Publication: Urfa Vakıfları : (1850 – 1900)
Abstract
İnsanlığın kadîm şehirlerinden olan Urfa, tarih boyunca inanç ve medeniyetlerin kavşağında yer almıştır. Hz. İbrahim ile ilişkilendirilmesi onun ilahî dinler mensuplarınca kutsal addedilmesine sebep olmuştur. Osmanlı hâkimiyetine geçtikten sonra bu anlayışın bir sonucu olarak Kanunî ve IV. Murad gibi padişahlar başta olmak üzere devlet adamlarının ve halktan hayırsever insanların ilgisine ve vakıflar tesis etmelerine sebep olmuştur. 19. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında Urfa’da faal durumda olan vakıfları incelediğimiz bu çalışmamızda 230 vakfın Urfa’da mevcudiyeti tespit edilmiştir. Tanzimatın uygulanmaya başladığı, Urfa Evkaf Müdürlüğü’nün vakıfların iş ve işleyişi ile ilgili önemli düzenlemeleri yaptığı 19. yüzyılda günümüzde devlet eliyle yürütülen din hizmetleri, eğitim-öğretim, beledî hizmetler tümüyle vakıflar tarafından yürütülmekteydi. Vakıfların hizmet binaları şehri baştanbaşa kuşatmıştır. Şehrin ekonomisini canlı tutan çarşıları ve pazarları da yine vakıflar tarafından meydana getirilmiştir. Vakıflara ait bu alanlarda yürütülen ticarî ve sosyal faaliyetlerle çok sayıda insanın istihdamı gerçekleştirilerek vakıflar ekonomik hayata da önemli katkılarda bulunmuşlardır.
As an ancient city, Urfa has been in the midpoint of beliefs and civilizations throughout the history. Being a city that has been associated with Prophet Ibrahim has caused it to be ranked as holy by the believers of the divine religions. Because of this thought, it has received the interest of sultans like Suleyman the Magnificent and Murat IV and government officials along with philanthropists from the public and foundations have been established in the city. In this study, where we have investigated the active foundations in the second half of the 19th century, we have been able to detect 230 foundations. After the establishment of Urfa Foundations Department in the 19th century, it has done important arrangements to determine the cause and operations of the foundations which at the time offered the services that are now offered by the government, such as religious services, education, and municipal services. The service buildings of the foundations have completely surrounded the city. The marketplaces and bazaars that keep the economy of the city up and running have also been created by these foundations. Foundations have employed many people with these commercial and social activities and have had contributions in economic life.
As an ancient city, Urfa has been in the midpoint of beliefs and civilizations throughout the history. Being a city that has been associated with Prophet Ibrahim has caused it to be ranked as holy by the believers of the divine religions. Because of this thought, it has received the interest of sultans like Suleyman the Magnificent and Murat IV and government officials along with philanthropists from the public and foundations have been established in the city. In this study, where we have investigated the active foundations in the second half of the 19th century, we have been able to detect 230 foundations. After the establishment of Urfa Foundations Department in the 19th century, it has done important arrangements to determine the cause and operations of the foundations which at the time offered the services that are now offered by the government, such as religious services, education, and municipal services. The service buildings of the foundations have completely surrounded the city. The marketplaces and bazaars that keep the economy of the city up and running have also been created by these foundations. Foundations have employed many people with these commercial and social activities and have had contributions in economic life.