Publication: STEM eğitiminin ilkokul dördüncü sınıf fen bilimleri dersinde öğrencilerin bilimsel yaratıcılık, girişimcilik ve 21. yüzyıl öğrenme ve yenilenme becerileri üzerindeki etkisi
Abstract
Bu araştırmanın amacı, STEM eğitiminin ilkokul dördüncü sınıf fen bilimleri dersinde öğrencilerin bilimsel yaratıcılıklarına, girişimcilik ile 21. yüzyıl öğrenme ve yenilenme becerilerine etkisini belirlemek, aynı zamanda öğrencilerin STEM eğitimine ilişkin görüşlerini incelemektir. Araştırmada karma araştırma desenlerinden yakınsayan paralel desen kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın nicel kısmında ön test-son test kontrol gruplu yarı deneysel desenden, nitel kısmında ise olgu bilim deseninden yararlanılmıştır. Çalışma grubu kolay ulaşılabilir örnekleme yöntemine göre seçilmiş olup 2021-2022 eğitim-öğretim yılında, İstanbul ili Arnavutköy ilçesindeki bir devlet ilkokulunda bulunan 73 dördüncü sınıf öğrencisinden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada nicel veri toplama aracı olarak “Bilimsel Yaratıcılık Ölçeği”, “Dördüncü Sınıf Öğrencilerine Yönelik Girişimcilik Ölçeği” ve “21. Yüzyıl Öğrenme ve Yenilenme Becerileri Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Nitel verilerin toplanmasında ise “Yarı Yapılandırılmış Görüşme Formu”, “Yansıtıcı Öğrenci Günlükleri” ve “Araştırmacı Günlükleri” kullanılmıştır. Nicel veriler bir istatistik paket kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Nicel verilerin analizinde varsayımların sağlanma koşulu aranarak bağımlı gruplar t-testi, split-plot ANOVA ve basit etki analizinden yararlanılmıştır. Gerçekleştirilen tüm istatistiksel analizlere yönelik anlamlılık düzeyinin incelenmesinin yanı sıra etki büyüklüğü de araştırılmıştır. Nitel veriler ise içerik analizi ile analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen bulgulara göre ilkokul dördüncü sınıf fen bilimleri dersinde gerçekleştirilen STEM eğitiminin öğrencilerin bilimsel yaratıcılık düzeylerini olumlu etkilediği sonucuna varılmıştır. Her iki grup (deney ve kontrol) öğrencilerinin bilimsel yaratıcılık düzey puanları artış göstermesine rağmen yalnızca deney grubu lehine istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık tespit edilmiştir. Tespit edilen bu anlamlı artışın etki büyüklüğü orta düzeydedir. Nitel verilerden elde edilen bulgular da nicel bulguları destekler niteliktedir. Araştırmanın bir diğer bulgusu da STEM eğitiminin dördüncü sınıf öğrencilerinin girişimcilik ile 21. yüzyıl öğrenme ve yenilenme beceri düzeyleri üzerinde anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olmadığıdır. Araştırmanın nitel verilerinden elde edilen kodların çoğunlukla olumlu olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Her ne kadar nicel bulgularla paralellik göstermese de nitel bulgulara göre STEM eğitimi etkinliklerinin öğrencilerin girişimcilik ile 21. yüzyıl öğrenme ve yenilenme becerilerini olumlu yönde etkilediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
The aim of the study is to determine the effect of STEM education on students’ scientific creativity, entrepreneurship, and 21st-century learning and innovation skills in the fourth-grade science lessons in primary school, and to examine students’ views on STEM education. Convergent parallel design, one of the mixed research designs, was used in the study. In the quantitative part of the study, a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest control group was used, and in the qualitative part, phenomenological research design was used. The study group was selected based on the convenience sampling method and consisted of 73 fourth-grade students in a public primary school in Arnavutköy district of Istanbul in the 2021-2022 academic year. In the study, the “Scientific Creativity Scale”, “Entrepreneurship Scale for Fourth Grade Students” and “21st Century Learning and Innovation Skills Scale” were used as quantitative data collection tools. “Semi-structured Interview Forms”, “Reflective Student Diaries” and “Researcher Diaries” were used to collect qualitative data. Quantitative data were analyzed using a statistical package program. In the analysis of the quantitative data, dependent groups t-test, split-plot ANOVA, and simple effect analyses were utilized by looking for the conditions of meeting the assumptions. In addition to examining the significance level for all statistical analyses, the effect size was also investigated. Qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis. According to the findings obtained as a result of the research, it was concluded that STEM education in primary school fourth-grade science lesson positively affected the scientific creativity levels of students. Although the scientific creativity level scores of both groups (experimental and control) students increased, a statistically significant difference was found only in favor of the experimental group. The effect size of this significant increase was moderate. The findings obtained from qualitative data also support the quantitative findings. Another finding of the study was that STEM education did not have a significant effect on fourth grade students’ entrepreneurship and 21st-century learning and innovation skill levels. It was determined that the codes obtained from the qualitative data of the study were mostly positive. Although not in parallel with the quantitative findings, according to the qualitative findings, it was concluded that STEM education activities positively affected students’ entrepreneurship and 21st-century learning and innovation skills.
The aim of the study is to determine the effect of STEM education on students’ scientific creativity, entrepreneurship, and 21st-century learning and innovation skills in the fourth-grade science lessons in primary school, and to examine students’ views on STEM education. Convergent parallel design, one of the mixed research designs, was used in the study. In the quantitative part of the study, a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest control group was used, and in the qualitative part, phenomenological research design was used. The study group was selected based on the convenience sampling method and consisted of 73 fourth-grade students in a public primary school in Arnavutköy district of Istanbul in the 2021-2022 academic year. In the study, the “Scientific Creativity Scale”, “Entrepreneurship Scale for Fourth Grade Students” and “21st Century Learning and Innovation Skills Scale” were used as quantitative data collection tools. “Semi-structured Interview Forms”, “Reflective Student Diaries” and “Researcher Diaries” were used to collect qualitative data. Quantitative data were analyzed using a statistical package program. In the analysis of the quantitative data, dependent groups t-test, split-plot ANOVA, and simple effect analyses were utilized by looking for the conditions of meeting the assumptions. In addition to examining the significance level for all statistical analyses, the effect size was also investigated. Qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis. According to the findings obtained as a result of the research, it was concluded that STEM education in primary school fourth-grade science lesson positively affected the scientific creativity levels of students. Although the scientific creativity level scores of both groups (experimental and control) students increased, a statistically significant difference was found only in favor of the experimental group. The effect size of this significant increase was moderate. The findings obtained from qualitative data also support the quantitative findings. Another finding of the study was that STEM education did not have a significant effect on fourth grade students’ entrepreneurship and 21st-century learning and innovation skill levels. It was determined that the codes obtained from the qualitative data of the study were mostly positive. Although not in parallel with the quantitative findings, according to the qualitative findings, it was concluded that STEM education activities positively affected students’ entrepreneurship and 21st-century learning and innovation skills.
Description
Keywords
21. yüzyıl becerileri, 21st century-skills, Bilim, bilimsel yaratıcılık, entrepreneurship, fen bilimleri, girişimcilik, İlkokul öğrencileri, ilkokul STEM education, learning and innovation skills, Öğrenim ve öğretim, öğrenme ve yenilenme becerileri, primary school, Primary students, Science, scientific creativity, STEM education, STEM eğitimi, Study and teaching
