Publication: Kentli dindar bireylerde geleneksel dinî anlayış ve sekülerleşme eğilimi
Abstract
Bu tez Türkiye’nin modernleşme tecrübesi bağlamında bilhassa 2000 sonrasında kent hayatında dindar bireylerin geleneksel dinî anlayışta sekülerleşme eğilimleri ve değişen dindarlık algısını ele almaktadır. Tez, biri kavramsal ve kuramsal çerçeve, diğeri uygulamalı araştırma olmak üzere iki ana bölümden oluşmaktadır. Kavramsal çerçevede, öncelikle modernleşme kavramı ve modernliğin sosyolojisi üzerinde durulmuş, modernleşme-din ilişkisi sekülerleşme tartışmaları bağlamında ele alınarak sekülerleşme-dindarlık ilişkisine dair yaklaşımlardan bahsedilmiştir. İkinci bölümde kentli dindar bireylerin din anlayışında yaşanan değişimi ölçmek üzere, gerçekleştirilen nicel araştırmanın bulguları tasvir ve tahlil edilmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında kendini dindar olarak tanımlayan ve İstanbul’da yaşayan farklı yaş, eğitim, gelir düzeyi ve mesleklere mensup 18 yaş üstü kadın ve erkeklerden oluşan örneklem grubuna uygulanan anket, istatistik programı üzerinden analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmada modernleşme ve din arasındaki gerilimin dinî yaşantıya nasıl yansıdığı, geleneksel dinî algıda var olduğu ileri sürülen değişimin yönü, inanç, dinî hassasiyet, ibadetler ve dinî bağlılığa yansıma düzeyi elde edilen veriler üzerinden tartışılmaktadır. Tezin ana argümanı geleneksel form ve alışkanlıkların dönüştüğü, modern kent hayatında geleneksel fıkhın yetersiz kaldığına dair anlayışın modern olanla geleneksel arasında “iç içe geçmiş melez” bir dindarlık formu ürettiği; dindar bireylerin çeşitlenen din yorumları karşısında geleneksel dinî zihniyetten uzaklaşan rasyonel ve bireysel bir dindarlığa yönelerek ara formüller ve geçici çözümler üretme çabasına girdikleri şeklindedir. Araştırma bulguları, modern kentte yaşayan dindar bireylerin inanç ve dinî hassasiyet ile ibadet ve dinî bağlılık düzeyinde büyük ölçekte bir değişimin henüz gerçekleşmediğini, ancak din tasavvurunda gelenekselden uzaklaşma anlamında bir değişimin yaşandığını, geleneksel dinî anlayışta sekülerleşme eğilimi olarak nitelendirilebilecek rasyonel ve bireysel bir dindarlık formuna yönelimin varlığını ortaya koymaktadır.
This thesis examines the secularisation tendencies of traditional religious paradigms and the changing perceptions of religiosity among pious individuals in urban life particularly after 2000 in the framework of Turkey's experience with modernisation. The thesis comprises two main parts: conceptual and theoretical framework, and applied research. The conceptual framework intially discusses the notion of modernisation and the sociology of modernity, the relationship between modernisation and religion in the context of secularisation discourse, and various approaches to the relationship between secularisation and religiosity. The second part describes and analyses the findings of a quantitative research conducted to measure the changes in the religious understanding of urban religious individuals. Utilizing statistical software, the research analyses the survey applied to a group of men and women over the age of 18 that identified themselves as religious and resided in Istanbul, encompassing variations in age, education, income and occupation.The research discusses how the tension between modernisation and religion is reflected in religious life, the direction of the alleged change in traditional religious perceptions, and the level of reflection on faith, religious sensitivity, worship and religious commitment. The main argument of the thesis is that the understanding of traditional forms and habits have been transformed, the inadequacy of traditional jurisprudence in modern urban life has produced an \"intertwined hybrid\" form of religiosity between the modern and the traditional, and pious individuals try to produce intermediate formulas and temporary solutions by turning to a rational and individual religiosity that moves away from the traditional religious mentality in the face of diversifying religious interpretations. The findings of the research indicate the lack of a large-scale change in the level of belief, religious sensitivity, worship and religious commitment among pious individuals living in the modern city. However, there is a shift in the concept of religion in the sense of becoming more distant from the tradition, and there is a tendency towards a rational and individual form of religiosity, which indicates a secularisation trend in the traditional understanding of religion.
This thesis examines the secularisation tendencies of traditional religious paradigms and the changing perceptions of religiosity among pious individuals in urban life particularly after 2000 in the framework of Turkey's experience with modernisation. The thesis comprises two main parts: conceptual and theoretical framework, and applied research. The conceptual framework intially discusses the notion of modernisation and the sociology of modernity, the relationship between modernisation and religion in the context of secularisation discourse, and various approaches to the relationship between secularisation and religiosity. The second part describes and analyses the findings of a quantitative research conducted to measure the changes in the religious understanding of urban religious individuals. Utilizing statistical software, the research analyses the survey applied to a group of men and women over the age of 18 that identified themselves as religious and resided in Istanbul, encompassing variations in age, education, income and occupation.The research discusses how the tension between modernisation and religion is reflected in religious life, the direction of the alleged change in traditional religious perceptions, and the level of reflection on faith, religious sensitivity, worship and religious commitment. The main argument of the thesis is that the understanding of traditional forms and habits have been transformed, the inadequacy of traditional jurisprudence in modern urban life has produced an \"intertwined hybrid\" form of religiosity between the modern and the traditional, and pious individuals try to produce intermediate formulas and temporary solutions by turning to a rational and individual religiosity that moves away from the traditional religious mentality in the face of diversifying religious interpretations. The findings of the research indicate the lack of a large-scale change in the level of belief, religious sensitivity, worship and religious commitment among pious individuals living in the modern city. However, there is a shift in the concept of religion in the sense of becoming more distant from the tradition, and there is a tendency towards a rational and individual form of religiosity, which indicates a secularisation trend in the traditional understanding of religion.
Description
Keywords
Modernleşme, sekülerleşme, dindarlık, rasyonelleşme, bireyselleşme, geleneksel dinî anlayış Modernisation, secularisation, rationalisation, individualisation, traditional religious understanding