Publication: Türkiye Türkçesinde ve Ahıska ağzında kılınış ulamı (tasvir fiilleri)
Abstract
ÖzetÇalışmamızda kılınış, fiil ile temsil edilen eylem ve süreçlere özgü nitelikler/vasıflar ve bu eylem veya süreçlerin gerçekleşme tarzını bildiren dilsel bir ulam olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Bu ulam, dillerde leksik yolla ifade edileceği gibi morfolojik birimler aracılığıyla da ifade edilebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada kılınışın morfolojik yolla ifade aracı olan, Türkçe literatürde genellikle “tasvir fiilleri” olarak adlandırılan birimler, kelime çekimi alt dizgesi bünyesinde yer alan analitik fiil şekilleri olarak değerlendirilmektedir.Söz konusu fiil şekillerinin Türkiye Türkçesindeki kullanımları birimlerin geçmişte sahip olduğu içerik/anlam ve geçirdiği süreçle yakından ilgilidir. Nitekim kılınış şekilleri Türkiye Türkçesinde fiil çekimi dizgesine ait birimler olup dil bilgiselleşme sürecinden geçmiştir. Bağımsız leksik birimlerden zamanla dil bilgiselleşerek bugüne gelen kılınış şekilleri, morfoleksik bir yapı olarak ana fiilin temsil ettiği eylemin gerçekleşme tarzını tasvir edici özellik kazanmıştır. Bahsi geçen kılınış şekilleri “fiilimsi biçim birimi + yardımcı fiil” modeline göre kurulur. Kılınış şekillerinin yer aldığı kelime şekillerinde asıl anlam ana fiilce bildirilir, söz konusu kılınış şekilleri ise dil bilgiselleşme sürecinde bazı anlamsal kayıplar veren bir yapı olarak -(y)Xp ve -(y)E zarf-fiil ve -(E/İ)r ve -mEz sıfat-fiil biçim birimleri vasıtasıyla ana fiille bağlantı sağlar, gramatikal bir unsur haline gelen yardımcı fiil ise ana fiilin anlamını kılınış yönünden tasvir eder. Kılınış şekillerindeki/yapılarındaki yardımcı fiiller kendi bağımsız leksik anlamlarını tamamen veya kısmen kaybederek ana fiilin bildirdiği eylemlerin kendisiyle özdeşliğini bozmadan söz konusu eylemlere özgü nitelikleri, eylemlerin gerçekleşme tarzını bildiren kılınış yapısının birer bileşenleri haline dönüşürler.
In our study, actionality, are qualities and qualities specific to the action or process. It has been considered as a linguistic category that indicates the manner in which these actions or processes occur. This category can be expressed in a lexical method, but it can also be expressed through morphological units. In this study, manner of action, that is, descriptive verbs, which is a morphological expression tool, was evaluated as analtytic verb form within the inflectional subsystem.The usage of these verb forms in the modern Turkish is closely related to the meaning they had in the past and the process they went through. In fact, in our opinion, they are verb inflectional morphemes in Turkish today and have gone through the process of grammaticalization. Actionality forms have come to this day by becoming grammatical over time from independent lexical units. As a morpholexical structure, it has gained the feature of describing the manner in which the action represented by the main verb takes place. The mentioned actionality forms are constructed according to the \"adverb morpheme + auxiliary verb\" model. In this structure, the main meaning is stated with the main verb, and the forms of expression in question suffer some semantic losses during the grammaticalization process. As a result adverbial forms -(y)Xp and -(y)E-, adjectival forms –(E/X)r and -mEz- provide a connection with the main verb and become grammatical element. In this case, the auxiliary verb describes the main verb in terms of its execution. Auxiliary verbs in this actionality structure lose their lexical meaning completely or partially. They become components of the actionality structure, which indicates the manner in which the actions are carried out, without distorting the meaning of the actions reported by the main verb. actionality category.
In our study, actionality, are qualities and qualities specific to the action or process. It has been considered as a linguistic category that indicates the manner in which these actions or processes occur. This category can be expressed in a lexical method, but it can also be expressed through morphological units. In this study, manner of action, that is, descriptive verbs, which is a morphological expression tool, was evaluated as analtytic verb form within the inflectional subsystem.The usage of these verb forms in the modern Turkish is closely related to the meaning they had in the past and the process they went through. In fact, in our opinion, they are verb inflectional morphemes in Turkish today and have gone through the process of grammaticalization. Actionality forms have come to this day by becoming grammatical over time from independent lexical units. As a morpholexical structure, it has gained the feature of describing the manner in which the action represented by the main verb takes place. The mentioned actionality forms are constructed according to the \"adverb morpheme + auxiliary verb\" model. In this structure, the main meaning is stated with the main verb, and the forms of expression in question suffer some semantic losses during the grammaticalization process. As a result adverbial forms -(y)Xp and -(y)E-, adjectival forms –(E/X)r and -mEz- provide a connection with the main verb and become grammatical element. In this case, the auxiliary verb describes the main verb in terms of its execution. Auxiliary verbs in this actionality structure lose their lexical meaning completely or partially. They become components of the actionality structure, which indicates the manner in which the actions are carried out, without distorting the meaning of the actions reported by the main verb. actionality category.
Description
Keywords
Kılınış, kılınış ulamı, (analitik) kılınış şekilleri, tasvir fiilleri, fiil şekilleri, analitik fiil şekilleri, yardımcı gramer anlamı, kelime çekimleyici anlam, kelime çekimi biçim birimi, yardımcı fiiller. actionality, aktionsart, actionality category, actionality forms, connecting grammatical meaning, inflectional meaning, auxiliary verb