Publication: Karayolları motorlu taşıtlar zorunlu mali mesuliyet sigortasında teminatın kapsamı ve istisnaları
Abstract
TEZ ÖZETİ Bu tezin konusu ; Zorunlu Mali Mesuliyet Sigortasında Sigorta Teminatının Kapsamı ve İstisnalarıdır. Bu temel konu işlenmeden önce, sigortanın tanımı, dünyada ve sigortada sigortanın tarihçesi, sigorta çeşitleri açıklanmıştır. Sigorta teminatının kapsamı ve teminat dışı haller ile sigortacının sigorta ettirene rücu edebileceği haller Yargıtay Kararları ışığında şöyle açıklanmıştır : Meydana gelen bir kazada hasarın sigorta teminatı kapsamına girebilmesi için ; a) Hasar, Karayolları Trafik Kanunu'nda tanımlanan bir motorlu araç tarafından meydana getirilmelidir. b) Hasar, bu motorlu aracın işletilmesi sırasında meydana gelmelidir. c) Kaza, karayolunda meydana gelmelidir. d) Hasarın niteliği, bir kimsenin ölümü veya yaralanması veya bir şeyin zarara uğraması olmalıdır. e) 2918 sayılı Karayolları Trafik Kanunu'na göre işletene düşen bir hukuki sorumluluk olmalıdır. f) Hasar, ancak sigorta limitine kadar temin edilir. g) Çekilmekte olan römorkların ve çekilen araçların vereceği hasarlar da çekici aracın sigortası kapsamındadır. h) İnsan taşımada kullanılan römorklar ise bunlar için özel şartları belirtilecek ek bir sorumluluk sigortası sağlanmış olmak kaydıyla teminata dahildir. i) Zararın önlenmesi veya azaltılması amacıyla yapılan makul ve zorunlu masraflar da teminat kapsamındadır. j) Sigorta ettirenin haksız taleplere karşı savunması da teminat kapsamındadır. k) Hasarın, Türkiye sınırları içinde olması gerekir. Şu hususlarda ise hasar, sigorta teminatı kapsamı dışındadır ; a)İşletilme halinde olmayan araçların sebep olacağı zararlar : b)İşleten tarafından ileri sürülecek tazminat talepleri c)İşletenin eşi, usul ve füruunun, kendisine evlat edinme ilişkisi ile bağlı olanların ve birlikte yaşadığı kardeşlerinin mallarına gelen zararlar nedeniyle ileri sürülebilecek talepler d)Zarar görenlerin beraberinde bulunan bagaj ve benzeri eşya dışında araçta ve römorklarda taşınan eşyanın uğrayacağı zararlardan dolayı işletene karşı ileri sürülecek talepler e)Manevi tazminat talepleri f)İşletenin, Karayolları Trafik Kanunu uyarınca eylemlerinden sorumlu tutulduğu kişilere karşı yöneltebileceği talepler g)işletenin aracına veya bu araç vasıtasıyla çekilen römorklara ve yarı römorklara veya çekilen araçlara gelecek zararlar nedeniyle ileri sürülecek talepler h) Motorlu araçlarla ilgili mesleki faaliyetlerde bulunan teşebbüslere, gözetim, onarım, bakım, alım - satım, araçta değişiklik yapılması amacı ile veya benzeri bir amaçla bırakılan aracın sebep olacağı zararlara ilişkin her türlü talepler : i) Aracın, yetkili makamların izniyle tertip olunan yarışlara katılması veya yarışlara katılan araçlara eşlik etmesi ile gösteride kullanılması sonucu meydana gelecek zararlar : j)Çalınan veya gasp edilen araçların sebep oldukları ve Karayolları Trafik Kanunu'na göre işletenin sorumlu olmadığı zararlar ile aracın çalındığını veya gasp edildiğini bilerek binen kişilerin zarara uğramaları nedeniyle ileri sürülecek talepler ile çalan ve gasp eden kişilerin talepleri k)Motorlu bisikletlerin kullanılmasından ileri gelen zararlar
The subject of the thesis is ; The Concent of Insurance Assurance and its Exeptions in Obligatory Financial Responsibility. Befor we have a research on this basic subject, the definition of insurance, the history of it in the world and the kinds of insurance are explained. The concent of the insurance guarantee, the things which are not included under this guarantee and the situtations which insurance agent adresses to the insured are explained like the following as the Supreme Court of Appcal has made the decisions. To include a damage which occurs in an accident to the content of the insurance guarantee ; a)The damage must be done by a vehicle which is defined in Laws of the Road Traffic b)The damage must be done while the vehicle is on c)The accident must occur on the road d)The accident must result in death or an injury or something must get harm during the accident e)According to the Laws of the Road traffic numbered 2918, the driver must have a legal responsibility f)The damage is paid as much as the insurance limit g)The damage done by the trailers or other vehicles which are being pulled is under the guarantee of the insurance of the vehicle which pulls those h)The trailers which carry people are included in this guarantee in condition that an additional insurance policy which has private articles is made i)Reasonable and the obligatory expenses which are done to prevent or decrease of the damage are included in the insurance policy j)The defense of the İnsured againist the unfair demands is included as well k)The damage must be in the borders of Turkey İn these cases, the damage will not be paid by the insurance agency ; a)The damages done by the vihecles whick are not on b)The compensation demads required by the driver c)Asserted demands because of the damages because of the damages of the things which belong to the driver's wife, ancestors, descendants, the children whom he adopted, his sisters or brothers who he lives together with d)Asserted demands against the driver because of the damages of the things carried in the trailers or in the vehicle expect the luggage which is carried with the people who are injured e)The demands of moral compensation f)Driver's demands against people for whom he is responsible for his actions according to the Laws of the Road Traffic. g)The demands which are required just because the driver's vehicle or the others which are pulled by it are damaged h)The demands about the damages which are caused by the vehicle which is left at the managaments which deal with professional activities for repairing, changing parts, caring, buying or selling vehicles i)The damages which occur while racing held with a permission taken from the authorities j)The damages caused by the vehicle which is stolen and that according to the Laws of the Road traffic the owner is not responsible for those damages and the demands of the people who are injured and who use the vehicle although they know that the vehicle is stolen or the demands of the people who have stolen the vehicle and if injured k)The damages which are caused by motorbikes while riding.
The subject of the thesis is ; The Concent of Insurance Assurance and its Exeptions in Obligatory Financial Responsibility. Befor we have a research on this basic subject, the definition of insurance, the history of it in the world and the kinds of insurance are explained. The concent of the insurance guarantee, the things which are not included under this guarantee and the situtations which insurance agent adresses to the insured are explained like the following as the Supreme Court of Appcal has made the decisions. To include a damage which occurs in an accident to the content of the insurance guarantee ; a)The damage must be done by a vehicle which is defined in Laws of the Road Traffic b)The damage must be done while the vehicle is on c)The accident must occur on the road d)The accident must result in death or an injury or something must get harm during the accident e)According to the Laws of the Road traffic numbered 2918, the driver must have a legal responsibility f)The damage is paid as much as the insurance limit g)The damage done by the trailers or other vehicles which are being pulled is under the guarantee of the insurance of the vehicle which pulls those h)The trailers which carry people are included in this guarantee in condition that an additional insurance policy which has private articles is made i)Reasonable and the obligatory expenses which are done to prevent or decrease of the damage are included in the insurance policy j)The defense of the İnsured againist the unfair demands is included as well k)The damage must be in the borders of Turkey İn these cases, the damage will not be paid by the insurance agency ; a)The damages done by the vihecles whick are not on b)The compensation demads required by the driver c)Asserted demands because of the damages because of the damages of the things which belong to the driver's wife, ancestors, descendants, the children whom he adopted, his sisters or brothers who he lives together with d)Asserted demands against the driver because of the damages of the things carried in the trailers or in the vehicle expect the luggage which is carried with the people who are injured e)The demands of moral compensation f)Driver's demands against people for whom he is responsible for his actions according to the Laws of the Road Traffic. g)The demands which are required just because the driver's vehicle or the others which are pulled by it are damaged h)The demands about the damages which are caused by the vehicle which is left at the managaments which deal with professional activities for repairing, changing parts, caring, buying or selling vehicles i)The damages which occur while racing held with a permission taken from the authorities j)The damages caused by the vehicle which is stolen and that according to the Laws of the Road traffic the owner is not responsible for those damages and the demands of the people who are injured and who use the vehicle although they know that the vehicle is stolen or the demands of the people who have stolen the vehicle and if injured k)The damages which are caused by motorbikes while riding.