Person: AKVARDAR, YILDIZ
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AKVARDAR
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YILDIZ
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Publication Open Access Domestic Violence Among Women Attending to Psychiatric Outpatient Clinic(AVES, 2018-03-19) YORGUNER, NEŞE; Kurt, Emel; Yorguner Kupeli, Nese; Sonmez, Ekin; Bulut, Necati Serkut; Akvardar, YildizObjective: Domestic violence (DV) is defined as all kinds of abusive behaviors between spouses or relatives living in the same house. Domestic violence is most commonly directed towards women and children. This study aims to review the extent of domestic violence among women consulting to psychiatric outpatient clinic, and to identify its relation with sociodemographic risk factors and psychological symptoms. Method: Self-reported Domestic Violence Questionnaire and Symptom Checklist-90-R (SCL-90-R) information was collected from women who admitted to psychiatric outpatient clinic at Marmara University Research and Educational Hospital, and accepted to participate in the study. Results: 300 women participated in the study. Mean age of participants was 36.24 +/- 10.88, 75.7% of them were married, and mostly live within nuclear families. 70.1% of the participants reported verbal violence, and 49.0% reported physical violence. 65.3% of those who have experienced verbal violence have also experienced physical violence. 26.1% of them reported as not having experienced domestic violence before. The nature and extent of domestic violence, women's attitudes towards it, and its relation with experience of domestic violence during childhood have been explored. Participants' educational levels, current age and age of marriage, style of marriage, educational level and age of spouse were not found to be associated with experiencing of domestic violence. Both verbal and physical domestic violence were significantly associated with the economic status of women (p<0.05). The mean SCL-90-R score was 1.40 +/- 0.68 with the highest mean subgroup score under depressive symptoms category (1.80 +/- 0.79). Mean SCL-90-R score showed significant association with the experience of domestic violence (p <= 0.001). Conclusion: Most of the women participated in the study have experienced domestic violence. Both verbal and physical violence increased with lower economic status. Psychiatric symptoms increased with the experience of domestic violence. Considering its high prevalence and detrimental psychological effects, domestic violence should be inquired by clinicians as part of the psychiatric interview.Publication Open Access Personal and perceived peer use and attitudes towards the use of nonmedical prescription stimulants to improve academic performance among university students in seven European countries(ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD, 2016-11) AKVARDAR, YILDIZ; Helmer, S. M.; Pischke, C. R.; Van Hal, G.; Vriesacker, B.; Dempsey, R. C.; Akvardar, Y.; Guillen-Grima, F.; Salonna, F.; Stock, C.; Zeeb, H.Background: Overestimations of non-prescribed stimulant use of peers are well documented in the USA and have also been identified as predictive of personal stimulant consumption. This study aimed to examine whether overestimations of peer use and approval of the use are associated with personal use and attitude towards the use of non-prescribed stimulants among European university students. Method: The EU funded 'Social Norms Intervention for the prevention of Polydrug usE (SNIPE)' study was conducted in seven European countries. In a web-based questionnaire, 4482 students were asked about their personal use and their attitude towards non-prescribed stimulant use, as well as the perceived peer use and peer attitude. Results: 59% of students thought that the majority of their peers used non-prescribed stimulants more frequently than themselves, and only 4% thought that the use of the majority was lower than their personal use. The perception that the majority of peers had used non-prescribed stimulants at least once was significantly associated with higher odds for personal use of non-prescribed stimulants (OR: 3.30, 95% CI: 2.32-4.71). In addition, the perception that the majority of peers approved of the non-prescribed use of stimulants was associated with a 4.03 (95% CI: 3.35-4.84) times higher likelihood for personal approval. Discussion: European university students generally perceived the non-prescribed use of stimulants of peers to be higher than their personal use. This perception, as well as a perception of higher approval in the peer group, was associated with a higher likelihood of personal non-prescribed stimulant medication use and approval. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.Publication Open Access Social norms regarding alcohol use and associated factors among university students in Turkey(UNIV SAO PAULO, INST PSIQUIATRIA, 2019-04) YÜCE, HÜSEYİN; Gunduz, Anil; Sakarya, Bel; Sonmez, Ekin; Celebi, Cengiz; Yuce, Hoseyin; Akvardar, YildizBackground: Misperceptions on the higher rates of peer alcohol use are predictive of increased personal use among university students. Objectives: This study aims to assess the prevalence, perceived peers' social norms and other predictors of alcohol use in a sample of Turkish university students. Methods: This study is established upon the baseline Turkish data on alcohol use of the project Social Norms Intervention for the prevention of Polydrug usE (SNIPE). The data was obtained by a self-reported, online questionnaire from 858 students of Marmara University who were registered to the study web page. Results: Alcohol use and drunkenness rates were 62.6%, and 40.9%, respectively. Twenty point two percent of students reported drinking alcohol at least once a week in the last two months. Majority of students (70.4%) reported that religion has an important or very important role in their lives. Perceived higher frequency of peer alcohol use (p<0.000) and drunkenness (p<0.000) were significantly associated with personal alcohol use frequency. Tobacco use rate was 60.2% and positively associated with alcohol use frequency (p<0.000). In all participants, male gender (OR: 1.56; 95% CI: 1.07-2.28), giving less importance to religion (OR: 20.91; 95% CI: 10.95-39.95), tobacco use everyday/almost everyday (OR: 17.88; 95% CI: 9.33-34.29), perceived positive peer attitude towards alcohol use (OR: 2.192; 95% CI: 1.25-3.82) and perceived higher frequency of peer alcohol use (OR: 3.487; 95% CI: 1.66-7.31) were found to be associated risk factors for alcohol use. Age (OR: 1.186, CI 95%: 1.03-1.36) and perceived positive peer attitude towards alcohol use (OR 3.86, CI 95%: 1.84-8.09) were the additional risk factors among female student whereas perceived positive peer alcohol use frequency (OR: 8.08, CI 95%: 2.40-27.10) among male students. Discussion: As the first study conducted in Turkey applying social norms theory, our results indicate the noticeable misperceptions of students regarding their peers' alcohol use. Based on our results, targeting both tobacco and alcohol use, and a gender-sensitive approach employing social norms interventions may enhance the preventive strategies for risky alcohol use among university students.Publication Open Access The Relationship of Food Addiction With Other Eating Pathologies and Impulsivity: A Case-Control Study(FRONTIERS MEDIA SA, 2021-11-26) AKVARDAR, YILDIZ; Guengoer, Ekin Soenmez; Celebi, Cengiz; Akvardar, YildizThe concept of food addiction (FA) has become central in recent years in understanding the psychological etiology of obesity. In this matched case-control study from Turkey, it was aimed to examine the prevalence of FA and related risk factors in four consecutive body mass index (BMI) categories. The case group consisted of pre-operative bariatric surgery patients with BMI over 35.0 kg/m(2) (n = 40) and the control group was composed of age- and gender- matching individuals from the other categories, namely obese (n = 35), overweight (n = 40), and normal weight (n = 40). The Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS) and a standardized clinical interview using the DSM-5 substance use disorders criteria adopted for FA, the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDEQ) and the Barratt Impulsivity Scale (BIS-11) were used as assessment instruments. It was found that FA was significantly associated with more serious eating pathologies, more frequent weight-cycling and earlier onset of dieting, higher impulsivity, and higher BMI. Motor and total impulsivity scores showed a positive albeit week correlation with the severity of FA but no significant correlation with BMI, indicating a relationship between impulsivity and weight gain in some but not all individuals. The severity of FA predicted the increase in BMI. Our findings suggest that FA is associated with weight gain in a group of individuals, plausibly through impulsive overeating. Emphasis on FA and its clinical implications such as addiction-based treatments may improve outcomes in obesity and facilitate health promotion.Publication Metadata only Intimate partner violence during the COVID-19 pandemic: An online survey(2023-01-01) AKVARDAR, YILDIZ; Gungor E. S., YILMAZ KARAMAN İ. G., Erim B. R., Guvenc H. R., Ergul C., Laciner K., Oruc G. A., Altun F. D., Erkan A., Erzin G., et al.Objective:Intimate partner violence (IPV) against women is a human rights violation and a public health concern. The incidence of IPV increases in mass events such as epi-demics. The aim of this study was to assess the nature and the extent of IPV among women in Turkey; to iden-tify the associated factors, and mental health outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method:The study has a cross-sectional, descriptive design. An online self -report survey, based on World Health Organization guid-ance on epidemiological studies to assess IPV, was con-ducted among women between 09.01.2021 and 09.02.2021. The survey had 69 questions which covered sociodemographic characteristics, relationship history, types of violence and mental well-being. Inclusion crite-ria were being over the age of 18, and having a spouse/partner during the pandemic. Participation was on voluntary basis. 1372 women were included in the analysis. Results:Around a third (30.7%) of participants were exposed to any type of violence before the pan-demic, with most common form being emotional vio-lence, and this rate remained unchanged during the pan-demic, despite the time spent with partners were expect-ed to increase due to isolation measures. 61 women (4.4%), mostly university graduates living in cities, reported being subject to violence for the first time dur-ing the pandemic. 31.2% of them were cases of digital violence. Lower level of education, younger age and partner\"s alcohol and substance use was associated with IPV, and IPV was associated with poorer mental well-being. Discussion:Despite the public health measures taken during the pandemic (e.g. lockdowns), where women would have spent more time isolated with their partners, rates of IPV did not change from pre-pandemic to pandemic. This outcome needs to be compared with findings from other contexts. Strategies to prevent IPV is of utmost importance for the protection of mental well-being of women and the society during and after the pandemic.Publication Open Access Normative misperceptions of tobacco use among university students in seven European countries: Baseline findings of the 'Social Norms Intervention for the prevention of Polydrug usE' study(PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2015-12) AKVARDAR, YILDIZ; Pischke, Claudia R.; Helmer, Stefanie M.; McAlaney, John; Bewick, Bridgette M.; Vriesacker, Bart; Van Hal, Guido; Mikolajczyk, Rafael T.; Akvardar, Yildiz; Guillen-Grima, Francisco; Salonna, Ferdinand; Orosova, Olga; Dohrmann, Solveig; Dempsey, Robert C.; Zeeb, HajoIntroduction: Research conducted in North America suggests that students tend to overestimate tobacco use among their peers. This perceived norm may impact personal tobacco use. It remains unclear how these perceptions influence tobacco use among European students. The two aims were to investigate possible self-other discrepancies regarding personal use and attitudes towards use and to evaluate if perceptions of peer use and peer approval of use are associated with personal use and approval of tobacco use. Methods: The EU-funded 'Social Norms Intervention for the prevention of Polydrug usE' study was conducted in Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Slovak Republic, Spain, Turkey and United Kingdom. In total, 4482 students (7.1% female) answered an online survey including questions on personal and perceived tobacco use and personal and perceived attitudes towards tobacco use. Results: Across all countries, the majority of students perceived tobacco use of their peers to be higher than their own use. The perception that the majority (>50%) of peers used tobacco regularly in the past two months was significantly associated with higher odds for personal regular use (OR: 2.66, 95% CI: 1.90-3.73). The perception that the majority of peers approve of tobacco use was significantly associated with higher odds for personal approval of tobacco use (OR: 6.49, 95% Cl: 4.54-928). Conclusions: Perceived norms are an important predictor of personal tobacco use and attitudes towards use. Interventions addressing perceived norms may be a viable method to change attitudes and tobacco use among European students, and may be a component of future tobacco control policy. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Publication Metadata only Personality Dimensions Associated with Food Addiction in a Sample of Pre-operative Bariatric Surgery Patients from Turkey(SPRINGER) AKVARDAR, YILDIZ; Celebi, Cengiz; Gungor, Ekin Sonmez; Akvardar, YildizFood addiction (FA) has been discussed as a potential contributing factor to the multifactorial aetiology of obesity, and an increasing number of studies have been conducted in recent years to understand this construct. Our aim was to determine the prevalence of FA in a Turkish group of pre-operative bariatric surgery patients and examine the relationship between body mass index, FA and personality traits. In this cross-sectional study, adult pre-operative bariatric surgery patients (n = 140) were evaluated for the presence of FA and related clinical factors. FA and personality traits were assessed using the Turkish versions of the Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS) and Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). 47.1% of the sample was found to show signs of food addiction, as assessed by the YFAS. The mean FA symptom count of the whole sample was 3.92 +/- 1.71 out of 7. We found that participants with FA had significantly higher TCI harm avoidance scores and self-transcendence total scores than those without FA (p = 0.04, p = 0.03; respectively), whereas their self-directedness scores and resourcefulness sub-scale scores were significantly lower (p = 0.03, p < 0.01; respectively). In conclusion, lower self-directedness and higher harm avoidance are the major personality traits associated with FA in pre-operative bariatric surgery patients.