Publication: İslam hukuku açısından gayrimüslim ülke kanunlarının bağlayıcılığı
Abstract
İSLAM HUKUKU AÇISINDAN GAYRİMÜSLİM ÜLKE KANUNLARININ BAĞLAYICILIĞI Günümüzde milyonlarca müslüman, gerek çoğunluk oldukları kendi ülkelerinde gerekse azınlık oldukları gayrimüslim ülkelerde, gayrimüslimlere ait olan ya da dayanağı İslam olmayan kanunlara muhatap olmaktadırlar. Müslümanların dinî hassasiyetinin, pozitif hukukun şekillendirdiği hayatın gerçekleri ile karşılaştığı; bu ikisi arasındaki ilişkinin, uyum, gerilim veya çatışma şeklinde kendini gösterdiği örneklerle sık sık karşılaşabilmekteyiz. Bu hususta sahip olunacak doğru bilgi, hayatî bir önem arz etmekte olup İslâm dini ile pozitif hukuk arasındaki uyum, gerilim veya çatışmaların varlığı ve niteliği hususunda belirleyici bir mahiyete sahiptir. Çalışmamızda, bütün insanlığı bağlayan ortak değerlerin bulunup bulunmadığı ve bu değerlerin dünyevî ve/ veya uhrevî bir sorumluluğa temel teşkil edip edemeyeceği; dinî emir ve yasakların ne kadarının, ne düzeyde bir hukukî bağlayıcılığa sahip olduğu; içinde bulunulan ülkenin, kanunların bağlayıcılığını etkileyip etkilemediği; bu zikredilenlere ve İslam hukukunun diğer –temel- kurallarına bağlı olarak, referans noktası İslam olmayan kanunların Müslümanlar üzerinde bağlayıcı olup olmadığı; modern hukuk ve tarihsel bağlam dikkate alınarak İslam hukuk literatürü çerçevesinde cevaplandırılmaya çalışılmıştır. lke, dârülharp, dârülküfr, dârülislâm, müslüman, gayrimüslim, hukuk, kanun, bağlayıcılık, geçerlilik, teklif, hüküm
THE BINDINGNESS OF THE LAWS OF NON-MUSLIM STATES FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ISLAMIC LAW Nowadays, millions of Muslims deal with laws belonging to Non-Muslims or being not based on Islam in their own countries where they live as majority as well as in Non-Muslim countries where they live as minority. Quite frequently, we may encounter examples, where the religious sensibility of Muslims is confronted with the facts of life shaped by positive law and where the relationship between both of these matters manifests itself in accord, tension or conflicts. In regard of this issue, the possession of correct knowledge is of vital importance, i.e. it has a determinative character in terms of the existence and quality of said accord, tension or conflicts between the Religion of Islam and the positive law. In our study, in considering modern law and historical context, it has been endeavored to find answers, within the frame of Islamic Law literature, to questions such as whether there are any common values binding the entire humanity and whether such values may constitute a base for a secular and/ or ethereal responsibility, how many of the religious orders and prohibitions have a legal bindingness at which level, whether the country an individual lives in has influence on the bindingness of the laws, and whether laws with a reference point being not Islam are binding for Muslims on grounds of the issues mentioned above as well as other – basic – rules of Islamic Law. Islam, state, dar al-harb, dar al-kufr, dar al-Islam, muslim, non-muslim, law, validity, bindingness, hukm, taklif, obligation
THE BINDINGNESS OF THE LAWS OF NON-MUSLIM STATES FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ISLAMIC LAW Nowadays, millions of Muslims deal with laws belonging to Non-Muslims or being not based on Islam in their own countries where they live as majority as well as in Non-Muslim countries where they live as minority. Quite frequently, we may encounter examples, where the religious sensibility of Muslims is confronted with the facts of life shaped by positive law and where the relationship between both of these matters manifests itself in accord, tension or conflicts. In regard of this issue, the possession of correct knowledge is of vital importance, i.e. it has a determinative character in terms of the existence and quality of said accord, tension or conflicts between the Religion of Islam and the positive law. In our study, in considering modern law and historical context, it has been endeavored to find answers, within the frame of Islamic Law literature, to questions such as whether there are any common values binding the entire humanity and whether such values may constitute a base for a secular and/ or ethereal responsibility, how many of the religious orders and prohibitions have a legal bindingness at which level, whether the country an individual lives in has influence on the bindingness of the laws, and whether laws with a reference point being not Islam are binding for Muslims on grounds of the issues mentioned above as well as other – basic – rules of Islamic Law. Islam, state, dar al-harb, dar al-kufr, dar al-Islam, muslim, non-muslim, law, validity, bindingness, hukm, taklif, obligation