Publication: Bir şehir tarihçisi Matarî ve et-Ta'rîf adlı eseri
Abstract
Cemâleddîn Muhammed b. Ahmed el-Matarî, 671/ 1272-741/ 1340 yılları arasında Memlükler idaresindeki Medine’de yaşamış ve ömrünün büyük bir kısmını Medine’de geçirmiş bir müelliftir. Hayatı boyunca asıl görevi olan müezzinlik dışında, imam-hatiplik, kadılık ve medrese hocalığı görevlerini yerine getirmiştir. Matarî’nin günümüze gelen tek eseri olan et-Ta‘rîfü bimâ enseti’l-hicre min me’âlimi dâri’l-hicre Medine şehir tarihi alanında yazılmış bir eserdir. et-Ta‘rîf çeşitli alanlarda otuz dört kaynaktan faydalanılarak yazılmıştır ve kendisinden sonra yazılan Medine şehir tarihlerine kaynaklık etmiştir. Matarî’nin Medine’nin kendi dönemindeki durumuna ilişkin aktardığı notlar, eserini XIII-XIV. yüzyıl Memlük Medine’si için ana kaynak haline getirmiştir. Bu çalışmada öncelikli olarak Matarî’nin hayatı, vazifeleri, hocaları, öğrencileri, ilmi seyahatleri incelenmiş, bir Matarî biyografisi oluşturulmuştur. İkinci olarak, et-Ta‘rîf’in yazılma amacı, ismi, yazmaları, neşirleri ve hakkındaki çalışmalar, kaynakları, muhtevası, zeyl olup olmadığı, üslubu ve kaynaklık değeri incelenmiştir. Çalışmada son olarak Matarî’nin XIII-XIV. yüzyıl Memlük Medine’si hakkındaki gözlem ve müşahedeye dayalı notları bir araya getirip değerlendirilmiştir.
Jamāl al-Dīn Muḥammad b. Aḥmad al-Matarī was a writer who lived in Medina under Mamluk rule between 671/ 1272 and 741/ 1340 and spent most of his life in Medina. Throughout his life, he fulfilled the duties of imam-hatip, qadi and madrasa teacher and his main duty as a muezzin. Matarī's only surviving work, al-Ta'rîfü bimâ anṣat al-hijrah min me'âlimi dâri al-hijrah, is a work written in the field of the history of the city of Medina. al-Ta'rîf was written using thirty-four sources in various fields and became a source for the city histories of Medina written after him. Matarī's notes on the situation of Madinah in his own time made his work the primary source for the XIII-XIVth century Mamluk Madinah. In this study, Matarī's life, duties, teachers, students, and scholarly travels were examined, and a biography of Matarī was created. Secondly, the purpose of writing al-Ta'rīf, its name, manuscripts, editions, and studies on it, its sources, content, whether it is a supplement or not, its style, and its reference value are analyzed. Finally, Matarī's notes are based on his observations and observations about the Mamluk Medina of the XIII-XIV. Century were brought together and evaluated.
Jamāl al-Dīn Muḥammad b. Aḥmad al-Matarī was a writer who lived in Medina under Mamluk rule between 671/ 1272 and 741/ 1340 and spent most of his life in Medina. Throughout his life, he fulfilled the duties of imam-hatip, qadi and madrasa teacher and his main duty as a muezzin. Matarī's only surviving work, al-Ta'rîfü bimâ anṣat al-hijrah min me'âlimi dâri al-hijrah, is a work written in the field of the history of the city of Medina. al-Ta'rîf was written using thirty-four sources in various fields and became a source for the city histories of Medina written after him. Matarī's notes on the situation of Madinah in his own time made his work the primary source for the XIII-XIVth century Mamluk Madinah. In this study, Matarī's life, duties, teachers, students, and scholarly travels were examined, and a biography of Matarī was created. Secondly, the purpose of writing al-Ta'rīf, its name, manuscripts, editions, and studies on it, its sources, content, whether it is a supplement or not, its style, and its reference value are analyzed. Finally, Matarī's notes are based on his observations and observations about the Mamluk Medina of the XIII-XIV. Century were brought together and evaluated.