Publication: Nöromimari arakesitinde mekânda yön bulma
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Date
2024
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Abstract
Tarih öncesi çağlardan beri yön bulma, insan yaşantısında hem bir zorunluluk hem de doğal bir eğilim olmuştur. Karmaşık yapılı çevreler, kullanıcıların yön bulma sırasında çeşitli zorluklar yaşamalarına ve endişe duymalarına yol açmaktadır. Yön bulma, mimari yapıların projelendirme aşamalarında bir tasarım kriteri olarak görülmemektedir. Dolayısı ile yönlendirme tasarımları genellikle emir komuta zincirine benzeyen yönlendirme levhaları gibi grafik unsurlar ile yapılmaktadır. Bu açıdan bakıldığında mekânın duyularla algılanması ve derinden deneyimlenmesinin mümkün olmadığı görülmektedir. Araştırmanın ilk kısmında, nörobilim, mimarlık ve nöromimari aracılığı ile insan beyninin yapısı, işlevleri ve yapılı çevrede yön bulma eğilimi arasındaki bağlantı açığa çıkarılmıştır. Daha sonra nöromimari ve yapılı çevrede yön bulma arasındaki ilişki incelenmiş ve bu kapsamda yürütülen bilimsel araştırmaların sonuçlarına yer verilmiştir. Böylece mimari yapılarda yön bulmanın nöromimari ilkeleri belirlenmiştir. Mevcut bilimsel veriler ışığında, birbirinden farklı işlevleri ve kullanıcı kimlikleri olan örnek yapılardaki yön bulma davranışları analiz edilmiştir. Neticede mekânda yön bulma, mimari tasarımların beyin-zihin-beden birlikteliğine eşlik etmesini gerektirmektedir. Bu amacı gerçekleştirmek isteyen tasarımcıların, insan beyninin yapısı, işleyişi ve yön bulma davranışları üzerindeki etkisi hakkında bilgi sahibi olmaları gerekmektedir. Mimarlık, nörobilim, çevre psikolojisi gibi disiplinlerin bir araya gelmesi ile ortaya çıkan nöromimari, beyin gelişimini teşvik eden ve insan sağlığını destekleyen zenginleştirici ortamlar sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaç çerçevesinde, insan beyni ve yapılı çevrede yön bulma arasındaki ilişkiye odaklanan bilimsel araştırma, mimari yapıların özelliklerinin yön bulma davranışı üzerindeki etkisini tespit etmektedir.
Since prehistoric times, navigation has been both an annual and a natural course in human life. Complex structured environments cause users to experience various difficulties and anxiety during navigation. Wayfinding is not seen as a design criterion during the project planning stages of architectural structures. Therefore, routing designs are generally made with graphic elements such as signs connecting to the order chain. From this perspective, it seems that it is not possible to perceive the space with the senses and experience it deeply. In the first part of the research, the connections between the structure of the human brain, its continuity and navigation features in the built environment were revealed through neuroscience, architecture and neuroarchitecture. Then, the relationship between neuroarchitecture and navigation in the environment was examined, and scientific research was conducted to expand this ability. Thus, neuroarchitectural lists of wayfinding in architectural structures were determined. Data in the existing data were analyzed for wayfinding in sample structures with different ranges and user IDs. As a result, orientation in space and the brain-mind-body unity of architectural designs should be increased. Designers who design this purpose program need to have knowledge about the structure of the human brain and its impact on navigation. Neuroarchitecture, which emerges from the combination of disciplines such as architecture, neuroscience and environmental psychology, aims to provide rich environments that encourage brain development and support the human system. Within the framework of this purpose, scientific research focusing on the distance between the human brain and wayfinding in the built environment determines the width of the change direction finding area of architectural structures.
Since prehistoric times, navigation has been both an annual and a natural course in human life. Complex structured environments cause users to experience various difficulties and anxiety during navigation. Wayfinding is not seen as a design criterion during the project planning stages of architectural structures. Therefore, routing designs are generally made with graphic elements such as signs connecting to the order chain. From this perspective, it seems that it is not possible to perceive the space with the senses and experience it deeply. In the first part of the research, the connections between the structure of the human brain, its continuity and navigation features in the built environment were revealed through neuroscience, architecture and neuroarchitecture. Then, the relationship between neuroarchitecture and navigation in the environment was examined, and scientific research was conducted to expand this ability. Thus, neuroarchitectural lists of wayfinding in architectural structures were determined. Data in the existing data were analyzed for wayfinding in sample structures with different ranges and user IDs. As a result, orientation in space and the brain-mind-body unity of architectural designs should be increased. Designers who design this purpose program need to have knowledge about the structure of the human brain and its impact on navigation. Neuroarchitecture, which emerges from the combination of disciplines such as architecture, neuroscience and environmental psychology, aims to provide rich environments that encourage brain development and support the human system. Within the framework of this purpose, scientific research focusing on the distance between the human brain and wayfinding in the built environment determines the width of the change direction finding area of architectural structures.
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Yön Bulma, Nöromimari, Mimarlık, Mekân, Nörobilim Wayfinding, Neuroarchitecture, Architecture, Space, Neuroscience