Publication: Islamophobia in British newspapers : the role of the christchurch attack
Abstract
İngiliz basınında Müslümanların nasıl temsil edildiği son yıllarda ok sayıda araştırmacı tarafından incelenmiştir. Bu alışmaların büyük oğunluğu, zellikle 11 Eylül saldırılarından sonra, İngiliz basınında Müslümanların ve İslam'ın olumsuz bir şekilde temsil edilmesinin ciddi bir oranda artışına vurgu yaptı. Fakat bu alışma, diğer alışmalardan farklı olarak, İngiliz gazetelerindeki İslamofobi derecesinin Christchurch saldırısından bu yana nasıl değiştiğine işaret etmektedir. Bu alışma i in gerekli veriler, İngiliz gazetelerinin kamuya a ık evrimi i arşivleri aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. The Independent, The Guardian ve The Sun gazeteleri bu araştırma i in ama lı rnekleme y ntemi ile se ilmiştir. Christchurch saldırısından ü ay nce ve ü ay sonra yayımlanan haber metinleri ve k şe yazıları İslam, İslamofobi, aşırı sağ, Müslüman, ter r, ter r saldırısı, mülteci ve g men gibi anahtar terimler vasıtasıyla belirlendi. Belirlenen bu haber metinleri ve k şe yazıları analiz edildi. Haber metinleri ve k şe yazılarına ek olarak g rseller de analiz edildi. İslamofobi ve medya arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek i in karşılaştırmalı siyaset kuramlarından kurumsalcılık kullanıldı. Bu bağlamda, bu alışma, İngiliz medyasında patika bağımlılığının Christchurch saldırısının sebep olduğu dışsal şok ile beraber kırılmasına yol a tığını iddia etmektedir. Bu alışmanın temel amacı İngiliz gazetelerindeki İslamofobi derecesindeki değişimin sebeplerini tespit etmektir.
Many researchers in recent years have studied the representation of Muslims in British media. Most of these studies put emphasis on the dramatic increase of representation of Muslims and Islam in a negative way in the British media, especially after the 9/ 11 attacks. However, this research points out how the degree of Islamophobia in the journalistic reporting of the British newspapers has changed since the Christchurch attack in March 2019. The required data for this research was gathered through publicly available online archives of British daily newspapers. The Independent, The Guardian, and The Sun were chosen for this research through the purposive sampling method. The news articles and op-eds written between three months before and after the Christchurch terrorist attack were analyzed by searching key terms as ‘Islam,’ ‘Islamophobia,’ ‘Islamist,’ ‘Extremist,’ ‘Far-right,’ ‘Muslim,’ ‘terror,’ ‘terrorist attack,’ ‘refugee’ and ‘migrant’. In addition to the news articles and op-eds, visuals were also analyzed. Furthermore, the institutionalist theory of comparative politics is used to examine the relationship between Islamophobia and mass media manipulation. In this context, this research argues that the path dependency of British media was broken with the exogenous shock of the Christchurch attack. The primary purpose of this research is to ascertain the causes of a particular situation which is the changing degree of Islamophobia in the journalistic reporting of the UK newspapers.
Many researchers in recent years have studied the representation of Muslims in British media. Most of these studies put emphasis on the dramatic increase of representation of Muslims and Islam in a negative way in the British media, especially after the 9/ 11 attacks. However, this research points out how the degree of Islamophobia in the journalistic reporting of the British newspapers has changed since the Christchurch attack in March 2019. The required data for this research was gathered through publicly available online archives of British daily newspapers. The Independent, The Guardian, and The Sun were chosen for this research through the purposive sampling method. The news articles and op-eds written between three months before and after the Christchurch terrorist attack were analyzed by searching key terms as ‘Islam,’ ‘Islamophobia,’ ‘Islamist,’ ‘Extremist,’ ‘Far-right,’ ‘Muslim,’ ‘terror,’ ‘terrorist attack,’ ‘refugee’ and ‘migrant’. In addition to the news articles and op-eds, visuals were also analyzed. Furthermore, the institutionalist theory of comparative politics is used to examine the relationship between Islamophobia and mass media manipulation. In this context, this research argues that the path dependency of British media was broken with the exogenous shock of the Christchurch attack. The primary purpose of this research is to ascertain the causes of a particular situation which is the changing degree of Islamophobia in the journalistic reporting of the UK newspapers.