Publication: Ehliyetler bakımından sakat ve özürlülerin ibadet mükellefiyeti
Abstract
Kur’an’a göre her insan, Allah’ın insana teklif ettiği dine ve bu dinin itikadi esaslarına inanmakla mükelleftir. Dinin ahlaki ve ameli esasları ise doğal olarak ancak bu dine ve bu dinin inanç esaslarına inanan insanlara teklif edilmiştir. Bunun yanı sıra, Kur’an’da açıklanmış bütün esaslarla mükellefiyetin ve bu mükellef olunan şeylerin eda edilmelerinin bir takım şartları ve kaideleri bulunmaktadır. İbadetler, ameli hükümlerdendir. Bu hükümlerin mükellefiyet şartları yanında, bunların eda edilmelerinin de bir takım şartları vardır. Ve bu ameli tekliflerin eda edilmesi mükellefiyeti, ancak ilgili şartların mevcudiyetiyle söz konusu olabilmektedir. Şartların bulunmaması ya da bulunduğu halde sonradan herhangi bir sebeple ortadan kalkmaları durumunda, Kur’an’da açıklanan hükümlerin kabul ve eda zorunluluğu geçici veya sürekli olarak ortadan kalkmaktadır. Bu esaslar çerçevesinde sakat ve özürlülerin, Allah hakları olarak kabul edilen ibadetlerle sorumluluklarının, bu ibadetleri eda edebilme güçleri oranında düzenlenmesi söz konusudur. “Allah’ın hiç kimseye gücünün üzerinde sorumluluk teklif etmeyeceğini” ifade eden ayet ve diğer nasslar, bedensel ve zihinsel özürlülük halinde, kişinin ibadetlerini yerine getirirken durumuna göre kendisine kolaylıklar tanındığını bildirir.
According to the Quran each person is obliged to believe in the religion offered by Allah and the basics of that religious belief. The moral and practical basics are naturally only offered to that religion and the people who believe in the principals of belief in that religion. Furthermore all the basics and the obligations explained in the Quran and performing those obligatory things have some conditions and rules. Worships are one of the performance rules besides the obligatory conditions of these rules there are also same rules about performing them, and the obligation about acting these performance offers, is only possible by the presence of the relevant conditions. In case the absence of the relevant conditions disappearence of them in time by any reason. The obligation of accepting and performing the rules explained in the Quran disappears temporary or permanently. Due to these basics, the worships and the responsibilities of the disabled and the handicapped which are accepted as their rights for the Allah are arranged according to the proportion of their strength to be able to perform these worships. The other verses of the Quran which express “Allah will never offer one responsibilities beyond his/ her power” shows that people with physical or mental disabilities are given same facilities accordingly when performing their worships one by one.
According to the Quran each person is obliged to believe in the religion offered by Allah and the basics of that religious belief. The moral and practical basics are naturally only offered to that religion and the people who believe in the principals of belief in that religion. Furthermore all the basics and the obligations explained in the Quran and performing those obligatory things have some conditions and rules. Worships are one of the performance rules besides the obligatory conditions of these rules there are also same rules about performing them, and the obligation about acting these performance offers, is only possible by the presence of the relevant conditions. In case the absence of the relevant conditions disappearence of them in time by any reason. The obligation of accepting and performing the rules explained in the Quran disappears temporary or permanently. Due to these basics, the worships and the responsibilities of the disabled and the handicapped which are accepted as their rights for the Allah are arranged according to the proportion of their strength to be able to perform these worships. The other verses of the Quran which express “Allah will never offer one responsibilities beyond his/ her power” shows that people with physical or mental disabilities are given same facilities accordingly when performing their worships one by one.