Publication: Türk tezhip sanatında XIV-XVI. yüzyıl mushaf gülleri
Abstract
Ortaasya’dan beri kitabı kutsal sayan ve kâgıt üretilen sehirlere dogru ayagını uzatıp yatmayan bir medeniyet, İslâmı kabul ettiginde, yerlesmis bir kitap kültürüne zâten sahipti. İnandıgı dinin kitabını yazarken ve bezerken, hatta malzemesini hazırlarken dahî azamî özen gösteren Türkler, ince bir zevke, gelismis bir sanata sahip oldularını göstermislerdir. Tezhip sanatının en ihtisamlı örneklerinin bulundugu mushaflarda, bezenen alanlardan birisi de bölünme yerleridir. Hz. Peygamber zamanından beri belli olan bu yerlere tezhip sanatının gelismesi ile birlikte tezyînî rozetler islenmistir. Bu rozetler, mushafın diger tezhipli alanları ile (zahriye, serlevha, sûrebası, hâtime sayfası) uyum içindedir. Kullanılan bezeme üslûbu, motif, desen ve renk anlayısı asısından bütünlük arzeder. Hattâ güllerin tezhip özelliklerine bakarak dönem tayini bile yapılabilir. Tezin konusu, bütün gül tiplerinin birarada bulundugu XIV. yüzyıldan baslayarak Osmanlı klâsik dönemi sonuna kadar (XVI. yüzyıl) olan üç yüz yıllık bir zaman diliminde bulunan 20 adet eser üzerinde arastırma yapılmıstır. Amaç ise, mushaf güllerinin tarihsel gelisimi takip etmek, sayfa düzeni ve görevlerine göre gülleri sınıflandırmak, kullanılan motif, desen, renk anlayısı açısından degerlendirmek ve kullanım alanlarını tesbit etmektir. 5 farklı kütüphane ve müzede mevcut bulunan XIV-XVI. yüzyıla ait, 20 eserin mushaf gülleri incelendi. Güllerde meydana gelen degisiklikler tesbit edilerek, kendi içinde ve diger mushaflarla karsılastırılması yapılmıstır. Tezhip sanatının tarihsel gelisimi ve ana malzememiz olan mushaf hakkında genel bilgi verilmistir. Katalog çalısmaları sayesinde, mushaf gülleri ile ilgili varılan neticeler, sonuç kısmında yeralmaktadır.
If we examine the history of illumination we can easily figure out the importance of Koran adornment. As a Central Asia culture Turks consider books as holy and they even do not lay their feet towards the cities which are paper producers. They have an inveterate book culture as they adapted to Islamism. Turks indicate their graceful and sophisticated art in writing and adorning their religious book and even in preparation of the material. The most magnificent samples of illumination are presented in Korans. The adornment style used in zahriye, title, subtitle, and epilogue were repeated in roses of Koran, also. So by examining the roses the time periiod can be figured out. The reason behind the chosen period of time as XIV. and XVI. centuries is that all the groups of roses were used at those periods. Besides, it also includes the classical period of ottoman and sultanate period which is impotant for illumination features. The subject matter of the Project is to examine the history of roses of Koran, to categorize them by page setup and the function, to evaluate them in the aspects of used motif, pattern and color concept and to determine the usage areas. The roses of twenty works of art were examined from five different libraries belonging to XIV-XVI. centuries. The changes in roses for three centuries were evaluated and were compared to after classical period and the early perio
If we examine the history of illumination we can easily figure out the importance of Koran adornment. As a Central Asia culture Turks consider books as holy and they even do not lay their feet towards the cities which are paper producers. They have an inveterate book culture as they adapted to Islamism. Turks indicate their graceful and sophisticated art in writing and adorning their religious book and even in preparation of the material. The most magnificent samples of illumination are presented in Korans. The adornment style used in zahriye, title, subtitle, and epilogue were repeated in roses of Koran, also. So by examining the roses the time periiod can be figured out. The reason behind the chosen period of time as XIV. and XVI. centuries is that all the groups of roses were used at those periods. Besides, it also includes the classical period of ottoman and sultanate period which is impotant for illumination features. The subject matter of the Project is to examine the history of roses of Koran, to categorize them by page setup and the function, to evaluate them in the aspects of used motif, pattern and color concept and to determine the usage areas. The roses of twenty works of art were examined from five different libraries belonging to XIV-XVI. centuries. The changes in roses for three centuries were evaluated and were compared to after classical period and the early perio