Publication: Optimization of sintering parameters and post sintering characterization in mullite-zircon ceramics
Abstract
Bu çalışmada sinterlemeye yardımcı katkı malzemesi olan Fe2O3‘in malzeme üzerindeki etkisi yardımıyla hem müllit-zirkon sisteminin ikili diyagramında bilinen sinterleme sıcaklığı olan 1500°C’den çok daha düşük sıcaklıklarda ürün sentezlemek, hem de kullanılacak olan sinterlemeye yardımcı elemanların (Fe2O3) ilave edilmesi ve reaksiyon sinterlemesi sonucu oluşan ürünlerin faz ve mikroyapı analizlerinin yanı sıra mekanik karakterizasyonları yapılmıştır. Müllit-Zirkon yapısı içerisine sinterlemeye yardımcı katkı malzemesi (Fe2O3), ağırlıkça %1, %2 ve %3 miktarlarında katkılanarak karıştırıldı. Bağlayıcı eleman olarak ağırlıkça %1 PAN kullanıldı. Hazırlanan olan bu tozlar seçilmiş presleme kuvveti olan 17.2369 MPa (2500 psi) altında sinterleme öncesinde pelet şekline getirildi. Yapılmış olan bu peletler sırasıyla 1400°C, 1450°C ve 1500°C sinterleme sıcaklıklarında ve her sıcaklık için belirlenen 5 saat sinterleme süresiyle sinterlendi. Yapılan bu işlemler sonucunda sinterleme sıcaklığı etkisi, sinterlemeye yardımcı katkıların miktarlarının etkisi çeşitli karakterizasyon yöntemleri kullanılarak incelendi. Bu katkılarla ve parametrelerle üretilecek olan ürünün porozite, sertlik, yoğunluk, mikroyapı gibi seramikler için önemli özellikleri de göz önünde bulundurularak bu malzeme için optimum parametrelerin saptanması amaçlandı. X-Işınları Difraksiyon eğrileri alınarak tepkime sonucu oluşan fazlar saptandı. Sinterleme sıcaklıkları 1400°C, 1450°C ve 1500°C olan pelletler üzerinde mikroyapı analizleri optik mikroskop kullanılarak yapıldı. Bu yapılan çalışmada kullanılan parametreler için optimum sinterleme sıcaklığı ve kullanılacak sinterlemeye yardımcı katkının ağırlıkça miktarı bu çalışmadaki değişken faktörler seçilerek elde edilecek en iyi özellikli ve en düşük maliyetli ürünün bulunması amaçlanmıştır.
In this study, with the help of the effect of Fe2O3, which is a sintering aid additive for sintering, it is possible to synthesize products at temperatures much lower than 1500°C, which is the known sintering temperature in the phase diagram of the mullite-zircon system. In addition to the phase and microstructure analysis of the produced products as a result of the addition of sintering aid additive (Fe2O3) and reaction sintering process, mechanical characterizations were performed. The sintering aid additive (Fe2O3) was mixed into the Mullite-Zircon structure by adding 1 wt.%, 2 wt.% and 3 wt.%. 1% by weight of PAN was used as the binder. This mixture was formed into pellets before sintering under the selected pressing force of 17.2369 MPa (2500 psi). These pellets were sintered at 1400°C, 1450°C, and 1500°C sintering temperatures, respectively, with a sintering time of 5 hours for each temperature. As a result of these processes, the effect of sintering temperature and the effect of the amount of sintering aid additives were examined by using characterization methods. It was aimed to determine the optimum parameters for this material, considering the important properties of ceramics such as porosity, hardness, density, and microstructure of the product to be produced with these additives and parameters. X-Ray Diffraction analyses were performed, and the phases formed as a result of the reaction were determined. Microstructure analyses were made for sintering temperatures of 1400°C, 1450°C, and 1500°C using an optical microscope. The optimum sintering temperature for the parameters used in this study and the amount by weight of the sintering aid additive to be used were selected considering variable factors in this study, and it was aimed to find the product with the best properties and the lowest cost.
In this study, with the help of the effect of Fe2O3, which is a sintering aid additive for sintering, it is possible to synthesize products at temperatures much lower than 1500°C, which is the known sintering temperature in the phase diagram of the mullite-zircon system. In addition to the phase and microstructure analysis of the produced products as a result of the addition of sintering aid additive (Fe2O3) and reaction sintering process, mechanical characterizations were performed. The sintering aid additive (Fe2O3) was mixed into the Mullite-Zircon structure by adding 1 wt.%, 2 wt.% and 3 wt.%. 1% by weight of PAN was used as the binder. This mixture was formed into pellets before sintering under the selected pressing force of 17.2369 MPa (2500 psi). These pellets were sintered at 1400°C, 1450°C, and 1500°C sintering temperatures, respectively, with a sintering time of 5 hours for each temperature. As a result of these processes, the effect of sintering temperature and the effect of the amount of sintering aid additives were examined by using characterization methods. It was aimed to determine the optimum parameters for this material, considering the important properties of ceramics such as porosity, hardness, density, and microstructure of the product to be produced with these additives and parameters. X-Ray Diffraction analyses were performed, and the phases formed as a result of the reaction were determined. Microstructure analyses were made for sintering temperatures of 1400°C, 1450°C, and 1500°C using an optical microscope. The optimum sintering temperature for the parameters used in this study and the amount by weight of the sintering aid additive to be used were selected considering variable factors in this study, and it was aimed to find the product with the best properties and the lowest cost.