Publication: Orta Doğu'daki siyasi mücadeleler bağlamında Abdurrahman Azzâm Paşa (1894-1976)
Abstract
Dünya tarihi açısından 20. yüzyıl büyük değişimlerin yaşandığı bir dönem olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Nitekim bu yüzyıl içerisinde imparatorlukların dağılması ve yıkılmasıyla insanlık sadece iki büyük dünya savaşına şahitlik etmekle kalmamış, bununla birlikte bölgesel ve yerel olarak birçok savaşa, çatışmaya, bağımsızlık mücadelelerine de tanıklık etmiştir. Bu bağımsızlık mücadelelerinin her birinde birtakım şahsiyetler olaylara yön verici tutumlarıyla ön plana çıkmışlar ve isimlerini tarihe yazdırmışlardır. Söz konusu mücadelelerde kilit rol oynayan bazı önemli şahsiyetlerin çok şöhret bulmamış olması yahut kendileri hakkında literatürde çalışmalara rastlanamaması, o kimselerin hayatlarının, fikirlerinin ve tarihi olaylara etkilerinin göz ardı edilmesi gerektiği anlamını taşımamaktadır. Bu tez, bahsedilen dönemde yaşamış ve uluslararası bir etkiye ulaşmış olan Abdurrahman Azzâm Paşa’nın tarihsel biyografisini ele almaktadır. Osmanlı bakiyesi şahsiyetlerden sayılabilecek olan Abdurrahman Azzâm Paşa, özellikle 20. yüzyılın ilk yarısında dünya siyaseti ve tarihine ciddi katkıları olan isimler arasında yerini almış biridir. Dolayısıyla onun entelektüel ve siyasi mücadelelerine odaklanarak imparatorluktan ulus devlete geçiş döneminde Orta Doğu’da oynadığı kritik roller de burada incelenmektedir. Bu çalışma, ulus devlet sürecinde sona erdiği düşünülen İttihâd-ı İslam girişimlerine farklı biçimlerde alternatifler arandığını bir biyografi çerçevesinde ortaya koymayı hedeflemektedir. Ömrünün her safhasında bağımsızlık uğrunda mücadele eden Azzâm Paşa’nın hayatını ele almak, bir biyografi üzerinden dönemin siyasi, düşünsel ve sosyal özelliklerine ışık tutacak ve yeni çalışmalara kapı aralayacaktır.
In terms of world history, the 20th century is a period of great change. As a matter of fact, with the dissolution and collapse of the empires in this century, humanity has not only witnessed two major world wars, but also many regional and local wars, conflicts, struggles for independence. In each of these struggles for independence, a number of personalities came to the forefront with their shaping attitudes and made their names written in history. The fact that some of the key figures who played a key role in these struggles were not very famous or that there are no works about them in the literature does not mean that their lives, ideas, and their impact on historical events should be ignored. This thesis deals with the historical biography of Abd al-Rahman Azzam Pasha, who lived in this period and had an international influence. Abd al-Rahman Azzam Pasha, who can be considered as one of the Ottoman legacy figures, is one of the figures who made significant contributions to world politics and history, especially in the first half of the 20th century. Therefore, by focusing on his intellectual and political struggles,the critical roles he played in the Middle East during the transition from empire to nation-state are also examined here. This study aims to reveal within the framework of a biography that alternatives were sought in different forms to the Unity of Islam initiatives, which were thought to have come to an end during the nation-state process. Addressing the life of Azzam Pasha, who fought for independence at every stage of his life, will shed light on the political, intellectual and social characteristics of the period through a biography and will pave the way to new studies.
In terms of world history, the 20th century is a period of great change. As a matter of fact, with the dissolution and collapse of the empires in this century, humanity has not only witnessed two major world wars, but also many regional and local wars, conflicts, struggles for independence. In each of these struggles for independence, a number of personalities came to the forefront with their shaping attitudes and made their names written in history. The fact that some of the key figures who played a key role in these struggles were not very famous or that there are no works about them in the literature does not mean that their lives, ideas, and their impact on historical events should be ignored. This thesis deals with the historical biography of Abd al-Rahman Azzam Pasha, who lived in this period and had an international influence. Abd al-Rahman Azzam Pasha, who can be considered as one of the Ottoman legacy figures, is one of the figures who made significant contributions to world politics and history, especially in the first half of the 20th century. Therefore, by focusing on his intellectual and political struggles,the critical roles he played in the Middle East during the transition from empire to nation-state are also examined here. This study aims to reveal within the framework of a biography that alternatives were sought in different forms to the Unity of Islam initiatives, which were thought to have come to an end during the nation-state process. Addressing the life of Azzam Pasha, who fought for independence at every stage of his life, will shed light on the political, intellectual and social characteristics of the period through a biography and will pave the way to new studies.