Publication: Navlun komisyoncusu
Abstract
TEZ ÖZETİ Navlun komisyoncusu isimli yüksek lisans teziyle ,navlun komisyoncusunun Türk hukundaki hukuki durumu belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır.Geleneksel olarak navlun komisyoncusu müvekkilini temsilen yükün taşınması için gerekli düzenlemeleri yapan bir temsilci olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Yıllar içinde taşıma endüstrisinin gelişimi navlun komisyoncusuna artan sorumluluklar yüklemiş ve onu taşımayı sağlaması konusunda daha ilgili bir hale getirmiştir. Navlun komisyoncusu taşıma zincirinin önemli halkalarından biridir ve sorumluluğunun tamamen incelenmesi gerekir. Öncelikle faaliyetleri belirlenmiş ve daha sonra bu faaliyetler incelenmiştir. En önemli borcu taşıma zincirindeki, müvekkilinin sözleşme yapmak durumunda olduğu kişilerle onun hesabına sözleşme yapmaktır. Bunun dışında taşıma yöntemi ve güzergahı konusunda danışmanlık,ihracat ve ithalat bilgilerinin sağlanması, yükün varma yerine ulaşmasını sağlayacak belgelerin hazırlanması ve/ veya elden geçirilmesi faaliyetlerinden bazılarıdır. Gruplandırma hizmeti sayesinde bir çok yükün tek bir birimde toplanmasını sağlarlar. Böylece taşıma ücretinde indirim sağladıkları gibi arada oluşan farktan da kâr etme olanağı bulurlar. Bazı navlun komisyoncuları ambalajlama, ihracat için depolama ve yüklerin havaalanı veya limana taşınması veya buralardan teslim alınması hizmetlerini sağlarlar. Mukayeseli hukukta benzer faaliyetler incelenmiş ve İngiliz, Amerikan, Fransız, Belçika ve diğer bazı ülke hukuklarında durum belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Navlun komisyonculuğu sözleşmesinin hukuki niteliği belirlenerek ,navlun komisyoncusunun hakları ve borçları ortaya çıkarılmış ve son bölümde ise sorumluluk meselesi incelenmiştir
In this thesis we outline the legal position of freight forwarder in Turkish Law. Traditionaly the freight forwarder was regarded simply as an agent who makes arrengements necessary for the transport of goods on behalf of his costomer.Over the years ,however ,the devoloping complexity of the transport industry has meant that forwarder have undertaken increasing responsabilities and have become more and more involved in the provision of transport itself. Freight forwarders are important links in the chain of transport and their liabilities need to be fully considered. We begin with a discussion of tyepes of forwarding operations and go on to discuss the problem of classifying such operations .His principal role traditionaly has been to make contracts with all persons in the transport chain ,to whom his costomer would otherwise have to deal .In addition forwarders will offen advise on routes,provide export and import information and prapare and handle the documentation necessary to enable the goods to reach their destination .They have engaged in the grouping of consignement from several consignors into a single load to take advantage of bulk rates or discount offered by carriers. Forwarders also frequently provide services such as paking of goods ready for export ,warehousing and the collection and delivery of the goods to and from a port or airport. Similar activities have been studies in comperative law;furthermore the legal situation has been stated by Anglo -American,French,Belgian and other legal systems. The rights and obligations of freight forwarder have been clerified and liabilities problems have been explained,also stating the legal nature of the contract.
In this thesis we outline the legal position of freight forwarder in Turkish Law. Traditionaly the freight forwarder was regarded simply as an agent who makes arrengements necessary for the transport of goods on behalf of his costomer.Over the years ,however ,the devoloping complexity of the transport industry has meant that forwarder have undertaken increasing responsabilities and have become more and more involved in the provision of transport itself. Freight forwarders are important links in the chain of transport and their liabilities need to be fully considered. We begin with a discussion of tyepes of forwarding operations and go on to discuss the problem of classifying such operations .His principal role traditionaly has been to make contracts with all persons in the transport chain ,to whom his costomer would otherwise have to deal .In addition forwarders will offen advise on routes,provide export and import information and prapare and handle the documentation necessary to enable the goods to reach their destination .They have engaged in the grouping of consignement from several consignors into a single load to take advantage of bulk rates or discount offered by carriers. Forwarders also frequently provide services such as paking of goods ready for export ,warehousing and the collection and delivery of the goods to and from a port or airport. Similar activities have been studies in comperative law;furthermore the legal situation has been stated by Anglo -American,French,Belgian and other legal systems. The rights and obligations of freight forwarder have been clerified and liabilities problems have been explained,also stating the legal nature of the contract.