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KAZAN, DİLEK

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Author: SAYAR, AHMET ALP × Subject: OPTIMIZATION ×

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    Assessment of different carbon and salinity level on growth kinetics, lipid, and starch composition of Chlorella vulgaris SAG 211-12
    (TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2020) SAYAR, AHMET ALP; Kaplan, Ecem; Sayar, Nihat Alpagu; Kazan, Dilek; Sayar, Ahmet Alp
    The quality of microalgal biofuel depends on the fatty acid (FA) distribution. A high ratio of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) favors better biofuel characteristics. Palmitic acid (C16:0) and stearic acid (C18:0) are essential FAs for required biodiesel quality. In this study, combined effects of growth medium concentrations of NaCl, glucose and glycerol on cell composition and FA profile of the Chlorella vulgaris SAG 211-12 were investigated. A central composite design (CCD) based design of experiments (DoE) was used for experimental setup. According to experimental results, the maximum mass fraction for palmitic acid (C16:0), 40.67% of total fatty acids, was obtained in the medium supplemented with 0.9% (w/v) NaCl, 0.3% (w/v) glucose, and 0.3% (w/v) glycerol, whereas stearic acid (C18:0) percentage reached the highest value of 22.16% of total fatty acids in the presence of 2.5% NaCl, 0.6% glucose, and 0.6% glycerol. According to the same set of designed experiments, best starch content was found as 22.08% of dry cell weight in a medium containing 2.0% NaCl, 0.3% glucose, and 0.3% glycerol. C16:0 mass fraction as a function of three medium ingredient concentrations was modeled using a Kriging model. Optimum concentrations of NaCl, glucose and glycerol to reach maximum C16:0 fraction were predicted as 0.5, 1, and 1%, respectively.
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    Bioethanol Production From Turkish Hazelnut Husk Process Design and Economic Evaluation
    (SPRINGER, 2019) SAYAR, AHMET ALP; Sayar, Nihat Alpagu; Pinar, Orkun; Kazan, Dilek; Sayar, Ahmet Alp
    The main objective of the current study is to develop and assess the preliminary synthetic design steps of an innovative and unprecedented bioprocess plant converting Turkish hazelnut husk into lignocellulosic ethanol with an emphasis on economic evaluation. Valorization of this agricultural waste would provide a promising economic potential and long-term sustainability with acceptable environmental impact. Preliminary economic evaluations are performed on several scenarios where the effects of changing various process design and operational inputs such as designed plant capacity, evaporation unit operation efficiency, and biocatalyst and nitrogen source prices are simulated. The total capital investment for the base case scenario with an annual throughput of 180,000 metric tons (MT) hazelnut husk is just above USD 111million. The annual operational costs for this case amount to USD 61million. Assuming a sales price of USD 1.50 per kg of bioethanol (achieved via governmental subsidy and tax incentives) the return on investment of the project comes to 12.61% with a 8year payback period. An uncertainty analysis performed on the annual hazelnut husk availability and biocatalyst and nitrogen source price fluctuations establishes a basis for further design of the process taking into account the risk factors associated with the project. The case studies and the uncertainty analysis confirm the fact that production of second generation bioethanol from hazelnut husk in Turkey is a worthwhile endeavor with an economic potential especially with additional social and environmental advantages.