Publication: Anadolu Selçukluları, Hamitoğulları ve Osmanlı dönemi Isparta camileri
Abstract
Isparta, bulunduğu coğrafya itibariyle tarihi gelişimini Türk asırları içinde üç dönem halinde yaşamıştır. Bunlardan ilki olan Anadolu Selçukluları (1076-1380) Isparta ve civarında 1204 yılından sonra tam anlamıyla hakimiyet kurabilmişlerdir. Dolayısıyla bölgedeki yapılaşmayla ilgili sivil ve dini amaçlı imar faaliyetleri ancak bu tarihlerden sonraya rastlamaktadır. Dini amaçlı yapılardan camileri incelemiş olduğumuz bu çalışmamızda, Isparta'da Anadolu Selçukluları dönemine ait dört eser ele alınmıştır: Küçük Gökçeli Camii (XIV. y.y.), Alâaddin Camii (1231), Hızırbey Camii (XIV. y.y.), Devlethan Camii (XIV. y.y.). Küçük Gökçeli Camii, dönemine ait bütün özelliklere sahip minaresiyle dikkat çekmektedir. Alâaddin Camii, çok sütunlu harimi ve içeriden kubbeli dışarıdan kiremit örtülü çatısıyla Anadolu Selçukluları dönemine ait bir eserdir. Devlethan Camii de aynı şekilde, hem plan ve hem de mimarî taksimat açısından dönem özelliklerini taşımaktadır. Eğirdir'de bulunan Hızırbey Camii çok sütunlu olmakla beraber harim kısmı oldukça karanlık bir eserdir. Hen dört eserin de yazıları ve kalem işi süslemeleri, son dönem tamirlerinde yenilenmiştir. Hamitoğulları Beyliği döneminde (1300-1391) Isparta'daki yapılaşma devam etmiştir. Bu döneme ait tek eser olarak incelemiş olduğumuz il merkezindeki Hızır Bey Camii, minare kaidesindeki taşlar dışında özgünlüğü tamamen kaybolmuş bir eserdir. Bu haliyle tek kubbeli, tek minareli ve üç küçük kubbeyle örtülü son cemaat yeri vardır. Cami içindeki kalem işi süslemeler son döneme aittir. Osmanlı döneminde (1299-1923) Isparta'da güzel eserler meydana getirilmiştir. İlk inşâsı itibariyle 1429 tarihine ait olan Kutlubey Camii, çok kubbeli bir yapıdır. Harimi çok sütunlu olup, oldukça aydınlıktır. Kalem işi süslemeler ampir üslûbundadır. Caminin yazıları diğer camilere göre daha iyidir. Klasik dönem eserleri olan Firdevs Paşa (1569) ve Burhaneddin Paşa (1598) camileri tek kubbeli olup, firdevs Paşa Camii'nde beş kubbeli, diğerinde ise üç kubbeli son cemaat yeri bulunmaktadır. Her iki eser de düzgün kesme taştan yapılmıştır. 1562 tarihli Hacı Abdi Camii de düzgün kesme taştan yapılmış olup, alt katı kütüphane olarak kullanılmaktadır. Harim ikinci kattadır. Harime dışarıdan doğu cephesinden merdivenle çıkılmaktadır. Sefer Ağa Camii (1590), tek kubbeli ve üç küçük kubbeli son cemaat yeri olan bir eserdir. Meyilli bir tepeye bina edilen yapının duvarları moloz taşla örülmüştür. Abdi Paşa Camii (1783), özellikle harimindeki çinileriyle öne çıkmaktadır. Bu caminin kalem işi süslemeleri de son dönem tamiratlarına aittir.
Isparta which has passed historical development as a three periods within Turkish centuries. First of those periods that is Anatolian Seljukion (1076-1380) has completel dominated Isparta and neighboor hood in 1204. Therefore religious and civilion building activities which are refatied constrvetion of that are a could started after this period. We are examined in this thesis four mosques among religious buildings belong to Seljukian period. Küçük Gökçeli Mosque (XIV. century), Alâaddin Mosque (1231), Hızırbey Mosque (XIV. century), Devlethan Mosque (XIV. century). Küçük Gökçeli Mosque's minaret has all characterictics of it's period. Alâaddin Mosque has multi-colums main place and covered from inside with clome and outside with tile,belongs to Anatolia Seljukian period. Hızırbey Mosque which is placed in Eğirdir multi-columns but its main place so dark. All of that four mosques's, writings and pen-mode ornaments, were newly made in their lotely restoration. The construction has continued in Hamidoğulları district period (1300-1391) Isparta. The only mospue which belongs to this period is Hızırbey Mosque. But this mosque has lost his characterictics excep stones at minarets pills. It has one dome are minaret and last people place which is covered with three small dome. Pen-made ornaments inside mosque belong to last period. Good works were made during Ottoman period (1299-1923) in Isparta. Kutlubey Mosque firstly was built at 1429. It is a multi-dame mosque. It's pen-made ornaments are ampir style. Its writings are better than from other mosques. Firdevs Paşa Mosque (1598) which are belong to classic period have one dome. Firdevs Paşa Mosque has last people place with five dome and other has last people place with three dome. These two mosque ara made of cut rock. Hacı Abdi Mosque which is made in 1562 is also made of cut rock and its firt floor is used as a library. Main place is at the second floor only road to reach to harim is from outside and east side by ladder. Seferağa Mosque (1590) which has one done and it has last people place whith three small dome. This mosque is built in inclined hill and its walls was made of rough stone. Abdi Paşa Mosque (1783) specially has good porcelain inside place (harim). Pen-made ornaments of this mosque also belong to lasly restorations.
Isparta which has passed historical development as a three periods within Turkish centuries. First of those periods that is Anatolian Seljukion (1076-1380) has completel dominated Isparta and neighboor hood in 1204. Therefore religious and civilion building activities which are refatied constrvetion of that are a could started after this period. We are examined in this thesis four mosques among religious buildings belong to Seljukian period. Küçük Gökçeli Mosque (XIV. century), Alâaddin Mosque (1231), Hızırbey Mosque (XIV. century), Devlethan Mosque (XIV. century). Küçük Gökçeli Mosque's minaret has all characterictics of it's period. Alâaddin Mosque has multi-colums main place and covered from inside with clome and outside with tile,belongs to Anatolia Seljukian period. Hızırbey Mosque which is placed in Eğirdir multi-columns but its main place so dark. All of that four mosques's, writings and pen-mode ornaments, were newly made in their lotely restoration. The construction has continued in Hamidoğulları district period (1300-1391) Isparta. The only mospue which belongs to this period is Hızırbey Mosque. But this mosque has lost his characterictics excep stones at minarets pills. It has one dome are minaret and last people place which is covered with three small dome. Pen-made ornaments inside mosque belong to last period. Good works were made during Ottoman period (1299-1923) in Isparta. Kutlubey Mosque firstly was built at 1429. It is a multi-dame mosque. It's pen-made ornaments are ampir style. Its writings are better than from other mosques. Firdevs Paşa Mosque (1598) which are belong to classic period have one dome. Firdevs Paşa Mosque has last people place with five dome and other has last people place with three dome. These two mosque ara made of cut rock. Hacı Abdi Mosque which is made in 1562 is also made of cut rock and its firt floor is used as a library. Main place is at the second floor only road to reach to harim is from outside and east side by ladder. Seferağa Mosque (1590) which has one done and it has last people place whith three small dome. This mosque is built in inclined hill and its walls was made of rough stone. Abdi Paşa Mosque (1783) specially has good porcelain inside place (harim). Pen-made ornaments of this mosque also belong to lasly restorations.