Publication: Yoğurtçu parkı ve moda parkı (kadıköy) yöresi’nin polinizasyon olayları ve alerjik polenlerinin saptanması
Abstract
YOĞURTÇU PARKI VE MODA PARKI( KADIKÖY) YÖRESİ’ NİN POLİNİZASYON OLAYLARI VE ALERJİK POLENLERİNİN SAPTANMASI Atmosferdeki polen ve sporları inceleyen bilim dalı olarak tanımlanan aeropalinoloji özellikle allerjen polen ve sporların kaynaklarını, yayılışlarını, taşınma şekillerini ve canlı organizmalar üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmaktadır. Ayrıca havadaki, aylık, haftalık, günlük ve hatta saatlik değişimi ve bu değişim üzerine etki eden meteorolojik faktörler gibi etmenlerle bağlantısını incelemektedir. Atmosferdeki polen ve spor miktarlarının bilinmesi, allerji rahatsızlıklarının tanı ve tedavisinde kullanıldığı gibi ürün miktarının arttırılmasında da kullanılmaktadır. Çalışmamızda İstanbul-Kadıköy Yöresinde belirlenen bölgelerde ( Moda ve Yoğurtçu Parkı ) polen hareketleri aylık ve haftalık periyotlarda saptanarak hangi cins polenler oldukları belirlenmiş ve daha sonra bu yöreye ait aylık polen haritaları yapılmıştır. Araştırmamızda belirlenen bölgelerden on iki aylık süre ile toplanan çiçekli bitki örnekleri pres edilerek herbaryum örneği haline getirilmiştir. Toplanan bitki örneklerinden alınan polenlerden aynı gün içinde Wodehouse metoduyla referans preparatları hazırlanmıştır. Araştırmamızın esas materyalini oluşturan ve Gravimetrik yöntem uygulanarak belirlenen bölgelere Durham aleti yerleştirilmiş ve yakalanan polenler daimi preparat haline getirilmiş ve bu polenlerin hangi bitkilere ait olduğu mikroskop altında teşhis ve tayin edilmiştir. Ayrıca belirlenen polenlerin alerjik özellikleri ve aylara göre atmosferdeki yoğunlukları tespit edilmiştir. Klimatik faktörlerin tozlaşmaya etkisini araştırmak amacıyla Meteoroloji Genel Müdürlüğü Bilgi İşlem Dairesinden alınan veriler kullanılmıştır. Bu klimatik faktörlerin (rüzgar, sıcaklık, yağış ve nem miktarı) polen tozlaşmasına etkisi değerlendirilmiştir. Ocak 2005- Aralık 2005 tarihleri arasında Kadıköy Yöresi Yoğurtçu Parkında 26 farklı taksona ait toplam 2877 adet polen tespit edilmiştir. Tespit edilen polenlerin 2104 tanesi ( %73,13 ) odunsu, 749 tanesi otsu (%26,03 ) taksonlara aittir. 24 tanesi ise ( %0,83 ) tanımlanamamıştır. Aynı tarihler arasında Kadıköy Yöresi Moda Parkında 22 farklı taksona ait toplam 1629 adet polen tespit edilmiştir. Tespit edilen polenlerin1246 tanesi (% 76,49 ) odunsu, 358 tanesi otsu (%21,98 ) taksonlara aittir. 25 tanesi ise ( %1,53 ) tanımlananmamıştır. Çalışma alanımızda ise toplam 33 taksona ait 4506 adet polen tespit edilmiş, bu polenlerin 3350 tanesi (%74,35 ) odunsu, 1107 tanesi (%24,57 ) otsu taksonlara aittir. Sıcaklığın en yüksek olduğu ay 25,2ºC ile Ağustos 2005 olup, en yüksek nem oranı % 79 ile Ekim 2005 ayıdır. Ortalama rüzgar hızının en yüksek olduğu ay 2,8 m/ sec ile Mart 2005’tir. Yaptığımız çalışmada yakalanan polenlerden Acer negundo, Aesculus hippocastanum, Cupressus sempervirens, Pinus pinaster, Platanus orientalis, Quercus ilex , Salix caprea türleri alerjik etkileri oldukları bilinen odunsu bitki polenleridir. Otsu bitki polenlerinden Poaceae familyası oldukça alerjen polen üreten taksonlara sahiptir. Bu polenlerin en yoğun olduğu dönemler Mayıs ve Haziran aylarıdır. Sıcaklığın yüksek olduğu yaz aylarında da otsu familyalar ve Poaceae familyasına ait türler polen vermeye devam etmektedir. Ancak çalışma bölgesinin çimlerinin biçilmesi nedeniyle beklenen miktarda otsu bitki polenlerine rastlanmamıştır. Çalışmamızda polenlerin aylık yayılışlarının ortaya konması ve alerjiye sebep olan polenlerin belirlenmesi; bu polenlere duyarlı insanların daha dikkatli olmasını ve alerjik sorunların daha aza indirgenmesini sağlayacaktır
THE POLLINATION EVENTS AND IDENTIFICATION OF ALLERGIC POLLENS AT MODA PARK AND YOĞURTÇU PARK (KADIKÖY) AREA Aeropalinology is a branch of science which examines pollens and spores in the atmosphere. It examines source of allergen pollens and spores, their distributions, their moving activities and their effects on organisms. Besides, aeropalinology searches the change in the air as monthly, weekly, daily and even changes happens in an hour, and also the connection between the change and the meteorological factors. If quantity of pollen and spore in the atmosphere is known, this knowledge can be used for diagnosis of allergic illness and cure. We studied, worked to collect pollens in İstanbul, Kadıköy (Moda and Yoğurtçu Park) area. Then, we determined the pollen movements as monthly and weekly periods. This helped us to identify the pollen species. Later we defined the monthly pollen maps for this area. Flowered plant patterns each of which are picked during 12 months from the selected area has been pressed to become a sample of herbarium. Reference preparations were made by using Wodehouse method in the same day from the pollens taken from picked plants. Durham instrument which is the main research material has been placed in certain areas using Gravimetric method, and catched pollens had been converted into constant preparation. Those pollens have been identified under microscope. Additionally, their allergic features and density according to the months have been stated. The data, taken from the Data Processing Department of Meteorology Head Office, has been used to search the effect of climatic factors on the pollination. It has been identified 2877 pollens from 26 different taxa in Kadıköy, Yoğurtçu Park between January 2005 – December 2005. 2104 ( %73,13 ) of the identified pollen are ligneous, 749 (%26,03 ) of them are herbaceous pollens, 24 ( %0,83 ) of them are unidentified. On the same dates, it has been identified 1629 pollens from 22 different taxa in Kadıköy, Moda park. 1246 ( %76,49 ) of the identified pollens are belonged to ligneous, 358 (%21,98 ) of them are belonged to herbaceous taxa. 25 ( %1,53 ) of them are unidentified. In our research area, totally 4506 pollens belonged to 33 taxa have been identified. 3350 (%74,35 ) of these pollens are ligneous, 1107 (%24,57 ) of them are belonged to herbaceous taxa. The hottest month with the 25,2 (ºC) temperature is August, the highest humidity is seen in October 2005 with the percentage of % 79 in the area. The highest average wind speed is seen in March 2005 – 2,82 m/ sec. In our study, the pollens caught were: Acer negundo, Aesculus hippocastanum, Cupressus sempervirens Pinus pinaster, Platanus orientalis, Quercus ilex , Salix caprea. These ligneous pollens had allergic effects. Herbaceous plant family Poaceae produces allergic pollens., Herbaceous families and Poaceae family produce pollens in mainly May and Jun. Because the lawn was cut, anticipated amount of ligneous plant pollen had not been seen. To reveal how much pollen spread out in which months and to define which pollen cause allergic reactions will provide hypersensitive people to become more careful. So the allergic problems will be decreased.
THE POLLINATION EVENTS AND IDENTIFICATION OF ALLERGIC POLLENS AT MODA PARK AND YOĞURTÇU PARK (KADIKÖY) AREA Aeropalinology is a branch of science which examines pollens and spores in the atmosphere. It examines source of allergen pollens and spores, their distributions, their moving activities and their effects on organisms. Besides, aeropalinology searches the change in the air as monthly, weekly, daily and even changes happens in an hour, and also the connection between the change and the meteorological factors. If quantity of pollen and spore in the atmosphere is known, this knowledge can be used for diagnosis of allergic illness and cure. We studied, worked to collect pollens in İstanbul, Kadıköy (Moda and Yoğurtçu Park) area. Then, we determined the pollen movements as monthly and weekly periods. This helped us to identify the pollen species. Later we defined the monthly pollen maps for this area. Flowered plant patterns each of which are picked during 12 months from the selected area has been pressed to become a sample of herbarium. Reference preparations were made by using Wodehouse method in the same day from the pollens taken from picked plants. Durham instrument which is the main research material has been placed in certain areas using Gravimetric method, and catched pollens had been converted into constant preparation. Those pollens have been identified under microscope. Additionally, their allergic features and density according to the months have been stated. The data, taken from the Data Processing Department of Meteorology Head Office, has been used to search the effect of climatic factors on the pollination. It has been identified 2877 pollens from 26 different taxa in Kadıköy, Yoğurtçu Park between January 2005 – December 2005. 2104 ( %73,13 ) of the identified pollen are ligneous, 749 (%26,03 ) of them are herbaceous pollens, 24 ( %0,83 ) of them are unidentified. On the same dates, it has been identified 1629 pollens from 22 different taxa in Kadıköy, Moda park. 1246 ( %76,49 ) of the identified pollens are belonged to ligneous, 358 (%21,98 ) of them are belonged to herbaceous taxa. 25 ( %1,53 ) of them are unidentified. In our research area, totally 4506 pollens belonged to 33 taxa have been identified. 3350 (%74,35 ) of these pollens are ligneous, 1107 (%24,57 ) of them are belonged to herbaceous taxa. The hottest month with the 25,2 (ºC) temperature is August, the highest humidity is seen in October 2005 with the percentage of % 79 in the area. The highest average wind speed is seen in March 2005 – 2,82 m/ sec. In our study, the pollens caught were: Acer negundo, Aesculus hippocastanum, Cupressus sempervirens Pinus pinaster, Platanus orientalis, Quercus ilex , Salix caprea. These ligneous pollens had allergic effects. Herbaceous plant family Poaceae produces allergic pollens., Herbaceous families and Poaceae family produce pollens in mainly May and Jun. Because the lawn was cut, anticipated amount of ligneous plant pollen had not been seen. To reveal how much pollen spread out in which months and to define which pollen cause allergic reactions will provide hypersensitive people to become more careful. So the allergic problems will be decreased.