Publication: Lozan Barış Görüşmeleri Sürecinde Kritik Bir Diplomasi Örneği: İZMİR LİMANI MESEL ESİ
Abstract
İzmir coğrafî ve stratejik konumu nedeniyle daima önemli bir merkez olmuştur. Nitekim Türk İstiklâl Harbi'nin zaferle sonuçlanmasıyla, İzmir yeniden ön plana çıkmıştı. B.M.M. tarafından, 15 Mayıs 1919 tarihinden bu yana İzmir Limanı'nda bulunan yabancı savaş gemileriyle ilgili olarak bazı şartlar koşulması gerginliğe yol açmış, olası bir savaş diplomatik girişimlerle bertaraf edilmişti. B.M.M.'nin İstanbul temsilcisi Adnan (Adıvar) Bey, bu süreçte kritik bir rol üstlenmişti. İtilaf Devletleri bu esnada Mondros Mütarekesi hükümlerinin geçerli olduğunu iddia ederken, B.M.M. bunu reddediyordu. Bu arada, Lozan'da İsmet Paşa Türk tarafının olmazsa olmazları konusunda ödün vermeyince görüşmelere ara verilmişti (4 Şubat 1923). Bunun üzerine B.M.M. Hükümeti, İzmir Limanı'nda hücum gücü 1000 tondan fazla olan yabancı savaş gemilerine izin verilmeyeceğini, aksi takdirde bunu savaş sebebi sayacağını duyurdu. Her iki tarafta da savaş rüzgârları esiyordu. Ancak son tahlilde taraflar, işleri tamamen içinden çıkılmaz hale getirebilecek bir savaşı göze alamadı. Gerçekte, Mudanya Mütarekesi esaslarına dayanan Türk Hükümeti'nin almış olduğu önlemler meşru idi. İtilaf Devletleri'nin, Mondros Mütarekesi çerçevesindeki mesnetsiz ısrarları yeni ve bağımsız Türk Devleti'ni kabullenemediklerini gösteriyordu. Nihayet Türk tarafını temsil eden İsmet Paşa ve Adnan Bey'in soğukkanlı yaklaşımları, uzlaşma siyasetini ön plana çıkardı. Tansiyon giderek düştü. "Anadolu'ya açılan kapı" olarak da nitelendirilen İzmir'in stratejik önemi bir kez daha anlaşıldı
Izmir has always been an important center because of its geographical and strategical location. Izmir came to the fore one more time when the Indepence War resulted in victory (1922). In the process of Lausanne Peace Talks the issue of foreign warships in Izmir Port consisted one of the source of tension. A possible war was prevented by diplomatic intiatives. Adnan (Adıvar) Bey who was Istanbul representative of B.M.M., played a critical role in this process. When Allied Powers claimed the provisions of Armistice of Mudros were valid, B.M.M. refused it. In the meantime, İsmet Pasha didn't compromise the position of Turkish side in Lausanne; therefore, negotiations were suspended (4 February 1923). B.M.M. declared that the warships greater than 1000 ton were not allowed to enter to Izmir Port, otherwise it's considered an act of war. The winds of war were blowing on both sides. However, parties could not afford an intractable war. Turkey claimed that her position was legitimate according to the principles of Mudanya Armistice while Allied Powers unwilling to accept the establishment of an independent Turkish state. Finally, cold-headed approaches of İsmet Pasha and Adnan Bey brought a reconciliation; their efforts reduced the tension gradually. Izmir, a gateway to Anatolia, has proved once again its strategical importance.
Izmir has always been an important center because of its geographical and strategical location. Izmir came to the fore one more time when the Indepence War resulted in victory (1922). In the process of Lausanne Peace Talks the issue of foreign warships in Izmir Port consisted one of the source of tension. A possible war was prevented by diplomatic intiatives. Adnan (Adıvar) Bey who was Istanbul representative of B.M.M., played a critical role in this process. When Allied Powers claimed the provisions of Armistice of Mudros were valid, B.M.M. refused it. In the meantime, İsmet Pasha didn't compromise the position of Turkish side in Lausanne; therefore, negotiations were suspended (4 February 1923). B.M.M. declared that the warships greater than 1000 ton were not allowed to enter to Izmir Port, otherwise it's considered an act of war. The winds of war were blowing on both sides. However, parties could not afford an intractable war. Turkey claimed that her position was legitimate according to the principles of Mudanya Armistice while Allied Powers unwilling to accept the establishment of an independent Turkish state. Finally, cold-headed approaches of İsmet Pasha and Adnan Bey brought a reconciliation; their efforts reduced the tension gradually. Izmir, a gateway to Anatolia, has proved once again its strategical importance.