Publication: Muhammed Ebû Zehre Zehretü’t-Tefâsir isimli tefsirindeki metodu
Abstract
Muhammed Ebû Zehre, Tefsir, Zehretü’t-Tefâsîr, Metod. ÖZET MUHAMMED EBÛ ZEHRE VE ZEHRETÜ’T-TEFÂSÎR İSİMLİ TEFSİRİNDEKİ METODU Çalışmamızda, yirminci yüzyılda Mısır’ın ve İslam dünyasının sayılı âlimlerinden biri kabul edilen Muhammed Ebû Zehre’nin (1316-1394/ 1898-1974) 1951 yılında başlayıp vefat ettiği ana kadar devam ettirdiği, Kur’ân’ın 30 cüzünden 19 cüzüne tekabul eden Zehretü’t-Tefâsîr isimli tefsirindeki metodunu incelemeye çalıştık. Çalışmamız bir giriş ve üç bölümden oluşmuştur. Giriş kısmında; çalışmamızın önemini, amacını ve metodunu açıkladık. Birinci bölümde; müellifimizin yaşadığı dönemin siyasî, ictimâî, ilmî ve iktisadî durumunu ele aldık; hayatını, ailesini, yetiştiği ortamı, ilmî şahsiyetini, hocalarını, talebelerini ve çeşitli sahalardaki ilmî eserlerini in¬celedik. İkinci bölümde; tefsirin mukaddimesi, yazılış gayesi ve özellikleri üzerinde durduk. Tefsirde istifade ettiği birincil ve ikincil kaynakları, esas olarak kabul ettiği prensipleri maddeler halinde açıkladık. Üçüncü ve son bölümde, tefsiri Kur’an ilimleri açısından in¬celedik. Tefsirde uyguladığı metodu ortaya çıkarmak için, bu eserinin rivâyet ve dirâyet metodu açılardan özelliklerini tespit etmeye gayret gösterdik. Ayrıca bu tefsirin Kıraat, Dil, Kelâm ve Fıkıh ilimlerindeki yerini ortaya koymak çalıştık. Neticede gördük ki söz konusu eserde, rivayete ağırlık verilmesi yanında dirayet de ihmal edilmemiştir. Kur’ân’ı Kur’ân’la ve Sünnetle tefsire öncelikle dikkat edilmiş; ayetlerdeki belâğî inceliklere yer verilmiştir. Tefsirde lügat, sarf ve nahiv konularına değinilmiş, kıraat konularında bolca örnekler verilmiştir. Fıkhî ve Kelâmî konular kendine has üslupla ele alınmıştır. Kaynaklar özenle seçilmiş; İslâm dünyasında muteber kabul edilen tefsirlerden nakiller yapılarak birçok görüş bir arada sunulmuştur. Kısacası, tefsir sahasında, kendinden sonraki nesillere, kalıcı ve oldukça zengin bir eser bırakılmıştır. Muhammad Abu Zahra, Qur’anic Exegesis, Zahrat al- Tafaseer, Methodology
PhD Dissertation Muhammad Abu Zahra and His Method in his commentary called “Zahrat al-Tafaseer” In this work, we examined the methodology of Muhammad Abu Zahra (1316-1394/ 1898-1974), well-known Muslim Egyptian scholar, in his Qur’anic exegesis “Zahrat al-Tafaseer.” Muhammad Abu Zahra began to write his exegesis, which consists the 19 out of 30 parts of the Qur’an, in 1951 and continued till the end of his life. Our work consists of an introduction and three chapters. In the introduction, we presented the significance, object, and methodology of our study. In the first chapter we discussed political, social, scholarly, and economic conditions of the author’s lifetime. In this chapter, we also examined his life, his family, his environment, his scholarly character, his teachers and students, and his works on various Islamic sciences. In the second chapter, we studied the prologue of the exegesis, its purpose and main characteristics. We listed the primary and secondary sources employed in the exegesis and explained the author’s principles. In the third and last chapter, we examined the exegesis from the perspective of other Qur’anic sciences. In order to reveal the author’s methodology, we tried to show the features of his exegesis from the point of dirayah (comprehension) and riwayah (narrative) methods. We also tried to state the place of this exegesis in the sciences of Qur’anic recitation, Arabic language, Islamic theology, and law. In conclusion, we found out that even though mainly riwayah method was used in the exegesis, dirayah method was not neglected. The author paid attention to interpreting Qur’anic verses with the help of other verses and the sayings of the Prophet. He also pointed out the rhetorical aspects of the verses. Linguistic and grammatical issues were stated; and different styles of recitation were explained through several examples. Legal and theological matters were examined by means of a specific approach. Sources were selected with special care and quotations from widely-accepted works of exegesis were presented along with various views. In short, the author has left a significant and rich work for the future generations in the field of Qur’anic exegesis.
PhD Dissertation Muhammad Abu Zahra and His Method in his commentary called “Zahrat al-Tafaseer” In this work, we examined the methodology of Muhammad Abu Zahra (1316-1394/ 1898-1974), well-known Muslim Egyptian scholar, in his Qur’anic exegesis “Zahrat al-Tafaseer.” Muhammad Abu Zahra began to write his exegesis, which consists the 19 out of 30 parts of the Qur’an, in 1951 and continued till the end of his life. Our work consists of an introduction and three chapters. In the introduction, we presented the significance, object, and methodology of our study. In the first chapter we discussed political, social, scholarly, and economic conditions of the author’s lifetime. In this chapter, we also examined his life, his family, his environment, his scholarly character, his teachers and students, and his works on various Islamic sciences. In the second chapter, we studied the prologue of the exegesis, its purpose and main characteristics. We listed the primary and secondary sources employed in the exegesis and explained the author’s principles. In the third and last chapter, we examined the exegesis from the perspective of other Qur’anic sciences. In order to reveal the author’s methodology, we tried to show the features of his exegesis from the point of dirayah (comprehension) and riwayah (narrative) methods. We also tried to state the place of this exegesis in the sciences of Qur’anic recitation, Arabic language, Islamic theology, and law. In conclusion, we found out that even though mainly riwayah method was used in the exegesis, dirayah method was not neglected. The author paid attention to interpreting Qur’anic verses with the help of other verses and the sayings of the Prophet. He also pointed out the rhetorical aspects of the verses. Linguistic and grammatical issues were stated; and different styles of recitation were explained through several examples. Legal and theological matters were examined by means of a specific approach. Sources were selected with special care and quotations from widely-accepted works of exegesis were presented along with various views. In short, the author has left a significant and rich work for the future generations in the field of Qur’anic exegesis.