Person: ÇAM, MUHAMMET EMİN
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ÇAM
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MUHAMMET EMİN
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Publication Open Access Camellia Sinensis Leaves Hydroalcoholic Extract Improves the Alzheimer's Disease-Like Alterations Induced by Type 2 Diabetes in Rats(MARMARA UNIV, INST HEALTH SCIENCES, 2020-06-29) ÇAM, MUHAMMET EMİN; Cam, Muhammet Emin; Taskin, TurgutObjective: Novel investigations have confirmed that hyperglycemia is strictly associated with the development of cognitive impairment and dementia. Sodium-dependent glucose transporter (SGLT) inhibitors, which are oral antidiabetic drugs, are currently being investigated as the medication in Alzheimer's disease (AD). In our study, Camellia sinensis (green tea), which inhibits sodium-dependent glucose transporter-1 (SGLT-1), was used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-induced AD-like alterations via its antidiabetic effects. Methods: High-fat diet/streptozotocin-treated rat model was chosen to provide T2DM-induced AD-like alterations. Antidiabetic effects were evaluated with the measurement of blood glucose level (BGL), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and insulin tolerance test (ITT). On the other hand, novel object recognition test (NORT), open field test (OFT), passive avoidance test (PAT), and Morris's water maze (MWM) test were performed to investigate the anti-Alzheimer's effects of C. Sinensis. Results: C. sinensis tolerated BGL for a short time but metformin, the first medication prescribed for T2DM, tolerated BGL during the test for 120 min. C. sinensis increased the number of square crosses and the frequency of grooming activity in a similar manner to metformin in OFT. C. sinensis treatment improved exploratory behavior and memory retention components in NORT. The step-through latency decreased in HFD/STZ-treated rat model but it improved with metformin and C. sinensis treatment in PAT. According to the results obtained by the MWM test, C. sinensis treatment slightly improved learning. Conclusion: C. sinensis improved short-term memory and increased the locomotor activity in rats according to the results obtained by NORT, OFT, and PA.Publication Open Access The in vitro and in vivo investigation of biological activities and phenolic analysis of Helichrysum plicatum subsp. plicatum(UNIV SAO PAULO, CONJUNTO QUIMICAS, 2020) ŞENKARDEŞ, İSMAİL; Taskin, Turgut; Gezmis, Tugba; Cam, Muhammet Emin; Taskin, Duygu; Celik, Berna Ozbek; Senkardes, Ismail; Suzgec-Selcuk, SevdaIn Turkey, Helichrysum genus is represented by 26 taxa belonging to 20 species in Turkish flora of which 14 ones arc endemic to Turkey. The aerial parts of Helichrysum plicatum subsp. plicatum are used kidney stones, kidney and stomach ailments. The extraction procedures and solvents are important step in processing of bioactive constituents from the plant materials. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-urease, anticholinesterase and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities of Helichrysum plicatum subsp. plicatum different extracts. In addition, the phenolic characterization of the Soxhlet and maceration methanol extracts which showed significant antioxidant, anti-urease, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatmy and anticholinesterase activities were performed by HPLC-DAD and LC-MS/MS. In the present study, the Soxhlet methanol extract exhibited strong antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticholinestemse activities than other extracts. The maceration methanol extract showed the strongest anti-urease activity. The Soxhlet methanol and maceration methanol extracts showed in vivo anti-inflammatory activities very close to each other. As a result of this study, chlorogenic acid, dicaffeoylquinic acid, luteolin, luteolin-7-O-glucoside, naringenin-O-hexoside and isoquercitrin compounds were analysed in plant. Therefore, it is thought that methanol extracts can be used as a natural source in the future for food and pharmaceutical industries.Publication Open Access Antidiabetic effects of Salvia triloba and Thymus praecox subsp. skorpilii var. skorpilii in a rat model of streptozotocin/nicotinamide-induced diabetes(MARMARA UNIV, FAC PHARMACY, 2017-10-03) ERTAŞ, BÜŞRA; Cam, Muhammet Emin; Yildiz, Sila; Ertas, Busra; Acar, Ayse Eda; Taskin, Turgut; Kabasakal, LeventSome Salvia and Thymus species of Lamiaceae family come into prominence with strong antidiabetic effects. Compared to the other species, there are limited studies on antidiabetic activity of Salvia triloba (ST) and Thymus praecox subsp. skorpilii var. skorpilii (TPS). The aim of this study was to adjust the dosage and to determine the antidiabetic effects of methanol extracts of ST and TPS in streptozotocin/nicotinamide-induced diabetic rats. Type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was induced by a single intraperitoneal (i. p.) injection of streptozotocin (STZ) dissolved in 0.1 M cold citrate buffer (pH 4.5) at a dose of 55 mg/kg/body weight (b.w.) and nicotinamide (100 mg/kg/b.w.) was given prior to STZ injection. For adjusting dosage, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was used while insulin tolerance test (ITT), OGTT, blood glucose levels and animal weights were used to evaluate the antidiabetic effects of ST and TPS. According to the OGTT, the most effective doses for ST and TPS were 200 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg, respectively. At the end of three weeks, blood glucose levels of control goup reached to 462.50 mg/dl, whereas ST and TPS-treated groups blood glucose levels decreased less than 200.00 mg/dl. In conclusion, the present study suggests that both of ST and TPS methanolic extracts may be of therapeutic benefit in diabetes and thus need to further studies.Publication Open Access In vitro anti-urease, antioxidant, anticholinesterase, cytotoxic and in vivo anti-inflammatory potential of Satureja cuneifolia Ten.(2020-06-29) ŞENKARDEŞ, İSMAİL; Taskin, Turgut; Dogan, Murat; Cam, Muhammet E.; Sahin, Talip; Senkardes, IsmailSatureja cuneifolia Ten. (wild savoury) belongs to the Lamiaceae family and is used to produce essential oil and aromatic water. This plant is also used as a condiment and herbal tea due to its stimulating, tonic and carminative effects. The in vitro antioxidant, anti-urease, anticholinesterase and cytotoxic activities of the different extracts from the plant’s aerial parts were examined. Besides, the in vivo anti-inflammatory activities of the fraction and direct methanol extracts were determined comparatively. In the current study, fraction methanol extract exhibited the strongest ABTS (52.34 mM trolox/mg extract) radical scavenging and ferric reduction (17.22 mM Fe2+/mg extract) activity. It was also found that the fraction methanol extract had stronger anti-urease (12.52%) and anticholinesterase (69.02%) activity than other extracts. The XTT results showed that fraction methanol extract had the most cytotoxic activity on MCF-7 cell lines (39.92%). According to the results of in vivo anti-inflammatory activity, it was found that both fraction and direct methanol extracts exhibited close and significant anti-inflammatory activity. The fact that methanol extracts have significant biological activity suggests that these may be used as a natural source in the future.Publication Open Access Phenolic compounds, biological activities and trace elements of Capparis ovata var. canescens(2020-03-19) EMRE, GİZEM; Taşkın, Turgut; Taşkın, Duygu; Çam, Muhammet Emin; Bulut, GizemIntroduction: Capparis species (Capparaceae), also called caper, grow naturally in various regions of the world. Caper is a plant with medicinal and aromatic properties. Flower buds, root bark, and fruits of the plant are used in folk medicine due to their analgesic, wound healing, cell regeneration, tonic, and diuretic effects. Objective: The aim of this research was to evaluate in vitro (anti-urease, antioxidant, anticholinesterase) and in vivo (anti-inflammatory) biological activities of caper (C. ovata var. canescens). In addition, we aimed to identify its major phenolic compounds using high performance liquid chromatography with a photodiode array detector (HPLC-DAD) and confirmate them using quadrupole time-of-flight liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (Q-TOF-LC/MS). Also, we quantified the concentrations of several trace and major elements in plant samples using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Methods: The antioxidant, anti-urease and anticholinesterase activities of different plant extracts were evaluated using DPPH, FRAP, ABTS/TEAC, Indophenol and Ellman tests. The identification of phenolic compounds and trace element contents was performed using HPLC and Q-TOF-LC/MS and ICP-MS. Results: Soxhlet methanol extract exhibited the strongest anti-urease, antioxidant (ABTS/TEAC) and anticholinesterase activity. Soxhlet and maceration methanol extracts demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory effect in the altered edema size after the second hour of carrageenan injection. The active phenolic compounds in Soxhlet methanol extract were identified as rutin, quercetin-hexoside-hexoside, quercetin-3-O-hexoside and kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside. In addition, the average concentrations of vanadium, chromium, manganese, cobalt, copper, nickel, arsenic, selenium, zinc and lead were within the permissible limits defined by WHO for medicinal plants. However, it was found that the concentrations of cadmium and iron were higher than the maximum permissible limits. Conclusion: Our results suggest that although caper has a strong biological activity, it should be consumed carefully due to the excess amount of cadmium and iron elements it contains.Publication Open Access Rosa canina L. improves learning and memory-associated cognitive impairment by regulating glucose levels and reducing hippocampal insulin resistance in high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats(2023-09-15) ERTAŞ, BÜŞRA; YAVUZ, AYŞE NUR; TAŞKIN, TURGUT; ÇAM, MUHAMMET EMİN; ERTAŞ B., YAVUZ A. N., Topal F., Keles-Kaya R., Karakus Ö., Ozcan G. S., TAŞKIN T., ÇAM M. E.Ethnopharmacological relevance: Recent studies claim that Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and Alzheimer\"s disease (AD) overlap in several common pathological pathways which from neuronal damage to impaired memory performance. It is known that the use of Rosa canina L. (R. canina) as medicine in folk medicine dates back to ancient times and is used in the treatment of nervous diseases in Persian medicine. However, the effect of R. canina on diabetes-related cognitive decline and memory impairment has not yet been studied. Aim of the study: We evaluated the impact of T2DM on AD-like alterations and examined the molecular mechanism of a possible effect of R. canina on cognitive alterations in diabetic rats. Materials&methods: R. canina ethanol extract was obtained by maceration method. This study was performed with male Sprague-Dawley rats fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks, low-dose streptozotocin (STZ; 35 mg/kg IP) injection for 4 weeks, and R. canina (250 mg/kg; per oral) and metformin (400 mg/kg; per oral) administration for 4 weeks. The weight and blood glucose of rats were measured weekly. To evaluate glucose tolerance area under the curve (AUC) was calculated by performing an oral glucose tolerance test. Then the rats were subjected to behavioural tests, and their hippocampus and cortex tissues were obtained for biochemical and morphological analyses. Results: R. canina could manage glucose responsiveness by reducing post-prandial blood glucose levels, preventing weight loss, and raising serum insulin levels in T2DM-induced rats. Behavioural tests showed that R. canina significantly improves diabetes-related cognitive decline in recall and long-term memory. Treatment with R. canina significantly reversed HFD/STZ-induced increases in insulin, amyloid-β, amyloid precursor protein levels, and acetylcholinesterase activity in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Furthermore, histological analyzes revealed the protection of R. canina against neuronal disruption in the cortical and hippocampal CA3 region caused by chronic hyperglycemia. Conclusion: Analyzed collectively, these results suggest that R. canina can correct T2DM-related cognitive decline may be attributed to insulin pathway modulation, prevention of amyloid deposition, and increased cholinergic transmission.