Person: ÇALIK, KEVSER BURCU
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ÇALIK
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KEVSER BURCU
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Publication Open Access Timing and Length of Nocturnal Sleep and Daytime Napping and Associations With Obesity Types in High-, Middle-, and Low-Income Countries(AMER MEDICAL ASSOC, 2021-06-30) ÇALIK, KEVSER BURCU; Tse, Lap Ah; Wang, Chuangshi; Rangarajan, Sumathy; Liu, Zhiguang; Teo, Koon; Yusufali, Afzalhussein; Avezum, Alvaro; Wielgosz, Andreas; Rosengren, Annika; Kruger, Iolanthe M.; Chifamba, Jephat; Calik, K. Burcu Tumerdem; Yeates, Karen; Zatonska, Katarzyna; AlHabib, Khalid F.; Yusoff, Khalid; Kaur, Manmeet; Ismail, Noorhassim; Seron, Pamela; Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio; Poirier, Paul; Gupta, Rajeev; Khatib, Rasha; Kelishadi, Roya; Lear, Scott A.; Choudhury, Tarzia; Mohan, Viswanathan; Li, Wei; Yusuf, SalimIMPORTANCE Obesity is a growing public health threat leading to serious health consequences. Late bedtime and sleep loss are common in modern society, but their associations with specific obesity types are not well characterized. OBJECTIVE To assess whether sleep timing and napping behavior are associated with increased obesity, independent of nocturnal sleep length. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This large, multinational, population-based cross-sectional study used data of participants from 60 study centers in 26 countries with varying income levels as part of the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology study. Participants were aged 35 to 70 years and were mainly recruited during 2005 and 2009. Data analysis occurred from October 2020 through March 2021. EXPOSURES Sleep timing (ie, bedtime and wake-up time), nocturnal sleep duration, daytime napping. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcomes were prevalence of obesity, specified as general obesity, defined as body mass index (BMI; calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) of 30 or greater, and abdominal obesity, defined as waist circumference greater than 102 cmfor men or greater than 88 cm for women. Multilevel logistic regression models with random effects for study centerswere performed to calculate adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% CIs. RESULTS Overall, 136 652 participants (81 652 [59.8%] women; mean [SD] age, 51.0 [9.8] years) were included in analysis. A total of 27 195 participants (19.9%) had general obesity, and 37 024 participants (27.1%) had abdominal obesity. The mean (SD) nocturnal sleep duration was 7.8 (1.4) hours, and the median (interquartile range) midsleep time was 2:15 AM (1:30 AM-3:00 AM). A total of 19 660 participants (14.4%) had late bedtime behavior (ie, midnight or later). Compared with bedtime between 8 PM and 10 PM, late bedtime was associated with general obesity (AOR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.12-1.29) and abdominal obesity (AOR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.12-1.28), particularly among participants who went to bed between 2 AM and 6 AM (general obesity: AOR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.18-1.54; abdominal obesity: AOR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.21-1.58). Short nocturnal sleep of less than 6 hours was associated with general obesity (eg, <5 hours: AOR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.13-1.43), but longer napping was associated with higher abdominal obesity prevalence (eg, >= 1 hours: AOR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.31-1.47). Neither going to bed during the day (ie, before 8PM) nor wake-up time was associated with obesity. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This cross-sectional study found that late nocturnal bedtime and short nocturnal sleep were associated with increased risk of obesity prevalence, while longer daytime napping did not reduce the risk but was associated with higher risk of abdominal obesity. Strategic weight control programs should also encourage earlier bedtime and avoid short nocturnal sleep to mitigate obesity epidemic.Publication Open Access The Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study: PURE Turkey(TURKISH SOC CARDIOLOGY, 2018) ÇALIK, KEVSER BURCU; Oguz, Aytekin; Caklili, Ozge Telci; Calik, Burcu TumerdemObjective: The Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study is a prospective cohort study that collects data on social, environmental, and individual risk factors and chronic diseases among residents of 25 countries in the range of 35 to 70 years of age, living in rural and urban areas. The PURE study is directed by the Population Health Research Institute of McMaster University in Canada. In Turkey, the study is conducted by the Metabolic Syndrome Society. Methods: In Turkey, the study is being conducted in 8 cities. The initial fieldwork began in 2008. Questionnaires were completed, and anthropometric measurements, blood and urine samples, handgrip strength evaluations, electrocardiogram readings, and spirometer and body composition measurements were obtained. Each year, participants were followed up via telephone. Every third year, questionnaires, field measurements, and biological data sampling were repeated. Results: PURE Turkey has 4056 participants (female: 60.7%, male: 39.3%; mean age: 50 +/- 9.1 years). Among them, 43.9% had metabolic syndrome and 52.8% were obese. The prevalence of hypertension was 41.1% and proportion of controlled hypertension was 34%. A total of 2098 (51.7%) of the participants had a total cholesterol of >= 200 mg/dL or were using a lipid lowering agent. In patients with diabetes, 79.8% had low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels >= 100 mg/dL. Although a dramatic change was not observed in those parameters in the follow-up years, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus increased from 13.7% in 2008 to 21% in 2015. The baseline and follow-up data of the PURE study were analyzed with the other countries participating in the study and reported for international publication. Conclusion: The PURE study is a large, ongoing, prospective epidemiological study that is investigating the causes of the causes of noncommunicable diseases in the world. In addition to revealing the health status of nations, the study also has the potential to affect health politics.Publication Open Access Risk factors affecting the mental health of first-year university students on a health sciences campus and related factors(2022-11-01) EROL, SAİME; GÜR, KAMER; ÇALIK, KEVSER BURCU; UZUNER, ARZU; KARACA, SEMRA; APAYDIN KAYA, MEMNUNE ÇİĞDEM; EROL S., GÜR K., KARACA S., ÇALIK K. B. , UZUNER A., APAYDIN KAYA M. Ç.PurposeThe purpose of this study is to determine the mental health status and risk factors for the mental health of first-year university students on a health sciences campus. Design/methodology/approachThis is a descriptive study. The research was conducted with first-year students in the health sciences, dentistry and medical faculties of a state university (n = 770). The data were collected with a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Risk Behavior of Young Adults Survey, the Bergen Insomnia Scale, General Health Questionnaire-28 and the Mental Health Improvement Scale. Body mass index was calculated. FindingsAmong the students, 53.7% experienced feelings of hopelessness in the last year and 1% had attempted suicide. The percentage of students found to be at risk in terms of mental health was 41.9%; 39.4% reported that they suffered from insomnia. It was found that those who had been subjected to bullying, felt hopelessness, had suicidal thoughts, planned to commit suicide and students who experienced sleeping problems were more at risk in terms of psychological issues (p < 0.01). Insomnia (beta: 3.341) and smoking (beta: 2.226) were identified as the strongest risk factors for mental health in first-year health sciences students (p < 0.005). Practical implicationsThe results of the research offer an opportunity to get to know the characteristics of first-year university students who are at risk for mental health. It offers the opportunity to closely monitor and protect the mental health of students starting from the first grade. Originality/valueIn this study, it was determined that approximately half of the first-year university students were in the risk group in terms of mental health. Female gender, having a chronic illness, smoking a day or more in the past 30 days, not doing any physical activity, having a weak BMI, being bullied in the past 12 months, being cyberbullied in the past 12 months and having insomnia have been identified as risk factors that negatively affect mental health.Publication Open Access The household economic burden of non-communicable diseases in 18 countries(BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP, 2020-02) ÇALIK, KEVSER BURCU; Murphy, Adrianna; Palafox, Benjamin; Walli-Attaei, Marjan; Powell-Jackson, Timothy; Rangarajan, Sumathy; Alhabib, Khalid F.; Avezum, Alvaro Jr; Calik, Kevser Burcu Tumerdem; Chifamba, Jephat; Choudhury, Tarzia; Dagenais, Gilles; Dans, Antonio L.; Gupta, Rajeev; Iqbal, Romaina; Kaur, Manmeet; Kelishadi, Roya; Khatib, Rasha; Kruger, Iolanthe Marike; Kutty, Vellappillil Raman; Lear, Scott A.; Li, Wei; Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio; Mohan, Viswanathan; Mony, Prem K.; Orlandini, Andres; Rosengren, Annika; Rosnah, Ismail; Seron, Pamela; Teo, Koon; Tse, Lap Ah; Tsolekile, Lungiswa; Wang, Yang; Wielgosz, Andreas; Yan, Ruohua; Yeates, Karen E.; Yusoff, Khalid; Zatonska, Katarzyna; Hanson, Kara; Yusuf, Salim; Mckee, MartinBackground Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of death globally. In 2014, the United Nations committed to reducing premature mortality from NCDs, including by reducing the burden of healthcare costs. Since 2014, the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology (PURE) Study has been collecting health expenditure data from households with NCDs in 18 countries. Methods Using data from the PURE Study, we estimated risk of catastrophic health spending and impoverishment among households with at least one person with NCDs (cardiovascular disease, diabetes, kidney disease, cancer and respiratory diseases; n=17 435), with hypertension only (a leading risk factor for NCDs; n=11 831) or with neither (n=22 654) by country income group: high-income countries (Canada and Sweden), upper middle income countries (UMICs: Brazil, Chile, Malaysia, Poland, South Africa and Turkey), lower middle income countries (LMICs: the Philippines, Colombia, India, Iran and the Occupied Palestinian Territory) and low-income countries (LICs: Bangladesh, Pakistan, Zimbabwe and Tanzania) and China. Results The prevalence of catastrophic spending and impoverishment is highest among households with NCDs in LMICs and China. After adjusting for covariates that might drive health expenditure, the absolute risk of catastrophic spending is higher in households with NCDs compared with no NCDs in LMICs (risk difference=1.71%; 95% CI 0.75 to 2.67), UMICs (0.82%; 95% CI 0.37 to 1.27) and China (7.52%; 95% CI 5.88 to 9.16). A similar pattern is observed in UMICs and China for impoverishment. A high proportion of those with NCDs in LICs, especially women (38.7% compared with 12.6% in men), reported not taking medication due to costs. Conclusions Our findings show that financial protection from healthcare costs for people with NCDs is inadequate, particularly in LMICs and China. While the burden of NCD care may appear greatest in LMICs and China, the burdenPublication Open Access Health behavior and health needs of first-year medical and health sciences students(2023-01-01) GÜR, KAMER; EROL, SAİME; ÇİFÇİLİ, SALİHA SERAP; ÇALIK, KEVSER BURCU; YILDIZ ÖZER, AYSEL; DEMİRBÜKEN, İLKŞAN; POLAT, MİNE GÜLDEN; APAYDIN KAYA, MEMNUNE ÇİĞDEM; GÜR K., EROL S., GÜNEŞ F. E., ÇİFÇİLİ S. S., ÇALIK K. B., YILDIZ ÖZER A., DEMİRBÜKEN İ., POLAT M. G., APAYDIN KAYA M. Ç.ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the health behavior and health needs of medical and health sciences students in order to identify areas that need intervention. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted with 770 first-year university students. The data were collected with a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Youth Risk Behavior Survey and the Eating Attitudes Test. Body mass index was calculated. Results: Although, only 12.7% of the students were overweight or obese, 25.6% of the students perceived themselves to be overweight or obese. The students said that in the last week, 20.9% had breakfast 1 or 3 times, 5.7% ate no fruits at all, and 11.6% ate no vegetables at all. 48.1% of the students did not engage in any physical activity, and 83.2% spent more than 2 hours inactively in front of a screen. It was observed that 22.3% were current smokers. A propensity for eating behaviors disorder was found in 9.0%. Drinking energyboosting sports drinks 1-6 times in the last week (β: 3.286), smoking (β: 1.875) and eating few vegetable dishes in the last week (β: 0.484) were identified as factors that could be associated with a “tendency for eating behavior disorder.” Conclusion: We can conclude that nutritional issues, negative body weight perception, use of tobacco, and sedentary lifestyle are the main intervention and counselling areas for our study group.Publication Open Access Bir Grup Yetişkinde Çocukluk Dönemi Örselenme Yaşantılarının Çeşitli Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi(2021-06-01) KALI SOYER, MAKBULE; ÇALIK, KEVSER BURCU; Kalı Soyer M., Şenol A., Çalık Tümerdem K. B.Bu araştırmanın amacı, yetişkin bireylerin çocukluk çağı ihmal ve istismara maruz kalma sıklığını ve bu bireylerde görülen duygusal ve davranışsal problemleri incelemektir. Araştırma, nicel araştırma desenlerinden tarama modeli kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Katılımcılar uygun örnekleme tekniğiyle ulaşılmış 618 yetişkinden oluşmuştur; katılımcıların %76.2’si kadın, %23.8’i erkek ve % 34.1’i evli ve yaş ortalaması 28.37±8,04’dır. Verilerin toplanmasında araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilmiş olan Kişisel bilgi formu ve Çocukluk Çağı Örselenme Ölçeği veri toplama aracı olarak kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, katılımcıların %90.8’inin fiziksel, %88.8’inin duygusal ve %17.7’sinin cinsel istismara farklı derecelerde maruz bırakıldıkları, erkek katılımcıların kadın katılımcılardan anlamlı bir şekilde daha fazla fiziksel ihmal/istismara maruz bırakıldıkları bulgulanmıştır. Cinsel istismar açısından ise cinsiyete dayalı bir fark gözlenmemiştir. Bulgular, eğitim düzeyinin düşük olmasının daha yüksek çocukluk çağı örselenmeleriyle ilişkili olduğunu işaret etmektedir. Duygusal ihmal ve istismar ile fiziksel istismar boyutlarında eğitim düzeyine yönelik istatistiksel farklar belirmektedir. Benzer şekilde, sosyo-ekonomik gelir düzeyi düşük olan grubun daha fazla çocukluk çağı istismarı yaşadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Çalışmada, psikolojik destek alma geçmişi olanlar diğerlerine göre istatistiksel olarak daha yüksek örselenme ve istismar yaşantısına maruz bırakılmıştır. Düzenli ilaç kullanan ve süreğen hastalığı bulunan bireylerin çocukluk istismar yaşantıları daha fazladır. Son olarak bir veya birden fazla bağımlılık yapıcı madde kullanan bireyler, çocukluk örselenmeleri ve diğer üç alt boyuttaki istismar yaşama açısından risk grubunda olduğu bulgulanmış ve sonuçlar literatür temelinde tartışılmıştır. Ulaşılan bu bulgular konunun önemini göstermekte olup nitel çalışmalarla konunun irdelenmesi önemli görülmektedir. Anahtar Kelimeler: çocukluk travması, istismar, ihmal, yetişkin, kötü muamele