Publication: Zumba egzersizinin obezite problemi olan çocuklarda kardiyopulmoner sağlamlık ve kognitif fonksiyonlar üzerine etkilerinin araştırılması
Abstract
Amaç: Çalışmamızda obezitesi olan çocuklarda kronik zumba egzersizinin kardiyopulmoner sağlamlık ve kognitif fonksiyonlar üzerine etkilerinin araştırılması hedeflenmiştir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya 9-14 yaş aralığındaki obezite hastaları (n=36) ve sağlıklı kontroller (n=15) dahil edildi. Obezite hastaları egzersiz yapmayan grup (Obezite) ve egzersiz yapan grup (Obezite+Egzersiz) olarak ayrıldı. İki aşamalı olarak planlanan çalışmanın her aşamasında katılımcılar kan örnekleri, antropometrik ölçümler, kardiyopulmoner egzersiz testi (KPET), çocuklar için depresyon Ölçeği (ÇDÖ), çocuklar için durumluk-sürekli kaygı envanteri (ÇDSKE), SNAP-IV derecelendirme ölçeği, güçler-güçlükler anketi (GGA), MOXO Dikkat testi ve Wisconsin Kart Eşleme Testi (WKET) değerlendirilmesi için teste tabii tutuldu. Bazal ölçümler alındıktan sonra Obezite+Egzersiz grubu 14 hafta (5 gün/ hafta, 60 dakika/ gün) orta-yüksek şiddette zumba egzersizi programına katıldı. Bulgular: Obezite ve Kontrol gruplarının antropometrik ölçümleri ilk ölçüme kıyasla son ölçümde artarken (p<0,01) Obezite+Egzersiz grubunda bel çevresi inceldi (p<0,001), diğer ölçümlerinde ise anlamlı farklılık görülmedi. ÇDÖ ve ÇDSKE puanlarında Obezite+Egzersiz grubunda, egzersiz uygulamaları sonrası azalma (p<0,05) kaydedilirken, diğer gruplarda anlamlılık saptanmadı. Obezite+Egzersiz grubunda MOXO Dikkat testinde, zamanlama performansı ve şiddetinin seviyesinde, hiperaktivite ve dürtüsellik performansında iyileşme kaydedilirken (p<0,05) WKET’nde toplam doğru cevap (p<0,01), tamamlanan kategori (p<0,05), kavramsal düzey tepki yüzdesinde (p<0,01) artış; toplam hata (p<0,01, p<0,05), perseveratif tepki, perseveratif hata sayısında, perseveratif hata yüzdesinde (p<0,01) azalma saptandı. HbA1c (%) düştü, serum adiponektin düzeyi arttı (p<0,05), KPET’de anaerobik eşik oksijen tüketimi, %VO2 AT ulaşılan ve beklenen, dakika ventilasyonu, maksimum kalp hızı ve maksimum kalp hızı yüzdesi, VE/ VO2 arttı. Sonuç: Obez çocuklarda egzersiz antrenmanı ile vücut kompozisyonundaki bozulmanın önüne geçildiği, kardiyopulmoner sağlamlığın arttığı, depresyon ve anksiyete puanlarının azaldığı, dürtüsellik, zamanlama ve hiperaktivite performansında iyileşme ve bilişsel esneklikte artış gözlendiği saptandı.
Objective: The present study aimed to examine the effects of chronic Zumba exercise on cardiopulmonary fitness and cognitive functions in children with obesity. Material and Method: Obesity patients aged 9-14 years (n=36) and healthy controls (n=15) were included in the study. Obesity patients were divided into the non-exercise group (Obesity) and the exercise group (Obesity+Exercise). In each stage of the study, which was planned in two stages, participants were tested for blood samples, anthropometric measurements, cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAI-C), SNAP-IV rating scale, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), MOXO Attention Test and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). After baseline measurements were taken, the Obesity+Exercise group participated in a moderate-high intensity Zumba exercise program for 14 weeks (5 days/ week, 60 minutes/ day). Findings: While the anthropometric measurements of the Obesity and Control groups increased in the last measurement compared to the first measurement (p<0,01), waist circumference became thinner in the Obesity+Exercise group (p<0,001), and no significant difference was observed in the other measurements. In the Obesity+Exercise group, there was a decrease (p<0,05) in the CDI and STAI-C scores after exercise interventions, whereas no significance was found in the other groups. While in the Obesity+Exercise group, there was an improvement in the level of timing performance and severity, hyperactivity and impulsivity performance in the MOXO Attention test (p<0,05), an increase in total correct answers (p<0,01), completed category (p<0,05), and conceptual level response percentage (p<0.01), and decreased total errors (p<0,01, p<0,05), perseverative response, number of perseverative errors, and perseverative error percentage (p<0,01) in WCST. HbA1c (%) decreased, serum adiponectin level increased (p<0,05), anaerobic threshold oxygen consumption, VO2% AT reached and expected, minute ventilation, maximum heart rate, and percentage of maximum heart rate, VE/ VO2 increased in CPET. Conclusion: Exercise training was found to prevent body composition deterioration, increase cardiopulmonary fitness, decrease depression and anxiety scores, improve impulsivity, timing, and hyperactivity performance, and increase cognitive flexibility in obese children.
Objective: The present study aimed to examine the effects of chronic Zumba exercise on cardiopulmonary fitness and cognitive functions in children with obesity. Material and Method: Obesity patients aged 9-14 years (n=36) and healthy controls (n=15) were included in the study. Obesity patients were divided into the non-exercise group (Obesity) and the exercise group (Obesity+Exercise). In each stage of the study, which was planned in two stages, participants were tested for blood samples, anthropometric measurements, cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAI-C), SNAP-IV rating scale, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), MOXO Attention Test and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). After baseline measurements were taken, the Obesity+Exercise group participated in a moderate-high intensity Zumba exercise program for 14 weeks (5 days/ week, 60 minutes/ day). Findings: While the anthropometric measurements of the Obesity and Control groups increased in the last measurement compared to the first measurement (p<0,01), waist circumference became thinner in the Obesity+Exercise group (p<0,001), and no significant difference was observed in the other measurements. In the Obesity+Exercise group, there was a decrease (p<0,05) in the CDI and STAI-C scores after exercise interventions, whereas no significance was found in the other groups. While in the Obesity+Exercise group, there was an improvement in the level of timing performance and severity, hyperactivity and impulsivity performance in the MOXO Attention test (p<0,05), an increase in total correct answers (p<0,01), completed category (p<0,05), and conceptual level response percentage (p<0.01), and decreased total errors (p<0,01, p<0,05), perseverative response, number of perseverative errors, and perseverative error percentage (p<0,01) in WCST. HbA1c (%) decreased, serum adiponectin level increased (p<0,05), anaerobic threshold oxygen consumption, VO2% AT reached and expected, minute ventilation, maximum heart rate, and percentage of maximum heart rate, VE/ VO2 increased in CPET. Conclusion: Exercise training was found to prevent body composition deterioration, increase cardiopulmonary fitness, decrease depression and anxiety scores, improve impulsivity, timing, and hyperactivity performance, and increase cognitive flexibility in obese children.