Publication: Okul öncesi öğretmenlerin yaratıcı liderlik becerilerine yönelik bir programın etkililiğinin değerlendirilmesi
Abstract
Küreselleşen ve hızla farklı yöntemlerin, becerilerin ve bakış açılarının geliştiği bu dünyada, her geçen gün yeniliğe ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. İlerleyen teknoloji çağında, elbette eğitimde de gelişim başlamış olup becerilerde de farklılaşma gerekmektedir. Eğitimde liderlik ve yönetim yıllardır bilinen ve çalışılan kavramlar iken, günümüzde yaratıcı liderlik kavramı ortaya çıkmış ve yeni becerileri beraberinde getirmiştir. Bu araştırmada Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı bünyesinde açılmış resmi okul okul öncesi eğitim kurumlarında çalışmakta olan okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin yaratıcı liderlik becerilerinin çocukların eleştirel düşünme ve sosyal problem çözme becerisiyle ilişkisinin incelenmesi ve öğretmenlerin yaratıcı liderlik becerisinin koçluk yapma ve birlikte çalışmaya odaklanma alt boyutuna yönelik geliştirilen programın etkililiğinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu bağlamda araştırmanın birinci aşamasında ilişkisel tarama modelde örneklem ve çalışma grubunu 2021-2022 eğitim öğretim yılında İstanbul’da MEB’e bağlı bağımsız anaokulu ve anasınıflarında çalışan 150 öğretmen ve 600 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Araştırmanın ikinci aşamasında eşitlenmemiş kontrol gruplu deneysel modelin çalışma grubunu 2022-2023 eğitim öğretim yılında İstanbul’da MEB’e bağlı bağımsız anaokulu ve anasınıflarında çalışan 40 öğretmen ve 160 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Araştırmaya katılan öğretmenlere “Öğretmen Kişisel Bilgi Formu” ve Dikmen Ada (2012) tarafından geliştirilen “Yaratıcı Liderlik Ölçeği” uygulanmış; çocuklara ise Yılmaz (2016) tarafından geliştirilen “Sosyal Problem Çözme Ölçeği” ile Tozduman Yaralı ve Güngör Aytar (2020) tarafından geliştirilen “Eleştirel Düşünme Becerileri Testi” uygulanmıştır. Araştırma bulgularına bakıldığında; öğretmenlerin yaratıcı liderlik becerilerinde eğitim durumu değişkeninde yaratıcı liderliğin alt boyutlarında da anlamlı farklılık saptanmıştır. Çocukların eleştirel düşünme ve sosyal problem çözme becerilerinde cinsiyet, yaş (ay) grubu, okula devam süresi, okul yaşam indeksi, anne eğitim durumu, anne mesleği, baba yaşı, baba eğitim durumu, baba mesleği değişkenlerinde anlamlı farklılıklar saptanmıştır. Bunun yanı sıra geliştirilen “Yaratıcı Liderlik Öğretmen sonrası bulgulara bakıldığında, öğretmenlerin yaratıcı liderlik becerilerinde programın temelini oluşturan “Koçluk Yapma ve Birlikte Çalışmaya Odaklanma” alt boyutunda anlamlı farklılık saptanmıştır. Deney grubunu oluşturan öğretmenlerin programa katılımlarından sonra sınıflarında eğitim gören çocukların eleştirel düşünme ve sosyal problem çözme becerisinde de anlamlı farklılık saptanmıştır. Buna göre öğretmenlerin katıldıkları program sonrasında sınıf ortamlarında değişimlerin yaşandığı ve programın etkili olduğu yorumu yapılabilir. Araştırmaya öneri olarak; boylamsal bir çalışma olarak öğretmenlere verilen eğitimlerle çocukların becerilerinde değişikliklerin incelenmesi önerilebilir. Buna ek olarak yalnızca MEB’e bağlı okullarda değil özel okul öncesi eğitim kurumlarında da çalışmanın yapılarak araştırmaya farklı değişken eklenebilir.
In this globalised world where different methods, skills and perspectives are rapidly developing, innovation is needed every day. In the age of advancing technology, of course, development has also started in education and differentiation in skills is also required. While leadership and management in education have been known and studied for years, today the concept of creative leadership has emerged and brought new skills. In this study, it was aimed to examine the relationship between the creative leadership skills of preschool teachers working in official preschool education institutions under the Ministry of National Education and children's critical thinking and social problem solving skills and to evaluate the effectiveness of the programme developed for the sub-dimension of coaching and focusing on working together of teachers' creative leadership skills. In this context, in the first stage of the study, the sample and study group consisted of 150 teachers and 600 students working in independent kindergartens and preschools affiliated to the Ministry of National Education in Istanbul in the 2021-2022 academic year. In the second stage of the study, the study group of the experimental model with an unequalised control group consisted of 40 teachers and 160 students working in independent kindergartens and preschools affiliated to the Ministry of National Education in Istanbul in the 2022-2023 academic year. Teacher Personal Information Form and Creative Leadership Scale developed by Dikmen Ada (2012) were applied to the teachers participating in the study, while Social Problem Solving Scale developed by Yılmaz (2016) and Critical Thinking Skills Test developed by Tozduman Yaralı and Güngör Aytar (2020) were applied to the children. Considering the findings of the research; a significant difference was found in the sub-dimensions of creative leadership in the education status variable in the creative leadership skills of teachers. Significant differences were found in the variables of gender, age (month) group, school attendance period, school life index, mother's education level, mother's occupation, father's age, father's education level and father's occupation in children's critical thinking and social problem solving skills. In addition, when the findings after the Creative Leadership Teacher Programme were examined, a significant difference was found in the sub-dimension of Coaching and Focusing on Working Together, which constitutes the basis of the programme, in teachers' creative leadership skills. Significant differences were also found in the critical thinking and social problem solving skills of the children in the experimental group after the teachers' participation in the programme. Accordingly, it can be interpreted that changes were experienced in the classroom environment after the programme and that the programme was effective. As a suggestion for the research, it can be suggested to examine the changes in children's skills with the trainings given to teachers as a longitudinal study. In addition, different variables can be added to the study by conducting the study not only in schools affiliated to the Ministry of National Education but also in private pre-school education institutions.
In this globalised world where different methods, skills and perspectives are rapidly developing, innovation is needed every day. In the age of advancing technology, of course, development has also started in education and differentiation in skills is also required. While leadership and management in education have been known and studied for years, today the concept of creative leadership has emerged and brought new skills. In this study, it was aimed to examine the relationship between the creative leadership skills of preschool teachers working in official preschool education institutions under the Ministry of National Education and children's critical thinking and social problem solving skills and to evaluate the effectiveness of the programme developed for the sub-dimension of coaching and focusing on working together of teachers' creative leadership skills. In this context, in the first stage of the study, the sample and study group consisted of 150 teachers and 600 students working in independent kindergartens and preschools affiliated to the Ministry of National Education in Istanbul in the 2021-2022 academic year. In the second stage of the study, the study group of the experimental model with an unequalised control group consisted of 40 teachers and 160 students working in independent kindergartens and preschools affiliated to the Ministry of National Education in Istanbul in the 2022-2023 academic year. Teacher Personal Information Form and Creative Leadership Scale developed by Dikmen Ada (2012) were applied to the teachers participating in the study, while Social Problem Solving Scale developed by Yılmaz (2016) and Critical Thinking Skills Test developed by Tozduman Yaralı and Güngör Aytar (2020) were applied to the children. Considering the findings of the research; a significant difference was found in the sub-dimensions of creative leadership in the education status variable in the creative leadership skills of teachers. Significant differences were found in the variables of gender, age (month) group, school attendance period, school life index, mother's education level, mother's occupation, father's age, father's education level and father's occupation in children's critical thinking and social problem solving skills. In addition, when the findings after the Creative Leadership Teacher Programme were examined, a significant difference was found in the sub-dimension of Coaching and Focusing on Working Together, which constitutes the basis of the programme, in teachers' creative leadership skills. Significant differences were also found in the critical thinking and social problem solving skills of the children in the experimental group after the teachers' participation in the programme. Accordingly, it can be interpreted that changes were experienced in the classroom environment after the programme and that the programme was effective. As a suggestion for the research, it can be suggested to examine the changes in children's skills with the trainings given to teachers as a longitudinal study. In addition, different variables can be added to the study by conducting the study not only in schools affiliated to the Ministry of National Education but also in private pre-school education institutions.
Description
Keywords
critical thinking skills in preschool, Leadership, Liderlik, Okul öncesi öğretim, okul öncesinde eleştirel düşünme becerisi, okul öncesinde sosyal problem çözme becerisi, Preschool teaching, social problem solving skills in preschool, teacher creative leadership program, Türkiye, yaratıcı lider öğretmen, yaratıcı liderlik öğretmen programı creative leader teacher
