Person: ULAĞ, SONGÜL
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ULAĞ
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SONGÜL
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Publication Open Access Investigation of the properties of encapsulated hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs in whey protein microparticles(2022-10-01) ULAĞ, SONGÜL; GÜNDÜZ, OĞUZHAN; Irem Deniz K., Ulağ S., Gündüz O.© 2022 Elsevier B.V.In this study, the amoxicillin (AMX) and rifampicin (RIF) were loaded into the whey protein (WP) to form the hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs loaded whey protein microparticles. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images demonstrated that AMX addition increased the particle size, but RIF addition decreased the dimensions of the particles. The Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results showed that both drugs were successfully loaded into the protein. AMX and RIF were ultimately released from the WP microparticles after 1440 min, according to the drug release test. Two drugs exhibited the same behaviour, but in the first hour, AMX had more release than the RIF.Publication Open Access Fabrication of gentamicin sulfate-loaded 3d-printed polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate/gelatin-methacryloyl hybrid scaffolds for skin tissue replacement(2023-01-01) ULAĞ, SONGÜL; ŞAHİN, ALİ; AKSU, MEHMET BURAK; GÜNDÜZ, OĞUZHAN; Izgordu M. S., Ayran M., ULAĞ S., Yildirim R., Bulut B., ŞAHİN A., Guncu M. M., AKSU M. B., GÜNDÜZ O.3D-printed scaffolds can better mimic the function of human skin, both biologically and mechanically. Within the scope of this study, the effect of the addition of different amounts (10, 15, 20 mg) of gentamicin sulfate (GS) to a 10 mL solution of natural and synthetic polymers is investigated. Sodium alginate (SA), gelatin-methacryloyl (GelMA), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) are chosen as bioactive materials. The surface morphology and pore structures are visualized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). According to the results, it is observed that the pore sizes of all scaffolds are smaller than 270 µm, the lowest value (130 µm) is obtained in the scaffold loaded with 15 mg GS, and it also has the highest tensile strength value (12.5 ± 7.6 MPa). Similarly, it is observed that the tensile strength (9.7 ± 4.5 MPa) is high in scaffold loaded with 20 mg GS. The biocompatibility test is performed with fibroblast cells, and the results show that the scaffolds are biocompatible with cells. The antibacterial test is carried out against the S.aureous and E. coli and the results indicate that all GS-loaded scaffolds demonstrate antibacterial activity.Publication Open Access Controlled Release of Gentamicin from Electrospun Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)/Gelatin Nanofibers: The Effect of Crosslinking Time Using Glutaraldehyde Vapor(2023-02-03) ŞENGÖR, MUSTAFA; GÜNDÜZ, OĞUZHAN; ULAĞ, SONGÜL; Baykara D., Pilavci E., Cesur S., Ilhan E., ULAĞ S., ŞENGÖR M., Kijeńska-Gawrońska E., GÜNDÜZ O.© 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH.In this study, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), gelatin (GEL) and gentamicin (GEN) were used and 13PVA/0.5GEL/GEN nanofibers were fabricated with the electrospinning method. These nanofibers were crosslinked chemically with glutaraldehyde (GA) at different time intervals (2, 3, 4, 5, 5.5 and 6 h) to observe the crosslinking effect on the properties of the nanofibers. Morphological analysis reported that as the crosslinking time increased, the nanofiber diameters also increased from 369.26 nm (non-crosslinked) to 447.72 nm (6 h/crosslinking), respectively. The thermal characterization results demonstrated that crosslinking with different times noticeably shifted the thermal points.The tensile testing results proved that application of crosslinking enhanced the mechanical strength of the nanofibers from 3.31 MPa (non-crosslinked) to 5.8 MPa (5.5 h/crosslinking), respectively. The GEN release profiles from the nanofibers showed similar behaviors under crosslinking and indicated that the crosslinking time did not have a significant effect on the amount of the GEN released.Publication Open Access Fabrication of Amphotericin-B-loaded Sodium Alginate Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications(2022-12-01) ULAĞ, SONGÜL; ŞENGÖR, MUSTAFA; GÜNDÜZ, OĞUZHAN; ULAĞ S., Celik S. E., ŞENGÖR M., GÜNDÜZ O.In this study, amphotericin-B (AMB)-loaded sodium alginate (SA) nanoparticles were fabricated using the electrospraying technique for biomedical applications. AMB is an antifungal agent and is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract due to its low aqueous solubility. Therefore, it should be given parenterally to treat systemic fungal infections. This study aims to transport it with nanoparticle formulations and observe the nanoparticle release behaviours. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed that nanoparticles of 0.5% SA fabricated at 37 kV had the most suitable particle diameter (93.36±24.386 nm) for loading 0.5, 1, and 3 ml of AMB. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results demonstrated that AMB successfully loaded into 0.5% SA nanoparticles. Drug release behaviours of the AMB-loaded particles indicated that AMB was released with a burst at the beginning, and release behaviour became sustainable after half an hour. The encapsulation efciencies of the diferent amounts of drug were calculated, and the results showed that the highest encapsulation efciency belonged to the 0.5% SA/1 AMB nanoparticles (42±1.23%).Publication Open Access Fabrication of electrospun juglans regia (juglone) loaded poly(lactic acid) scaffolds as a potential wound dressing material(2022-05-01) ALTAN, ERAY; ŞAHİN, ALİ; GÜNDÜZ, OĞUZHAN; ULAĞ, SONGÜL; ALTAN E., Karacelebi Y., Saatcioglu E., ULAĞ S., ŞAHİN A., AKSU M. B., Croitoru A., Codrea C. I., Ficai D., GÜNDÜZ O., et al.Juglone (5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone) (J) is a naphthoquinone structured allelochemical that is mostly found in the roots, leaves, nut-hulls, bark, and wood of walnut (Juglans regia). In this study, the biocompatibility, mechanical, thermal, chemical, morphological, and antimicrobial properties of the poly(lactic acid) (PLA) (w/v)/J (10, 20, 30 mg) electrospun scaffolds were investigated. Based on the results of the study, it was shown that juglone addition increased the antimicrobial properties of the scaffolds against the Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli), compared to the neat PLA film after 24 h of contact time. According to the tensile test results, the addition of J made the scaffolds more flexible but decreased the mechanical strength. The cytotoxicity properties of the J-added scaffolds demonstrated a toxic behavior on the first day of incubation. However, with an increase in the J ratio, the fibroblast cell metabolic activity increased for all incubation periods.Publication Open Access Gentamicin and fluconazole loaded electrospun polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) fibers as a novel platform for the treatment of corneal keratitis(2022-05-01) GÜNDÜZ, OĞUZHAN; ULAĞ, SONGÜL; GÜNDÜZ O., ULAĞ S.In this study, 10 mg fluconazole (10 FCZ) and 10 mg gentamicin (10 GEN) loaded with 40% polymethylmethacrylate (40% PMMA) fibers were fabricated by electrospinning and the performance of the formulations (40% PMMA, 40% PMMA/10 FCZ, 40% PMMA/10 GEN, and 40% PMMA/10 FCZ/10 GEN) was tested. 10 mg Gentamicin-loaded 40% PMMA fiber mat showed a more significant zone of inhibition against the S. aureus compared to the zone of 40% PMMA/10 GEN/10 FCZ fiber. The biocompatibility test using a human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) as a cell model proved that the amount of loaded and released GEN has no toxic effects on the MSCs.Publication Open Access Technoeconomic assessment of biopolymer production from crustacean waste with the uk as a case study(2023-02-01) GÜNDÜZ, OĞUZHAN; ULAĞ, SONGÜL; Okoro O. V., Nie L., GÜNDÜZ O., ULAĞ S., Hamidi M., Shavandi A.© 2023 by the authors.Marine pollution has increased in recent decades, largely due to the proliferation of seafood processing plants and the improper disposal of their associated waste streams. The waste streams consist mainly of shells that are composed of chitin, which is the most abundant aminopolysaccharide biopolymer in nature. Recognizing the value of chitin, the potential for the valorization of crustacean waste for chitin production was explored. In this regard, biogenic crab waste was subjected to chemical-only, enzymatic–chemical, and microbial treatments for chitin production. The results were employed as inputs for process simulation as a precursor to undertaking performance assessments. This study subsequently showed that the net present values (NPVs) of the chemical-only, enzyme–chemical, and microbial chitin production pathways were GBP 118.63 million, GBP 115.67 million, and GBP 132.34 million, respectively, indicating that the microbial chitin production pathway constituted the most appropriate technology for future investment. Employing a cost–benefit (CB) analysis, the CB ratios for the chemical-only, enzymatic–chemical, and microbial approaches were determined to be 7.31, 0.45, and 0.23, respectively. These results reinforced the dominant status of the microbial approach for chitin production from crab waste as the preferred valorization strategy. This study was able to provide information regarding the implications of executing alternative scenarios for crustacean waste.Publication Open Access Light-Processed 3D Bioprinting of Symblepharon Rings Fortified with l-Ascorbic Acid for Ocular Tissue Engineering(2024-01-01) ULAĞ, SONGÜL; GÜNDÜZ, OĞUZHAN; Ayran M., Goyuk Y., Tiryaki A., ULAĞ S., Koyuncu A. C. C., Turhan S. A., GÜNDÜZ O.This study aims to develop gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA)-based symblepharonrings fortified with l-ascorbic acid (lAA), aiming for controlled release ofvitamins for the treatment of the ocular surface, corneal healing, andacceleration of epithelial growth, while concurrently preventing potentialinflammation. The human tears contain abundant IAA, which serves aprotective role for ocular tissues. The utilization of 3D printing digital lightprocessing technology not only navigating the manufacturing process ofsymblepharon rings, addressing challenges related to commercial productionand expedited delivery to patients but also imparts enhanced flexibilitycompared to commercial products. This innovative approach also facilitatesthe production of rings that exhibit superior softness and are amenable tomechanical movements for ocular tissue engineering. The morphological,chemical, rheological, biological, thermal, and drug-release characteristics of3D-printed lAA-loaded symblepharon rings are investigated. In themorphological characterization, it is observed that the rings exhibit a porousstructure. In biocompatibility tests, Gelas and Gelas-low rings achieve over75% viability. Following the cell test, scanning electron microscope imagesreveal fibroblasts adhering to Gelas and Gelas-low rings, spreading acrosstheir surfaces. Drug release studies conducted in phosphate-buffered saline atpH 7.4 reveal the complete release of lAA from Gelas-low within a 5-dincubation period.Publication Open Access Fabrication and in vitro characterization of polycaprolactone/graphene oxide/collagen nanofibers for myocardial repair(2023-01-01) ULAĞ, SONGÜL; ŞAHİN, ALİ; DUMLUDAĞ, FATİH; GÜNDÜZ, OĞUZHAN; Karapehlivan S. S., Danisik M. N., Akdag Z., Yildiz E. N., Okoro O. V., Nie L., Shavandi A., ULAĞ S., ŞAHİN A., DUMLUDAĞ F., et al.This study is focused on fabricating tissue-engineered electrospun nanofibers that contain polycaprolactone (PCL), graphene oxide (GO), and collagen (COL) to get an alternative treatment for cardiac injuries. GO (1.5 wt%) is used to support the contraction-elongation of cardiomyocytes by improving electrical stimulation. The COL (1, 3, and 5 wt%) is the main component of the myocardial extracellular matrix have led to their frequent use in cardiac tissue engineering (CTE). The scanning electron microscope (SEM) images show the homogeneous and bead-free morphologies of the nanofibers. Adding a high amount (3% and 5%) of COL decreases the tensile strength value of 17% PCL/1.5% GO nanofiber. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT) assay demonstrates that the COL addition increases cell viability compared to that in 17% PCL/1.5% GO nanofibers on the third day. The response of the nanofibers to alternating current (AC) signal is studied between the frequencies 40 and 105 Hz. The direct current (DC) conductivity values of the films are determined to be between 1.10−10 and 6.10−10 S m−1 at 25 °C. The AC conductivity values show frequency-dependent behavior. Among the PCL/GO-based electrospun nanofibers, 17% PCL/1.5% GO/5% COL nanofiber shows greater DC and AC conductivity than 17% PCL/1.5% GO nanofiber.Publication Open Access Recent advances in health biotechnology during pandemic(2023-06-01) GÜNDÜZ, OĞUZHAN; ULAĞ, SONGÜL; ARI Yuka S., Akpek A., Özarslan A., Vural A., Koçer A. T., ASLAN A., Karaaltin A. B., Gök B., Yilmaz B. B., İNAN B., et al.The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which emerged in 2019, cut the epoch that will make profound fluctuates in the history of the world in social, economic, and scientific fields. Urgent needs in public health have brought with them innovative approaches, including diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. To exceed the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, various scientific authorities in the world have procreated advances in real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) based diagnostic tests, rapid diagnostic kits, the development of vaccines for immunization, and the purposing pharmaceuticals for treatment. Diagnosis, treatment, and immunization approaches put forward by scientific communities are cross-fed from the accrued knowledge of multidisciplinary sciences in health biotechnology. So much so that the pandemic, urgently prioritized in the world, is not only viral infections but also has been the pulsion in the development of novel approaches in many fields such as diagnosis, treatment, translational medicine, virology, microbiology, immunology, functional nano- and bio-materials, bioinformatics, molecular biology, genetics, tissue engineering, biomedical devices, and artificial intelligence technologies. In this review, the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the development of various scientific areas of health biotechnology are discussed.