Publication: Stafilokokus aureus bakteri suşunun farklı elektromanyetik alan parametreleri ve pulslu elektromanyetik alan etkisinde ATP üretimi
Abstract
Stafilokokus aureus Bakteri Suşunun Farklı Elektromanyetik Alan Parametreleri ve Pulslu Elektromanyetik Alan Etkisinde ATP Amaç: Çok düşük frekanslı elektromanyetik alanların (ÇDF-EMA) ökaryot ve prokaryot hücrelere etkileri kabul edilmektedir ancak etki mekanizması henüz anlaşılamamıştır. ÇDF-EMA’nın hücrelere etkisinin belirli manyetik alan ve frekans değerlerinde, farklılıklar gösterdiği bilinmektedir. Daha önceki çalışmalar bu alanların membranda değişimler meydana getirdiklerini göstermiştir. Bakterilerde ATP üretimi membranda meydana gelir. Bu çalışmada farklı frekans ve manyetik alan değerlerinde 90 dakika süresince uygulanan ÇDF-EMA’nın bakterilerde ATP üretimine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada bakteri suşu Marmara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalından sağlanmıştır. Bakteriler sıvı besiyerde, 90 dakika, 37 derece sabit sıcaklıkta farklı şiddet ve frekansta (50 Hz: 1 mT ve 2 mT; 30 Hz: 1 mT ve2 mT ve 30 Hz, 2 mT atımlı ) frekans ve elektromanyetik alanlara maruz bırakılmıştır. Sonrasında 37 derecede, 2 saat bekletilmiş ve lusiferaz ile kemilüminans değerleri ölçülmüştür ve aynı anda çoğalmanın göstergesi optik yoğunluk ölçülmüştür. Tüm deneyler 3 defa tekrar edilmiştir. Sonuçlar ÇDF-EMA uygulanmayan kontrole göre karşılaştırılmıştır. Bulgular: Çok düşük frekanslı elektromanyetik alanların standart Staphylococcus aureus suşunda ATP üretimini her frekans ve manyetik alan şiddetinde arttırdığı saptanmıştır. Bazı frekans ve elektromanyetik alan değerlerinde bu artış oranı daha belirgindir. Bazı alan değerlerinde hücre çoğalmasında azalma gözlenmiştir. Benzer sonuçlar atımlı ÇDF-EMA uygulamasında da görülmüştür. frekanslı elektromanyetik alanlar, ATP, Staphylococcus aureus,, Büyüme oranı, Solunum 2.
Staphylococcus Aureus ATP Production Influence of Different Electromagnetic Field Parameters and Electromagnetic Field Pulse Purpose: Although the effect of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) on eukaryotic or prokaryotic cells has been acknowledged the interaction mechanism has not been clarified yet Nevertheless it known that these fields affect cells differently at different frequency or magnetic field intensities. Previous researches have shown that the membrane is the primary site of interaction. Bacterial ATP generation occurs at the membrane. This research aimed to determine the effect ELF-EMF on ATP generation at different frequency and magnetic field intensities applied for 90 minutes at 37°C. Materials and Method: The bacterial strain (S.aureus) was obtained from Microbiology Department, School of Medicine, Marmara University. Bacteria in broth culture were exposed to ELF-EMF at different frequency and magnetic field intensities (50 Hz: 1 mT and 2 mT; 30 Hz: 1 mT, 2 mT; 30 Hz, 2 mT pulsed ELF-EMF) at 37°C for 90 minutes. ATP was determined just after exposure and after two hours incubation at 37°C by measuring the chemiluminescence with luciferase. Optical density (O.D) was determined at the same time. Three independent experiments each made triplicate were performed. Results: It was seen that ELF-EMF at all frequencies and magnetic field intensities applied increased ATP of S.aureus with respect to control. This increase was more prominent at certain frequency and magnetic field intensities. Growth rate was seen to decrease at certain field intensities. ELF-EMF applied as pulse yielded similar results. Extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields, ATP, S.aureus, respiration, growth rate.
Staphylococcus Aureus ATP Production Influence of Different Electromagnetic Field Parameters and Electromagnetic Field Pulse Purpose: Although the effect of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) on eukaryotic or prokaryotic cells has been acknowledged the interaction mechanism has not been clarified yet Nevertheless it known that these fields affect cells differently at different frequency or magnetic field intensities. Previous researches have shown that the membrane is the primary site of interaction. Bacterial ATP generation occurs at the membrane. This research aimed to determine the effect ELF-EMF on ATP generation at different frequency and magnetic field intensities applied for 90 minutes at 37°C. Materials and Method: The bacterial strain (S.aureus) was obtained from Microbiology Department, School of Medicine, Marmara University. Bacteria in broth culture were exposed to ELF-EMF at different frequency and magnetic field intensities (50 Hz: 1 mT and 2 mT; 30 Hz: 1 mT, 2 mT; 30 Hz, 2 mT pulsed ELF-EMF) at 37°C for 90 minutes. ATP was determined just after exposure and after two hours incubation at 37°C by measuring the chemiluminescence with luciferase. Optical density (O.D) was determined at the same time. Three independent experiments each made triplicate were performed. Results: It was seen that ELF-EMF at all frequencies and magnetic field intensities applied increased ATP of S.aureus with respect to control. This increase was more prominent at certain frequency and magnetic field intensities. Growth rate was seen to decrease at certain field intensities. ELF-EMF applied as pulse yielded similar results. Extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields, ATP, S.aureus, respiration, growth rate.