Publication: Bir geleneğe dönüş projesi olarak dobag ve ötesi
Abstract
BİR GELENEĞE DÖNÜŞ PROJESİ OLARAK DOBAG VE ÖTESİAnadolu’da halı dokumacılığı el eğirmesi saf yün, doğal boyalar ve geleneksel desenler kullanılarak yüzyıllar boyu devam etmiş ve birçok halı günümüze ulaşmıştır. Ancak 19. yüzyılın ortalarında sentetik boyaların bulunması ile dünyanın birçok yerinde ve Anadolu’daki boyamacılıkta doğal boya kullanımı azalmaya başlamıştır. Pazarınistekleri doğrultusunda 20. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında dokunan yöresel halılarda desen yozlaşması ve solan sentetik boyaların kullanımı, halı pazarını olumsuz yönde etkilemiştir. Halıların yozlaşmasını durdurmak, aslına döndürmek ve dünya pazarında eski konumuna ulaşmasını sağlamak gerektiğine inanan Devlet Tatbiki Güzel Sanatlar Yüksek Okulu (DTGSYO), Tekstil Sanatları Bölümü, 1981 yılında DOBAG (Doğal Boya Araştırma ve Geliştirme) Projesi’ni başlatmıştır. Projenin hedefi doğal boyamacılığın, geleneksel desenlerin yaşatılması ve yüksek kalitede halı üretiminin sağlanmasıdır. Başlangıçta altı yıl sürmesi planlanan DOBAG Projesi otuz yedi yıl devam etmiştir.DOBAG Projesi kapsamında üretilen halılar bir garanti etiketi ile tescillenerek dünyanın çeşitli ülkelerinde pazar bulmuş, birçok müze ve koleksiyon tarafından satın alınmıştır. Ayrıca proje, uygulama alanlarındaki halkın sosyo-ekonomik düzeyini yükseltmiştir. Günümüzde projenin uygulama alanlarında üretim neredeyse durmuştur.Zorlaşan yaşam şartları yüzünden halkın halı dokumacılığından sağladığı kazanç aylık masraflarını karşılayamaz olmuş, halk yevmiye karşılığı tarlalarda çalışmaya başlamıştır. Diğer yanda dünya çapında halı piyasasındaki durgunluk ve dalgalanmalar da üretimi olumsuz yönde etkilemiştir. Pazarın ihtiyacı dışında dokumalarda doğal boyakullanımının sürdürülebilirliği için toplumun çeşitli kesimlerine, meslek gruplarına ve sanatçılara önemli görevler düşmektedir. Bunların başında doğal boyalı ürünlere karşı toplumda bilinç oluşturmak gerekir. Tasarım eğitiminde yapılan uygulamalarda sentetik elyafların yanında doğal boyalı, doğal elyafların kullanılması da önerilmelidir.
DOBAG AS A RETURN TO TRADITION PROJECT AND BEYONDIn Anatolia carpet weaving has been carried out for centuries by using handspun pure wool, natural dyes and traditional designs, and many carpets have reached the present day. However, with the invention of synthetic dyes in the mid-19th century, the use of natural dyes in many parts of the world and in Anatolia has begun to decrease. In the second half of the 20th century in the direction of the market's demand, the pattern degeneration and the use of fading synthetic dyes in traditional carpets affected the carpet market in a negative way. State School of Applied Fine Arts, Department of Textile, has started the DOBAG (Natural Dye Research and Development) Project in 1981, believing that it is necessary to stop the degeneration of the carpets, to restore the originality andto reach its old position on the world market. Because one of the most important factors in degeneration is the use of poor quality synthetic dyes. The goal of the project is to sustain natural dyeing, keeping traditional patterns and producing high quality carpets. Initially planned for six years, the DOBAG Project has lasted for thirty-seven years. The carpets produced under the DOBAG Project are certified by a guarantee label and have been purchased by many museums and collections found on the market in various countries of the world. In addition, the project has raised the socio-economic level of the people in the DOBAG areas. Nowadays, production in the DOBAG areas is almost stopped. Because of the difficult living conditions, people's earnings from carpet weaving could not afford the monthly expenses, and the weavers began to work in the fields to earn money. On the other hand, recession and fluctuations on the carpet market around the world have also affected production negatively. Apart from the weavings for the market, there are important tasks for the various segments of the society, professions and artists for the sustainability of the use of natural dyestuffs. At the beginning of these, it is necessary to create awareness in society for using natural dyed products. In design education, it should be recommended to use natural dyed natural fibers besides synthetic fibers.
DOBAG AS A RETURN TO TRADITION PROJECT AND BEYONDIn Anatolia carpet weaving has been carried out for centuries by using handspun pure wool, natural dyes and traditional designs, and many carpets have reached the present day. However, with the invention of synthetic dyes in the mid-19th century, the use of natural dyes in many parts of the world and in Anatolia has begun to decrease. In the second half of the 20th century in the direction of the market's demand, the pattern degeneration and the use of fading synthetic dyes in traditional carpets affected the carpet market in a negative way. State School of Applied Fine Arts, Department of Textile, has started the DOBAG (Natural Dye Research and Development) Project in 1981, believing that it is necessary to stop the degeneration of the carpets, to restore the originality andto reach its old position on the world market. Because one of the most important factors in degeneration is the use of poor quality synthetic dyes. The goal of the project is to sustain natural dyeing, keeping traditional patterns and producing high quality carpets. Initially planned for six years, the DOBAG Project has lasted for thirty-seven years. The carpets produced under the DOBAG Project are certified by a guarantee label and have been purchased by many museums and collections found on the market in various countries of the world. In addition, the project has raised the socio-economic level of the people in the DOBAG areas. Nowadays, production in the DOBAG areas is almost stopped. Because of the difficult living conditions, people's earnings from carpet weaving could not afford the monthly expenses, and the weavers began to work in the fields to earn money. On the other hand, recession and fluctuations on the carpet market around the world have also affected production negatively. Apart from the weavings for the market, there are important tasks for the various segments of the society, professions and artists for the sustainability of the use of natural dyestuffs. At the beginning of these, it is necessary to create awareness in society for using natural dyed products. In design education, it should be recommended to use natural dyed natural fibers besides synthetic fibers.