Person: ÖZOMAY, ZAFER
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ÖZOMAY
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ZAFER
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Publication Open Access Environmentally friendly dyeing of waste cellulose fiberwith natural dye extract obtained from walnut shell(juglans regia)(2023-05-15) ÖZOMAY, MERAL; ÖZOMAY, ZAFER; Kaya S. S., Doğru D., Adeel S., Özomay M., Özomay Z.Cellulose is an important raw material in the manufacture of paper. Cellulose is formed by thefelting, fringing, swelling by absorbing water of the fibers and the combination of these fibersas a result of certain processes. Paper is also obtained by processing plant fibers. It is alsopossible to reuse the waste paper, which are completed in utilization, in paper production byrecovering the cellulose in its structure. Recycling is the process of transforming these wastepapers, which can be reused, into a second raw material by subjecting them to physical orchemical processes. In addition to being sustainable, significant savings are achieved in theamount of raw materials used in paper recycling. In addition, this saving is economicallybeneficial to production due to the high cost of raw materials.In this study, natural dye plants and natural dyeing methods were used to produce paper fromrecycled cellulose with the aim of increasing sustainability. In order to prevent the negativitiesoriginating from the increase in carbon emissions that synthetic dyes cause, it is aimed toincrease the use of natural dyeing methods in paper production. Since natural dye plants areproduced from plant itself or its waste, they do not cause environmental pollution and provideadvantages for recycling.In this study, cellulose fibers were colored with natural dyeing method using walnut shell.Thus, between the fibers, samples colored with walnut shells and samples that were notcolored were examined under two different conditions. Samples were prepared in twodifferent ponds, 5 L and 8 L, with a fixed ratio of solids. Paper sheets were formed with thesieve using the dipping method in the prepared concentration and at the same time, thetechnical properties of the samples were examined by reducing the fibers at a certain rate.Samples were measured in terms of weight, color measurement, light fastness, contact angle,surface smoothness, air permeability and compared with the data obtained.Keywords: Waste paper, Recycling, Natural dyeing, SustainabilityPublication Open Access Analytical characterization of bible and textiles artifacts from sinope balatlar church excavations for conservation purposes(2022-01-01) ÖZOMAY, MERAL; ÖZOMAY, ZAFER; Massadikova G., ÖZOMAY M., ÖZOMAY Z., Hasanova R.© 2022. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. Archaeological textile and paper materials shed light on cultural studies in different fields. In this study, a composite textile material and 2 printed Biblical artifacts of the 19th c., found during the excavation of the Balatlar Building Complex were investigated. The building complex, also known as the Balatlar Church or Mithridates Palace, is an imperial hamam complex belonging to the Roman Period, located in the Ada Street of Sinope province in the north of Turkey. It was found that different materials such as metal yarn, paper used under embroidery, and decorative beads used on textile material were used in the textile fragment recovered from tomb VIII of the Balatlar Building Complex. The investigation concerned the fiber types and dyestuffs for textile material, paper types and dyestuffs used for biblical artifacts by using non-destructive and microa-nalysis methods for these unique heritage objects. Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Optical microscope (OM), Digital Microscope (DM), Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (SEM-EDX) and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Diode Array Detector (HPLC-DAD) was used. It was determined that the textile find consists of two different fabrics, the main fabric, and the lining, and the dye that gives the main fabric its red color is the root dye (Rubia tinc-torum L.). Also, Alizarin and madder (Rubia tinctorum L.) was determined as a plant source. It has been estab-lished that only the pattern threads are silk threads. HPLC-DAD chromatograms has been analyzed of paper pieces of the, written and unwritten sides, paper-board and leather sides archaeological L.(Large) Bible and S. (Small) Bible books. It was concluded that natural dyestuffs were not used in the production of the paper and leather parts of the L.Bible and S.Bible books. For the written text Iron (III)-gallic acid binary complex vibration bands were detected. Documentation and research studies conducted on 2 discovered Biblical artifacts have shown that biological degradation has oc-curred on the surface of the artifact. As a result of microscopic examination, it was found that the cover part of the L.Bible was made of cardboard and there were remnants of gray side paper. Remnants of leather-pre-pared binding were found on the surface of S.Biblical artifact.Publication Metadata only Boraks ile Mordanlanmış İpekli Kumaşların Renk ve Haslık Özelliklerinin Araştırılması(2019-07-22) ÖZOMAY, MERAL; ÖZOMAY, ZAFER; ÖZOMAY M., ÖZOMAY Z., GÜNEY H.Bu araştırmada dünyadaki rezervlerin yaklaşık %63’ünün Türkiye’de bulunduğu tespit edilen bor madeni ile yapılan doğal boyamanın, ipek liflerinin boyanmasında kullanılabilirliği ve elde edilen haslıklar araştırılmıştır. %100 ipekli malzeme farklı oranlarda boraks ile mordanlandıktan sonra bitkiden ekstrakte edilmiş boya ile klasik yönteme göre boyanmıştır. Boyamaya olan etkisini görebilmek için materyal ağırlığına göre 7 farklı oranda boraks kullanılmış, bitki, ekstrakt miktarı, banyo oranı, süre ve sıcaklık sabit tutulmuştur. Elde edilen boyamaların yıkama ile yaş ve kuru sürtme haslık özellikleri incelenmiştir. Karşılaştırmalar mordansız boyamaya göre yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre; elde edilen yıkama ve sürtme haslık değerlerinin kullanılan mordan miktarına göre farklılıklar gösterdiği, materyal ağırlığına göre %5 boraks kullanımının fazlasının haslık değerlerini değiştirmediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Anahtar sözcükler: boraks, doğal boyama, ipek, kök boyaPublication Metadata only Determination of optimum dyeing recipe with different amount of mordants in handmade cotton fabrics woven with olive leaves by grey relational analysis method(TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD) GÜNGÖR, FERHAT; Ozomay, Meral; Gungor, Ferhat; Ozomay, ZaferWhile the coloring of textiles was done with natural dyes in history, today it has been completely replaced by chemical dyes and our cultural values have begun to be abandoned. For this reason, various studies are carried out in order to revitalize natural dyeing and to increase its preference. Turkey's flora is rich in terms of plant diversity, thus it makes it easier to facilitate studies related to natural dyeing. We can count the olive tree that has an important place in this diversity and it grows in many regions of our country. In this research, the usability of the natural dye obtained from the leaves of the olive tree, which is very widespread in the world, in cotton fabrics woven with handmade yarns was investigated. In this study, Eflani fabric, woven from 100% cotton yarn with olive leaves, was dyed with a total of 3 different mordant materials of 5 different concentrations. The light and wash fastnesses of the dyed samples were made and the color differences and color efficiencies were calculated and compared using the CIE L * a * b color space system. Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) Method was used for the optimization of dyeing parameters. GRA, which is one of the multi-criteria decision making methods, is an effective method that can be used in situations where there are more or less information and multiple criteria and decision making are complex. There are a total of 9 criteria to decide on the best dyeing together with the fading and staining process obtained from washing damage and with the fading value obtained from lightfastness and color yield. Thanks to the GRA method applied, the evaluation made according to 9 criteria gives us the optimum result. In this experimental study, the effects of 3 different mordant substances and mixtures used in dyeing cotton fabric with olive leaves on color difference and color efficiency were investigated, and it showed that the dyeing with citric acid mordant and using 10% mordant, which is the highest concentration, gave the best fastness values.