Publication: Ebu’l-Hüseyin El-Basri’nin nesih anlayışı
Abstract
EBU’L-HÜSEYİN EL-BASRİ’NİN NESİH ANLAYIŞI Genel olarak şer‘î bir hükmün daha sonra gelen şer‘î bir hükümle yürürlükten kaldırılması şeklinde tanımlanan nesih farklı disiplinler tarafından ele alınarak araştırmaya konu olan önemli kavramlardan biridir. Müslümanlar arasında neshin aklen câiz şer’an vaki olduğu hakkında şâz sayılabilecek bazı kimseler istisna tutulursa ittifak vardır. Kur’an ve sünnet naslarını en doğru şekilde anlamak, zahirde birbiriyle çelişkili gibi görünen nasların telifi, doğru hükümlere ulaşmak, yürürlükte olan hükümlerle yürürlükte olmayanların tespitini yapmak gibi meselelerle ilişkisi sebebiyle fıkıh usûlü ilmi için de konu olan nesih kavramı, mahiyeti ve içeriği açısından usûl âlimleri arasında çok tartışılmıştır. Bu çalışmada Mu‘tezile’nin önde gelen temsilcilerinden biri olan Ebu’l-Hüseyin el-Basrî’nin mütekellim metoduna göre yazılan el-Mu`temed adlı usûl eserinden hareketle onun neshin tanımı, mahiyeti, neshin imkânı, vaki olması, Kur’an’daki nesih çeşitleri, birbirini neshedip edemeyen deliller gibi nesihle ilgili hususlardaki görüşleri tespit edilmeye ve Basrî’nin kendine özgü tercihleri ve kanaatleri ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır.
EBU’L-HÜSEYİN EL-BASRİ’S UNDERSTANDİNG OF NASKH Naskh (abrogation), which is defined as the abrogating of a legal ruling with a later legal ruling, is one of the important concepts that is the subject of research by different disciplines. There is an agreement among Muslims that Nasikh is permissible mentally, exists legally, with the exception of some rare opposite views. Naskh is a topic treated and discussed in Islamic jurisprudence in terms of ints essence and content as well, since it is connected to the problems such as understanding the Qur'an and the Sunnah in the most correct way, the method of interpreting the texts that seem contradictory on the surface, achieving the right rulings, and identifying the ones that are in effect and those that are not in effect. In this study, it is aimed to detect the views of Ebu'l-Huseyin al-Basrî, who is one of the prominent representatives of the Mu'tazila, in his work called al-Mu'temed, which was written according to mutakallimin method on issues related to naskh, such as the definition of naskh, its nature, possibility of naskh, its occurrence, the types of naskh in the Qur'an, the sources that can abrogate and cannot abrogate each other. We will try to convey Basrî's unique preferences and opinions as much as we can.
EBU’L-HÜSEYİN EL-BASRİ’S UNDERSTANDİNG OF NASKH Naskh (abrogation), which is defined as the abrogating of a legal ruling with a later legal ruling, is one of the important concepts that is the subject of research by different disciplines. There is an agreement among Muslims that Nasikh is permissible mentally, exists legally, with the exception of some rare opposite views. Naskh is a topic treated and discussed in Islamic jurisprudence in terms of ints essence and content as well, since it is connected to the problems such as understanding the Qur'an and the Sunnah in the most correct way, the method of interpreting the texts that seem contradictory on the surface, achieving the right rulings, and identifying the ones that are in effect and those that are not in effect. In this study, it is aimed to detect the views of Ebu'l-Huseyin al-Basrî, who is one of the prominent representatives of the Mu'tazila, in his work called al-Mu'temed, which was written according to mutakallimin method on issues related to naskh, such as the definition of naskh, its nature, possibility of naskh, its occurrence, the types of naskh in the Qur'an, the sources that can abrogate and cannot abrogate each other. We will try to convey Basrî's unique preferences and opinions as much as we can.