Publication: Yenidoğan bebeği ölen ebeveynlerin yas sürecine yardım
Abstract
YENİDOĞAN BEBEĞİ ÖLEN EBEVEYNLERİN YAS SÜRECİNE YARDIM Hatice Yıldız Bu çalışma, yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitesinde (YYBÜ) tedavi edilirken ölen bebeklerin ebeveynlerine verilen destekleyici hemşirelik bakımının, onların yas sürecini sağlıklı atlatmalarına etkisini belirlemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Örnekleme 154 anne-baba (78 deney, 76 kontrol) alındı. Veri toplama aracı olarak, Teksas Düzeltilmiş Yas Envanteri (TDYE), Yaşam Olaylarının Etkisini Değerlendirme Ölçeği (YOEDÖ-G), Kısa Semptom Envanteri (KSE), Başetme Yöntemleri Envanteri (COPE), Gözlem ve Görüşme Formu kullanılmıştır. Hastanede deney grubu ebeveynlere bir broşür eşliğinde stresle baş etme yöntemleri anlatılmış, bebekleri öldüğünde onu görmeleri sağlanmıştır. 1. Ev ziyaretinde araştırmacının hazırladığı bir kitapçık eşliğinde yas sürecine dair bilgi verilmiştir. Ebeveynlerle bebek ölmeden önce hastanede bir, öldükten sonra dört kez olmak üzere toplam beş defa görüşülmüştür. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistiksel metodların (Ortalama, Standart Sapma, Frekans ve Yüzde Dağılımları) yanı sıra niceliksel verilerin karşılaştırılmasında bağımlı/ bağımsız gruplarda t testi,X2,Mann-Whitney U ve Kruskal Wallis testi, Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ve Korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Çalışma bulgularına göre; deney ve kontrol grubunun TDYE puanları 3 ve 6. ayda farklılık göstermezken 1. yılda “şimdiki hisler alt boyutunda” deney grubu lehine farklılık göstermiştir. Yine TDYE puanlarına göre tüm ebeveynlerin yas reaksiyonu zamanla azalma göstermiştir. Her iki grupta da annelerin babalara göre daha yoğun yas yaşadıkları bulunmuştur. Deney grubunda öldükten sonra bebeğini gören/ dokunan ve bebeğine ait fotoğrafa sahip olan ebeveynlerin TDYE puanlarının yüksek bulunmuştur. TDYE puanlarının yüksek olması yasa uyumun daha iyi olduğunu göstermektedir. Bebek ölümüne uyumu destekleyici hemşirelik yaklaşımları, yasın akut dönemi olan ilk 6 aydaki ebeveyn tepkilerini belirgin şekilde etkilememiş, ancak 1 yıl sonraki tepkilerini olumlu yönde etkilemiştir. Anahtar Sözcükler: ebeveyn, hemşirelik, yas desteği, yenidoğan.
Support of Parents Who Lost Their Neonatal Infants in The Grief Process Hatice Yıldız This study has been carried to determine the effect of supportive nursing care provided to parents in their grief process following loss of an infant during treatment in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) on how effectively they overcome the grief process. The sample included 154 parents (78 in the experiment, 76 in the control group). The Texas Revised Inventory of Grief (TRIG), Effects of Life Events Inventory, Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), Coping Strategies Inventory (COPE), and an Observation and Interview Form were used for data collection. The parents in the experiment group were described the methods to cope with stress with the guidance of a broshure in the hospital and they were allowed to see the deceased infant. During the first home visit, they were given information on the grief process using a booklet developed by the researchers. A total of five visits were carried out with the parents, one before and four after the loss of the infant. Descriptive statistical methods (means, standard deviations, frequencies and percentage distributions) as well as t test, X2, Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis test for comparison of quantitative data in dependent/ independent sets and confirmatory factor analysis and correlation analysis were used for data analyses. According to the findings of the study, TRIG scores did not differ significantly between the experiment and control groups at months 3 and 6, while the subscale “current emotions” at year 1 differed significantly in the favor of the experiment group. TRIG scores also showed a decrease in grief reactions by time for all parents. In both groups, mothers were noted to experience more intense grief than fathers (p:0.02). Parents in the experiment group, who saw/ touched the infant after death and/ or who had a photograph of the infant, had higher TRIG scores. Higher TRIG scores indicate better adoption to loss. Nursing approaches supportive of adoption to infant death did not markedly influence parent responses during the first six months following the loss, which is the acute phase of grief, but had a positive impact on their responses after one year. Key Words: parent, nursing, grief support, neonatal.
Support of Parents Who Lost Their Neonatal Infants in The Grief Process Hatice Yıldız This study has been carried to determine the effect of supportive nursing care provided to parents in their grief process following loss of an infant during treatment in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) on how effectively they overcome the grief process. The sample included 154 parents (78 in the experiment, 76 in the control group). The Texas Revised Inventory of Grief (TRIG), Effects of Life Events Inventory, Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), Coping Strategies Inventory (COPE), and an Observation and Interview Form were used for data collection. The parents in the experiment group were described the methods to cope with stress with the guidance of a broshure in the hospital and they were allowed to see the deceased infant. During the first home visit, they were given information on the grief process using a booklet developed by the researchers. A total of five visits were carried out with the parents, one before and four after the loss of the infant. Descriptive statistical methods (means, standard deviations, frequencies and percentage distributions) as well as t test, X2, Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis test for comparison of quantitative data in dependent/ independent sets and confirmatory factor analysis and correlation analysis were used for data analyses. According to the findings of the study, TRIG scores did not differ significantly between the experiment and control groups at months 3 and 6, while the subscale “current emotions” at year 1 differed significantly in the favor of the experiment group. TRIG scores also showed a decrease in grief reactions by time for all parents. In both groups, mothers were noted to experience more intense grief than fathers (p:0.02). Parents in the experiment group, who saw/ touched the infant after death and/ or who had a photograph of the infant, had higher TRIG scores. Higher TRIG scores indicate better adoption to loss. Nursing approaches supportive of adoption to infant death did not markedly influence parent responses during the first six months following the loss, which is the acute phase of grief, but had a positive impact on their responses after one year. Key Words: parent, nursing, grief support, neonatal.