Publication: Orta mesafe yüzücülerinde farklı kulaç sıklığı alıştırmalarının performansa etkisi : The Effects for middle distance swimmers on performance of different stroke frequency practices
Abstract
1.ÖZET Çalışmamız 200m serbest yüzücülerinin azaltılmış kol sıklığı alıştırmalarının performansa etkilerini araştırmaktır. Çalışmamızı deney ve kontrol grubunda altışar olmak üzere toplam 12 erkek yüzücü ile gerçekleştirdik. Alıştırmalarımıza deney grubunda yaşları 15,05 yıl ± 0,45, kontrol grubunda yaşları 15,27±1,04 olan 12erkek yüzücü sekiz hafta boyunca sürdürülüp yüzücülerin performansları kara ve suda olmak üzere ön ve son test olarak iki aşamalı değerlendirildi. Kara testleri iki bölümden oluşmaktadır. Yüzücülerin fiziksel performanslarını ölçmede iki dakika yüzme ergometre testi, fizyolojik kapasitelerini değerlendirmede kademeli bisiklet ergometresi testi uygulanmıştır. İki dakika yüzme ergometre testinde sporcuların her kolda ürettikleri ortalama güç Weba Expert® yazılımı ile sürekli kaydedildi. Kademeli bisiklet ergometresi testi süresince sporcuların kalp atım sayıları, oksijen alımları ve karbondioksit atımları sürekli kayıt edildi (Zan® Ergospirometre). maxVO2 değerleri Zan® yazılımı ve Wasserman® diyagramlarıyla belirlenmiştir. Suda Aquanex yüzme performans analiz cihazı ile 50m kol ve 200m kol, 200m yüzme ve dirençli yüzme testleri gerçekleştirildi. Aquanex testinde sporcuların sağ ve sol kolların ürettikleri kuvvet, kolun sudaki çekiş süreleri, 50m, 200m kol, 200m yüzme ve iki dakika dirençli kol, bitiriş süreleri, kol sayıları, kol sıklılıkları kaydedilmiştir. Yapılan korelasyon analizinde yüzücülerin ergometre bulguları ve Aquanex ile yapılan ölçümlerin sağ ve sol kol ortalalama güç verileri arasında anlamlı ilişkisi (p<0,05), yüzücülerin her kolda kat edilen mesafe ile kol sayısı arasında yüksek derecede negatif anlamlı ilişkisi görülmüştür (p<0,01). Ön ve son test değerleri deney grubu yüzme ergometresi ortalama kuvvet bulgularında anlamlı bir fark (p<0,05) saptanmıştır. Yüzme ergometresinde de sağ ve sol kol ortalama güç arasında anlamlı ilişki saptanmıştır (p<0,01). Sekiz haftalık alıştırma döneminde 200m kol ve yüzme testleri verilerine göre deney grubu yüzücüleri dereceleri anlamlı bir gelişim gösterirken (p<0,05) kol sayılarında anlamlı bir fark oluşmamıştır. Sekiz hafta boyunca yapılan alıştırmalar neticesinde deney grubunda farklılıklar saptanmasına rağmen kontrol grubuna göre istatistiksel anlamda performans artışı saptanamamıştır. zme, hız, kol sayısı, kol sıklığı, kol boyu
The Effects for Middle Distance Swimmers on Performance of Diffrent Stroke Frequency Practices. The purpose of our study was to investigate the effects of drills based on fewer strokes on swimming performance and improve the performances of 200m freestyle swimmers through these drills. The study was conducted with one control and one experiment group with 6 swimmers each. The drills were practiced for 8 weeks and the performances of the swimmers were evaluated both on land and in water in two stages; before and after the 8 week period. The tests on land had two parts; a two minute ergometer test to observe the physical performances of the swimmers and a bicycle ergometer test with different degrees to evaluate their physiological capacities. During the 2 minute ergometer test the force created per stroke was recorded continuously using the program Weba Expert®. During bicycle ergometer test the heart rates, oxygen intakes, carbon dioxide outlets of the swimmers were recorded (Zan® Ergospirometre). MaxVO2 and anaerobic threshold values were obtained using the program Zan®, Wasserman® diagrams. Tests in the water were conducted using an Aquanex swimming performance analysis machine. These tests were consisted of 200m pull, 200m swim and resisted swim. During tests the recorded data were the forces created by the left and right arm strokes, stroke times in the water, 50m split times, stroke counts and stroke frequencies. Through an analysis of correlation between the ergometer data, a highly negative relation was observed between force created by left and right arm (p<0,05), the stroke length and the number of strokes (p<0,01). A logical relation between tempo and force could not be found (p<0,05). A relation was observed in swimming ergometer between the average force created by the left and the right arm (p<0,05). During the 8 week drill practice period, the data from the 200m pull and swim tests show that the times of the experiment group swimmers improved statistical significant (p<0,05) while there was no significant change in their stroke counts. Although the data from the experiment group show improvement within the 8 week period, a significant increase in performance in comparison with the control group could not be found. Key Words: Swimming, speed, stroke frequency, stroke length, distance per stroke
The Effects for Middle Distance Swimmers on Performance of Diffrent Stroke Frequency Practices. The purpose of our study was to investigate the effects of drills based on fewer strokes on swimming performance and improve the performances of 200m freestyle swimmers through these drills. The study was conducted with one control and one experiment group with 6 swimmers each. The drills were practiced for 8 weeks and the performances of the swimmers were evaluated both on land and in water in two stages; before and after the 8 week period. The tests on land had two parts; a two minute ergometer test to observe the physical performances of the swimmers and a bicycle ergometer test with different degrees to evaluate their physiological capacities. During the 2 minute ergometer test the force created per stroke was recorded continuously using the program Weba Expert®. During bicycle ergometer test the heart rates, oxygen intakes, carbon dioxide outlets of the swimmers were recorded (Zan® Ergospirometre). MaxVO2 and anaerobic threshold values were obtained using the program Zan®, Wasserman® diagrams. Tests in the water were conducted using an Aquanex swimming performance analysis machine. These tests were consisted of 200m pull, 200m swim and resisted swim. During tests the recorded data were the forces created by the left and right arm strokes, stroke times in the water, 50m split times, stroke counts and stroke frequencies. Through an analysis of correlation between the ergometer data, a highly negative relation was observed between force created by left and right arm (p<0,05), the stroke length and the number of strokes (p<0,01). A logical relation between tempo and force could not be found (p<0,05). A relation was observed in swimming ergometer between the average force created by the left and the right arm (p<0,05). During the 8 week drill practice period, the data from the 200m pull and swim tests show that the times of the experiment group swimmers improved statistical significant (p<0,05) while there was no significant change in their stroke counts. Although the data from the experiment group show improvement within the 8 week period, a significant increase in performance in comparison with the control group could not be found. Key Words: Swimming, speed, stroke frequency, stroke length, distance per stroke