Publication: Furûk edebiyatının Ulûmu'l-Kur'ân'daki yeri
Abstract
Furûk edebiyatının Ulûmu'l-Kur'ân'daki yeri Furûk, “Birtakım tekniklerle eş anlamlı (müterâdif) ve yakın anlamlı (mütekârib) kelimeler arasındaki nüansları tespit ederek her bir kelimeye diğerine karşı özel bir kimlik belirleyen ilim dalı” olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Daha vecîz bir ifadeyle ise furûk, “lafızları farklı, anlamları yakın kelimeler arasındaki nüansların tespiti” demektir. Çalışmamızda, bir Kur’ân özelliği ve gerçeği olarak değerlendirilen furûkun ulûmu’l-Kur’ân’daki yeri tespite çalışılmıştır. Bir başka deyişle, “Furûk, bir Kur’ân ilmi olarak kabul edilebilir mi? Eğer kabul edilebilirse, bu ilim mevcut Kur’ân ilimlerinden biri altında mı değerlendirilmeli, yoksa (müstakil) bir Kur’ân ilmi olarak mı ele alınmalıdır?” sorularına cevap aranmıştır. İlk bölümünde genel hatlarıyla furûk ilminin incelendiği çalışmamızda ikinci bölüm tamamen bu konuya hasredilmiş olup üç ana başlıkta ele alınmıştır. “Bir ilmin evvela pratiği sunulur, sonra da nazariyâtı oluşur” anlayışıyla, ilk olarak furûkun tefsirlerde (pratik olarak) işlenişi incelenip tefsirlerden furûk örnekleri sunulmuş; ikinci olarak da furûka ulûmu’l-Kur’ân eserlerinde (nazarî olarak) yer verilip verilmediği araştırılıp yer verildiyse nerede, nasıl ve ne ölçüde yer verildiği ortaya konulmuştur. Üçüncü olarak ise furûkun diğer Kur’ân ilimleriyle münâsebeti incelenip onlar karşısındaki konumu netleştirilmiş, akabinde de Kur’ân ilmi olma imkânı çerçevesinde “Kur’ân ve ulûmu’l-Kur’ân” ile “Arap dili ve furûk” açılarından çeşitli argümanlar sunulmuştur. Böylelikle furûkun; Kur’ân ilmi olarak kabulünün önünde herhangi bir engelin bulunmadığı, Kur’ân ilmi olma noktasında her türlü vasfı hâiz olduğu ve dâhi Kur’ân ilmi olarak kabulünün ilmî bir ihtiyaç ve gereklilik olduğu ortaya konularak ulûmu’l-Kur’ân literatüründe (müstakil) bir Kur’ân ilmi olarak yerini alması gerektiği savunulmuştur.
The place of furuq literature in Ulum al-Qur’an Furuq is defined as “the branch of knowledge that determines a unique identity for each word by identifying the nuances between synonymous (mutaradif) and near-synonymous (mutakarib) words through a number of techniques.” More succinctly, furuq means “the identification of nuances between words with different wordings but similar meanings.” This study attempts to determine the place of furuq, considered a characteristic and reality of the Qur’an, in the ulum al-Qur’an. In other words, we seek to answer the questions, “Can furuq be considered a Qur’anic science? If so, should this science be considered under one of the existing Qur’anic sciences, or should it be considered an independent Qur’anic science?” In our study where the first part examines the science of furuq in general terms, the second part is entirely devoted to this subject and is discussed under three main headings. With the understanding that “first the practice of a science is presented, and then its theory is formed”, firstly the (practical) treatment of furuq in tafsir (exegesis) and examples of furuq from tafsir (exegesis); secondly, it is investigated whether or not furuq is included (theoretically) in works of ulum al-Qur’an (scholarly scholars of the Qur’an), and if so, where, how, and to what extent it is included is revealed. Thirdly, the relationship of furuq with other sciences of the Qur’an is examined and its position vis-a-vis them is clarified, and subsequently, various arguments are presented within the framework of the possibility of furuq being a science of the Qur’an from the perspectives of “the Qur’an and ulum al-Qur’an” and “Arabic language and furuq”. Thus, furuq; It has been argued that there is no obstacle to its acceptance as a science of the Qur’an, that it possesses all the qualities of a science of the Qur’an, and that its acceptance as a science of the Qur’an is a scientific need and necessity. Therefore, it should take its place as an independent science of the Qur’an in the literature of the sciences of the Qur’an.
The place of furuq literature in Ulum al-Qur’an Furuq is defined as “the branch of knowledge that determines a unique identity for each word by identifying the nuances between synonymous (mutaradif) and near-synonymous (mutakarib) words through a number of techniques.” More succinctly, furuq means “the identification of nuances between words with different wordings but similar meanings.” This study attempts to determine the place of furuq, considered a characteristic and reality of the Qur’an, in the ulum al-Qur’an. In other words, we seek to answer the questions, “Can furuq be considered a Qur’anic science? If so, should this science be considered under one of the existing Qur’anic sciences, or should it be considered an independent Qur’anic science?” In our study where the first part examines the science of furuq in general terms, the second part is entirely devoted to this subject and is discussed under three main headings. With the understanding that “first the practice of a science is presented, and then its theory is formed”, firstly the (practical) treatment of furuq in tafsir (exegesis) and examples of furuq from tafsir (exegesis); secondly, it is investigated whether or not furuq is included (theoretically) in works of ulum al-Qur’an (scholarly scholars of the Qur’an), and if so, where, how, and to what extent it is included is revealed. Thirdly, the relationship of furuq with other sciences of the Qur’an is examined and its position vis-a-vis them is clarified, and subsequently, various arguments are presented within the framework of the possibility of furuq being a science of the Qur’an from the perspectives of “the Qur’an and ulum al-Qur’an” and “Arabic language and furuq”. Thus, furuq; It has been argued that there is no obstacle to its acceptance as a science of the Qur’an, that it possesses all the qualities of a science of the Qur’an, and that its acceptance as a science of the Qur’an is a scientific need and necessity. Therefore, it should take its place as an independent science of the Qur’an in the literature of the sciences of the Qur’an.