Publication: Çağdaş sanatta beden algısı “1960 sonrası bedene merleau-ponty ile bakmak”
Abstract
Algı, Beden, Performans, Fenomenoloji, Çağdaş Sanat ÖZET Bu çalışmada, 1960 sonrasında üretilen sanatta, hem özne hem de nesne olmuş bedenin, kullanım biçiminin dayandığı meseleler; Fransız felsefeci Merleau-Ponty’nin ontolojik-fenomenolojik bir araştırmayla ele aldığı, insanların dünyayı algılama alışkanlıkları bütününde incelenmiştir. Araştırmada, 1960’tan günümüze kadar geçen dönemde bedenin özne ve nesne konumundaki varlığı, hem performans sanatı içinde hem de salt nesne olduğu üretimlerde incelenmiştir. Bedenin salt bir biyolojik konu olmaktan çıkıp felsefi tartışmanın merkezine yerleştiği Merleau-Ponty felsefesine geçmeden önce antik çağın temsilcilerinden Platon ve Aristoteles’in ruh ve beden hakkında savundukları hatırlanarak Merleau-Ponty ile ortaklıkları ve farklılıkları saptanmıştır. Sonrasında Modern çağın en önemli felsefecisi Descartes’in beden algısı hakkında söylediklerini izlenmiş ve Merleau-Ponty, ile sürekli karşı karşıya geldiği noktalar tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmanın son bölümünde ise fenomenolojik bir okumayla söz konusu dönem boyunca yapılan çeşitli beden sanatı pratikleri; Merleau-Ponty’nin, bedeni özne ve nesne bütünlüğü içinde yeniden devreye soktuğu; algıyla, duyumla, deneyimle dünya ile girdiği ilişkiyi “beden felsefesi” zemininde değerlendirdiği bakışla okunmuştur. Perception, Body, Performance Art, Phenomenology, Contemporary Art
In this study, the issues based on the use of the body, as a subject and object, in the art from after 1960, are analysed to take a closer look at the habit of people to perceive the world, with reference to the ontological -phenomenological research by the French philosopher Merleau-Ponty. In this research, the entity of the body, as a subject and object, from 1960 to the present day, is analysed, both in the art performance and in the creations where this one is only an object. Before focusing on the philosophy of Merlau-Ponty where the body is not anymore a biological subject but the center of a philosophical debate, the commonalities and differences between Merleau-Ponty and the antique age thinkers Platon and Aristoteles -by remembering their arguments regarding the soul and body- are itentified. Afterwards, the thoughts of the most important philosopher of modern age, Descartes, regarding the conception of the body were followed and their continual opposition with Merleau-Ponty characterized. In the last part of this research, body art practices which are made through the entire period with a phenomenological perspective; Merleau-Ponty's way of putting the body in place again with the entirety of subject and object; was read with sense, speculation, experience to focus on his relationship with the world, which he evaluated within the frame of body philosophy .
In this study, the issues based on the use of the body, as a subject and object, in the art from after 1960, are analysed to take a closer look at the habit of people to perceive the world, with reference to the ontological -phenomenological research by the French philosopher Merleau-Ponty. In this research, the entity of the body, as a subject and object, from 1960 to the present day, is analysed, both in the art performance and in the creations where this one is only an object. Before focusing on the philosophy of Merlau-Ponty where the body is not anymore a biological subject but the center of a philosophical debate, the commonalities and differences between Merleau-Ponty and the antique age thinkers Platon and Aristoteles -by remembering their arguments regarding the soul and body- are itentified. Afterwards, the thoughts of the most important philosopher of modern age, Descartes, regarding the conception of the body were followed and their continual opposition with Merleau-Ponty characterized. In the last part of this research, body art practices which are made through the entire period with a phenomenological perspective; Merleau-Ponty's way of putting the body in place again with the entirety of subject and object; was read with sense, speculation, experience to focus on his relationship with the world, which he evaluated within the frame of body philosophy .