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TUĞTAŞ KARNABAT, ADİLE EVREN

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TUĞTAŞ KARNABAT

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ADİLE EVREN

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2011 - 20193
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Subject: ENERGY ×

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    Removal of heavy metals from leaching effluents of sewage sludge via supported liquid membranes
    (ELSEVIER, 2019) TUĞTAŞ KARNABAT, ADİLE EVREN; Yesil, H.; Tugtas, A. E.
    Heavy metal content of sewage sludge is one of the factors preventing its agricultural use. Leaching processes have been used to solubilize heavy metals and thus reduce metal content of the sludge through chemical or biological routes. Subsequent to leaching processes, metal removal from the supematant is attractive in terms of decreasing metal content of the effluent and recovering metals. This paper investigates application of supported liquid membrane (SLM) technology for metal removal from leaching effluents. SLM system was first optimized using synthetic metal mixtures. Optimized system was then used for the anaerobic bioleaching and chemical leaching effluents and metal removal efficiencies of 27.1 +/- 1.3% and 46.0 +/- 4.3% were obtained, respectively. Considering integrated leaching and membrane separation processes, metal removal efficiencies obtained in this study are valuable as it will decrease the metal content of sludge and increase the metal solubilization during leaching process. Future integration of metal leaching and removal technologies would make it possible to develop a sustainable system involving heavy metal removal from sewage sludge, land application of the sludge with a low metal content, and metal recovery. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Acidogenic fermentation of municipal solid waste and its application to bio-electricity production via microbial fuel cells (MFCs)
    (IWA PUBLISHING, 2011) TUĞTAŞ KARNABAT, ADİLE EVREN; Cavdar, P.; Yilmaz, E.; Tugtas, A. E.; Calli, B.
    Acidogenic fermentation of organic municipal solid waste (MSW) and the bio-electricity production potential from its volatile fatty acid (VFA)-rich leachate using an air-cathode microbial fuel cell (MFC) was investigated in this study. The acidogenic fermentation of 2 kg of MSW has been carried out in a 6 L anaerobic leach-bed reactor (LBR) under mesophilic conditions (30 degrees C). Total production of 92 g VFA expressed as chemical oxygen demand (COD) in 3 L leachate mainly containing acetic, propionic, butyric, and valeric acids has been achieved with manual leachate recirculation and without pH control in 74 days of incubation. Leachate collected on day 32 was used as a feed to an air-cathode MFC after being diluted and supplemented with NaCl or NaHCO3. The maximum power density in the diluted leachate was only 5.9 W/m(3), but reached up to 8.6 W/m(3) upon the addition of 7 mmol/L NaCl. Increase in coulombic efficiency from 6 to 22% was also observed as a result of NaCl supplementation. On the other hand, NaHCO3 addition did not improve the power output.
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    Continuous flow membrane-less air cathode microbial fuel cell with spunbonded olefin diffusion layer
    (ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2011) TUĞTAŞ KARNABAT, ADİLE EVREN; Tugtas, Adile Evren; Cavdar, Pelin; Calli, Baris
    The power production performance of a membrane-less air-cathode microbial fuel cell was evaluated for 53 days. Anode and cathode electrodes and the micro-fiber cloth separator were configured by sandwiching the separator between two electrodes. In addition, the air-facing side of the cathode was covered with a spunbonded olefin sheet instead of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) coating to control oxygen diffusion and water loss. The configuration resulted in a low resistance of about 4 Omega and a maximum power density of 750 mW/m(2). However, as a result of a gradual decrease in the cathode potential, maximum power density decreased to 280 mW/m(2). The declining power output was attributed to loss of platinum catalyst (8.26%) and biomass growth (38.44%) on the cathode. Coulombic efficiencies over 55% and no water leakage showed that the spunbonded olefin sheet covering the air-facing side of the cathode can be a cost-effective alternative to PITE coating. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.