Person: AKAKIN, DİLEK
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AKAKIN
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DİLEK
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Publication Metadata only Apigenin’in hafif travmatik beyin hasarı modelinde olası antienflamatuar, antioksidan ve nöroprotektif etkisinin incelenmesi(2021-11-21) AKAKIN, DİLEK; PEKER EYÜBOĞLU, İREM; YILDIRIM, ALPER; YÜKSEL, MERAL; KURU BEKTAŞOĞLU P., DEMİR D., KOYUNCUOĞLU T., YÜKSEL M., KARAGÖZ KÖROĞLU A., AKAKIN D., PEKER EYÜBOĞLU İ., YILDIRIM A., ÇELİKOĞLU E., GÜRER B.Publication Metadata only Bacterial cellulose tubes as a nerve conduit for repairing complete facial nerve transection in a rat model(SPRINGER, 2020) BİNNETOĞLU, ADEM; Binnetoglu, Adem; Demir, Berat; Akakin, Dilek; Demirci, Elif Kervancioglu; Batman, CaglarPurpose Functionality of the facial nerve is cosmetically important. While many techniques have been investigated, early and effective treatment for traumatic facial nerve paralysis remains challenging. Here, we aim to examine bacterial cellulose (BC) as a new tubularization material for improving facial nerve regeneration. Methods Our study was performed on 40 female Sprague Dawley rats. Rats were randomly divided into four groups, with 10 rats per group. In all rats, the main trunk of the facial nerve was completely cut 8 mm before the branching point. For repairing the facial nerve, in group 1, the nerve was left to recover spontaneously (control group); in group 2, it was repaired by primary suturing (8.0 Ethilon sutures, Ethicon); in group 3, BC tubes alone were used to aid nerve repair; and in group 4, both BC tubes and primary sutures (8.0 Ethilon sutures) were used. After 10 weeks, the facial nerve regeneration was evaluated by the whisker movement test and electrophysiologically (nerve stimulation threshold and compound muscle action potential). Nerve regeneration was assessed by calculating the number of myelinated nerve fibers, and by microscopically evaluating the amount of regeneration and fibrosis. Results No significant difference was observed among the groups in terms of whisker movement and electrophysiological parameters (P > 0.05). We found that the numbers of regenerating myelinated fibers were significantly increased (P < 0.05) when BC tubes were used as a nerve conduit. Conclusions BC can be easily shaped into a hollow tube that guides nerve axons, resulting in better nerve regeneration after transection.Publication Metadata only Possible anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects of apigenin in the setting of mild traumatic brain injury: an investigation*(2022-10-01) KOYUNCUOĞLU, TÜRKAN; YÜKSEL, MERAL; PEKER EYÜBOĞLU, İREM; AKAKIN, DİLEK; Kuru Bektasoglu P., Demir D., Koyuncuoglu T., YÜKSEL M., PEKER EYÜBOĞLU İ., Karagoz Koroglu A., AKAKIN D., Yildirim A., Celikoglu E., Gurer B.Objective Apigenin is a plant flavone proven with biological properties such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial effects. This study, it was aimed to examine the possible anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects of apigenin in the setting of the mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) model. Methods Wistar albino male rats were randomly assigned to groups: control (n = 9), TBI (n = 9), TBI + vehicle (n = 8), and TBI + apigenin (20 and 40 mg/kg, immediately after trauma; n = 6 and n = 7). TBI was performed by dropping a 300 g weight from a height of 1 m onto the skull under anesthesia. Neurological examination and tail suspension tests were applied before and 24 h after trauma, as well as Y-maze and object recognition tests, after that rats were decapitated. In brain tissue, luminol- and lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence levels and cytokine ELISA levels were measured. Histological damage was scored. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA. Results After TBI, luminol (p < .001) and lucigenin (p < .001) levels increased, and luminol and lucigenin levels decreased with apigenin treatments (p < .01-.001). The tail suspension test score increased with trauma (p < .01). According to the pre-traumatic values, the number of entrances to the arms (p < .01) in the Y-maze decreased after trauma (p < .01). In the object recognition test, discrimination (p < .05) and recognition indexes (p < .05) decreased with trauma. There was no significant difference among trauma apigenin groups in behavioral tests. Interleukin (IL)-10 levels, one of the anti-inflammatory cytokines, decreased with trauma (p < .05), and increased with 20 and 40 mg apigenin treatment (p < .001 and p < .01, respectively). The histological damage score in the cortex was decreased in the apigenin 20 mg treatment group significantly (p < .05), but the decrease observed in the apigenin 40 mg group was not significant. Conclusion The results of this study revealed that apigenin 20 and 40 mg treatment may have neuroprotective effects in mild TBI via decreasing the level of luminol and lucigenin and increasing the IL-10 levels. Additionally, apigenin 20 mg treatment ameliorated the trauma-induced cortical tissue damage.Publication Metadata only The effects of long-term prenatal exposure to 900, 1800, and 2100 MHz electromagnetic field radiation on myocardial tissue of rats(2022-11-01) AKAKIN, DİLEK; Bozok S., Karaagac E., Sener D., AKAKIN D., TÜMKAYA L.It is well-known that wireless communication technologies facilitate human life. However, the harmful effects of electromagnetic field (EMF) radiation on the human body should not be ignored. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of long-term, prenatal exposure to EMF radiation on the myocardium of rats at varying durations. Overall, 18 pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned into six groups (n = 3 in each group). In all groups other than the control group, three pregnant rats were exposed to EMF radiation (900, 1800 and 2100 MHz) for 6, 12 and 24 h over 20 days. After delivery, the newborn male pups were identified and six newborn male pups from each group were randomly selected. Then, histopathological and biochemical analysis of myocardial samples were performed. When 24-h/day prenatal exposures to 900, 1800, 2100 MHz EMF radiation were evaluated, myocardial damage was greater in the 2100 MHz EMF-24h group than the other groups. In addition, when malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels associated with reactive oxidative species (ROS) were evaluated, the MDA level was higher in the 2100 MHz EMF-24h group compared with the other groups. The GSH level was also lower in the 2100 MHz EMF-24h group. When the 6, 12 and 24 h/day prenatal exposures to 1800 MHz EMF radiation were evaluated, myocardial damage was greater in 1800 MHz EMF-24h group than the remaining groups (p < 0.0001). Also, MDA level was greater in the 1800 MHz EMF-24h group compared with the other groups while the GSH level was lower in this group. It was shown that myocardial tissue was affected more by long-term exposure to EMF radiation at high frequencies. The data raise concerns that the harmful effects of non-ionizing radiation exposure on cardiac tissue will increase with 5G technology.Publication Open Access The α2C-adrenoceptor antagonist JP-1302 controls behavioral parameters, tyrosine hydroxylase activity and receptor expression in a rat model of ketamine-induced schizophrenia-like deficits(2022-11-01) AKAKIN, DİLEK; GÖREN, MEHMET ZAFER; Tekin N., Karamahmutoğlu T. E. , Aykaç A., AKAKIN D., GÖREN M. Z.© 2022Schizophrenia is a chronic disabling disease affecting 1 % of the population. Current antipsychotics have limited efficacy in mitigating the severity of the symptoms of the disease. Therefore, searching for new therapeutic targets is essential. Previous studies have shown that α2C-adrenoceptor antagonists may have antipsychotic and pro-cognitive effects. Therefore, the current study evaluates the behavioral and neurochemical effects of JP-1302, a selective α2C-adrenoceptor antagonist, in a model of schizophrenia-like deficits induced by sub-chronic ketamine (KET) administration. Here, we administered ketamine (25 mg/kg, i.p.) to male and female Wistar rats for eight consecutive days. On the last two days of ketamine administration, rats were pretreated with either JP-1302 (1-3-10 μmol/kg, i.p.), chlorpromazine (0.1 mg/kg, i.p.), or saline, and the behavioral tests were performed. Behaviors related to positive (locomotor activity), negative (social interaction), and cognitive (novel object recognition) symptoms of schizophrenia were assessed. Glutamate, glutamine, GABA levels, and α2C-adrenoceptor expression were measured in the frontal cortex and the hippocampus. Tyrosine hydroxylase immunocytochemical reactivity was also shown in the midbrain regions. Sub-chronic ketamine administration increased locomotor activity and produced robust social interaction and object recognition deficits, and JP-1302 significantly ameliorated ketamine-induced cognitive deficits. Ketamine induced a hyperdopaminergic activity in the striatum, which was reversed by the treatment with JP-1302. Also, the α2C-adrenoceptor expression was higher in the frontal cortex and hippocampus in the ketamine-treated rats. Our findings confirm that α2C-adrenoceptor antagonism may be a potential drug target for treating cognitive disorders related to schizophrenia.Publication Open Access Electron microscopic GABA evaluation in hippocampal mossy terminals of genetic absence epilepsy rats receiving kindling stimulations(2022-12-01) KAYA, ÖZLEM TUĞÇE; TURGAN AŞIK, ZEHRA NUR; KARAMAHMUTOĞLU, TUĞBA; GÜLÇEBİ İDRİZ OĞLU, MEDİNE; AKAKIN, DİLEK; ŞİRVANCI, SERAP; İmdat N. N., KAYA Ö. T., TURGAN AŞIK Z. N., ERYİĞİT KARAMAHMUTOĞLU T., GÜLÇEBİ İDRİZ OĞLU M., AKAKIN D., ONAT F., ŞİRVANCI S.Objective: The hypotheses related to the fact of epileptic mechanisms are mainly based on excitation-inhibition imbalance in central nervous system. GAERS (Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rats from Strasbourg) is a well-known animal model of absence epilepsy, and frequently used in experimental studies. In the present study, we aimed to examine possible morphological and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) density changes in GAERS hippocampus after electrical kindling stimulations. Methods: All control and test group rats received 6 kindling stimulations. Rats were decapitated 1 h after the last stimulation. Ultrastructural GABA immunocytochemistry was used to evaluate GABA density quantitatively in mossy terminals of hippocampal CA3 region. Results: GABA levels were less in kindling groups compared to their controls, and in GAERS groups compared to Wistar groups; mitochondrial and dendritic spine area ratios were greater in GAERS groups compared to Wistar groups, although all these evaluations were statistically nonsignificant. Depletion of synaptic vesicles was evident in the mossy terminals of kindling groups. Conclusion: The reason of decreased levels of GABA found in the present study might be that GABA has been released from the synaptic pool rapidly at an early time period after the last stimulation, for compansation mechanisms. Depletion of synaptic vesicles observed in kindling groups shows that even 6 kindling stimulations have an impact of changing hippocampal morphology in trisynaptic cycle. The increased mitochondrial area in GAERS might be related to the increased mitochondrial activity. The increased dendritic spine area might be related to the increased performance of learning in GAERS. Our findings indicating that absence epilepsy and temporal lobe epilepsy have different mechanisms of epileptogenesis might be a basis for further experimental studies.Publication Metadata only Histopathological Evaluation of Mechanoreceptors in the Metatarsophalangeal Joint Capsule in Hallux Valgus(ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2020) AKAKIN, DİLEK; Sirin, Evrim; Kandemir, Cansu; Yilmaz, Baris; Ozdemir, Guzelali; Akakin, Dilek; Muratli, Hasan HilmiTo date, we could find no study concerning the relationship between mechanoreceptors in the joint capsule of the first metatarsophalangeal joint and hallux valgus deformity. We aimed to investigate the presence of mechanoreceptors in samples obtained from the first metatarsophalangeal joint capsules of patients with hallux valgus deformity to improve our understanding of the clinical and histopathological features of the disease. Samples were taken from the first metatarsophalangeal joint capsules of 13 fresh-frozen cadavers with normal anatomy (controls) and 29 patients undergoing surgery for hallux valgus (cases). For light microscopy, excised specimens were fixed in 10% formaldehyde and processed for routine histopathological investigation. All samples were dehydrated in a series of ethanol, cleared in xylene, and embedded in paraffin. Orientation of collagen fibers was determined on Masson's trichrome-stained sections, and mechanoreceptors were evaluated on S-100-immunostained sections. In the sections stained with Masson's trichrome, the orientation of collagen fibers was regular in the control group. However, coarse and disoriented collagen bundles were observed in the hallux valgus cases (P <=.05). S-100 immunostaining was positive in the sections of both the cases and controls. Finally, free nerve endings were more abundant in the samples obtained from the capsules of hallux valgus cases than from the control group (P <= .05). An increase in the number of free nerve endings within the capsules of the first metatarsophalangeal joints in feet with hallux valgus deformity might have a role in the development of clinically relevant joint pain and instability. (C) 2020 by the American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons. All rights reserved.Publication Open Access The Effect of Algan Hemostatic Agent (AHA) on Wound Healing(MARMARA UNIV, INST HEALTH SCIENCES, 2020-09-04) ŞEN, ALİ; Aksoy, Halil; Sener, Azize; Akakin, Dilek; Sen, Ali; Ozakpinar, Ozlem Bingol; Ozcan, Sinemcan; Simsek, Ahmet Kaan; Sekerler, Turgut; Guzel, Sevket Ergun; Midi, AhmetObjective: The Algan Hemostatic Agent (AHA) is a novel herbal originated blood stopper. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of AHA on wound healing on excisional wound model in rats. Methods: In this study, 54 adult Wistar albino rats were used. Rats were divided into 3 groups (saline, Madecassol (R) and AHA). Each group was then divided into 3 subgroups as the 3rd, 7th and 14th days. Two wounds were created in the dorsal thoracic region of the rats. One of the lesions was used for histopathological examinations and the other for hydroxyproline measurement. In order to evaluate the wound healing, wound area were measured during the whole treatment period and animals were sacrificed at the end of the 3rd, 7th and 14th days and tissue samples were taken for the determination of hydroxyproline levels. Results: AHA treatment did not cause significant difference in hydroxyproline level on days 3, 7, 14. The contraction percentage of wound area was higher in the AHA group on day 7 than that of the control group. However, the difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05). On days 3 and 14, no significant difference was detected in the contraction percentage of wound area between the control and the AHA groups. AHA and Madecassol (R) results of epidermis regeneration on the 14th day, neutrophil infiltration on the 7th day and edema on the 3rd, 7th and 14th days were different in terms of histopathological parameters compared to the control group. Conclusion: Despite good histological findings, AHA did not significantly accelerate wound healing, but did not adversely affect wound healing as well.Publication Metadata only Neuroprotective Effect of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Antagonist in the Rat Model of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury(SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS, 2021) ERZİK, CAN; Kuru Bektasoglu, Pinar; Koyuncuoglu, Turkan; Akbulut, Selin; Akakin, Dilek; Eyuboglu, Irem Peker; Erzik, Can; Yuksel, Meral; Kurtel, HizirPlasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) antagonists are known for their neuroprotective effects. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the possible protective effects of PAI-1 antagonists in a rat mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) model. Sprague-Dawley male rats were grouped as sham (n = 7), TBI (n = 9), and TBI + PAI-1 antagonist (5 and 10 mg/kg TM5441 and TM5484; n = 6-7). Under anesthesia, TBI was induced by dropping a metal 300-g weight from a height of 1 m on the skull. Before and 24-h after trauma neurological examination, tail suspension, Y-maze, and novel object recognition tests were performed. Twenty-four hours after TBI, the rats were decapitated and activities of myeloperoxidase, nitric oxide release, luminol-, and lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence were measured. Also, interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-10, tumor growth factor-beta, caspase-3, cleaved caspase-3, and PAI levels were measured with the ELISA method in the brain tissue. Brain injury was graded histopathologically following hematoxylin-eosin staining. Western blot and immunohistochemical investigation for low-density lipoprotein receptor, matrix metalloproteinase-3, and nuclear factor-kappa B were also performed. Data were analyzed using GraphPad Prism 8.0 (GraphPad Software, San Diego, CA, USA) and expressed as means +/- SEM. Values of p < 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant. Higher levels of myeloperoxidase activity in the TBI group (p < 0.05) were found to be suppressed in 5 and 10 mg/kg TM5441 treatment groups (p < 0.05-p < 0.01). The tail suspension test score was increased in the TBI group (p < 0.001) and decreased in all treatment groups (p < 0.05-0.001). The histologic damage score was increased statistically significantly in the cortex, dentate gyrus, and CA3 regions in the TBI group (p < 0.01-0.001), decreased in the treatment groups in the cortex and dentate gyrus (p < 0.05-0.001). PAI antagonists, especially TM5441, have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties against mild TBI in the acute period. Behavioral test results were also improved after PAI antagonist treatment after mild TBI.Publication Open Access Effects of sodium fluoride on neural tube development in chick embryos(2023-11-01) AKAKIN, DİLEK; Mammadov M., Emon S. T., Akar E., AKAKIN D., Şener D.Objective: Various environmental factors encountered in daily life are associated with the development of neural tube defects. This study aims to investigate the effects of fluoride on neural tube development in chick embryos. Methods: A total of 60 specific pathogen-free, fertile, zero-day Leghorn-type eggs were used in the study. Group 1 was the control group, in which only saline was administered. Group 2 was the low-dose group, in which 0.003 mg of fluoride was administered, and Group 3 was the high-dose group, in which 0.006 mg of fluoride was administered. After 72 h of incubation, the embryonic disc was evaluated microscopically. Results: In the control group, the surface ectoderm of all sections was intact, the neural tube was closed, and the neuroepithelium, the basement membrane surrounding the neuroepithelium, the somites, and the notochord displayed standard structure. Neural tube defects were observed in 3 of the chick embryos, that was given low-dose fluoride. In Group 3, which was administered high doses of fluoride, neural tube defects were observed in 4 embryos. It was observed that the development of neural tube defects was no statistically significantly higher in low and high-dose fluoride group compared to the control group. Conclusion: Low and high-dose fluoride exposure was associated with developing neural tube defects, but there was no statisticaly significance.
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