Oral, Bulent; Uzunboylu, HCountries education systems unavoidably changes to adapt themselves to innovations because of developing technology and globalization. This perspective technical education faculty position is queried which are established with the aim of educate technical teachers for vocational high schools in Turkey. Faculty of applied sciences model can replace with the technical education faculty that has completed its mission. It is possible to educate engineers with the faculty of applied sciences who has qualified, keep up the technology and has the characteristics necessary for the working life. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Publication Open Access Investigation on efficiency of in-wheel BLDC motors for different winding structures(GAZI UNIV, FAC ENGINEERING ARCHITECTURE, 2019-06-21) SAĞLAM, ŞAFAK; Cabuk, Ali Sinan; Saglam, Safak; Ustun, OzgurElectric machine windings are the essential elements which affect machine performance and efficiency substantially. Two main criteria are considered during winding design: impact on performance and manufacturing costs. In this study, different winding structure combinations are investigated by implementing in an in-wheel motor structure. The motor is a surface mounted permanent magnet BLDC motor which is intended to use in light electric vehicles. According to the design data, the obtained optimum design is manufactured and tested. Accurately captured test results are compared to the calculated values. The direct drive in-wheel BLDC motor used in this study has the rated values of 2.5 kW output power, 900 min-1 shaft speed and 150 V terminal voltage. A Finite Element Method (FEM) based software is used for the design study, that is called ANSYS Electronics Desktop. Effects of different winding topologies are studied by keeping the motor structure and materials unchanged. The validation of the optimized design is realized by conducting the performance experiments. The study shows that the winding topology has a great importance especially for in-wheel motors.Publication Open Access Investigation of Failures during Commissioning and Operation in Photovoltaic Power Systems(2024-03-01) SAĞLAM, ŞAFAK; ORAL, BÜLENT; Gökgöz M., Sağlam Ş., Oral B.Considering global warming and environmental problems, the importance of renewable energy sources is increasing day by day. In particular, the effects of wind and solar power, which are variable renewable power sources, on the power system necessitate their evaluation in terms of the reliability of the power system. Photovoltaic panels, which enable the conversion of solar power into electrical power with semiconductors, have started to take an important place in global energy investments today. Photovoltaic power plants increase the demand for this energy source with continuous energy conversion depending on sunshine duration and radiation intensity. Among the renewable energy sources, the most easily utilized energy source, regardless of geographical conditions, is the sun. To prevent the energy production of PV power plants from being interrupted, it is necessary to address and analyze all kinds of faults that will affect power production in order to increase the reliability of the system. Academic studies in this field are generally grouped under two topics: classification of faults or modeling of electrical faults. Based on this, in this study, the problems that occur during the installation and operation of photovoltaic systems are classified, and the relevant faults are modeled and simulated in MATLAB Simulink version 23.2 (R2023b). Thus, a scientific approach to the problems of photovoltaic power plant operating conditions has been gained, which will be the basis for academic studies.Publication Open Access A review of short-term wind power generation forecasting methods in recent technological trends(2024-12-01) SAĞLAM, ŞAFAK; ORAL, BÜLENT; Arslan Tuncar E., Sağlam Ş., Oral B.Climate change and the escalating demand for energy are among the most pressing global challenges of our era. Renewable energy sources, such as wind energy, are considered a viable solution to these issues. However, the integration of renewable energy sources into electric power systems also presents operational challenges, particularly in terms of uncertainty. In order to mitigate this uncertainty, it is crucial to improve the accuracy of generation forecasting methods for wind energy. This review explores various wind power forecasting methods, categorizing them by factors such as time frame, and model structure. Special attention is given to short-term forecasting, crucial for the day-ahead electricity market. This study traces the evolution of wind power forecasting, from early statistical approaches to the integration of numerical weather prediction, machine learning, neural networks, and advanced techniques. Its aim is to provide valuable insights into wind power forecasting methods for stakeholders, including grid operators, traders, and wind farm operators. This review serves as a vital resource for researchers and industry professionals navigating the dynamic field of wind power forecasting, contributing to effective renewable energy resource management in a rapidly evolving energy sector.