Publication: Düzenli egzersiz yapan genç bireylerin antropometrik özellikleri, kassal dayanıklılık ve güç parametrelerinin incelenmesi
Abstract
Amaç: Araştırmanın amacı, en az iki yıldır haftada üç gün düzenli egzersiz yapan sağlıklı bireyler ile egzersiz yapmayan sağlıklı bireylerin antropometrik özellikleri, kassal dayanıklılık ve patlayıcı güç parametreleri arasında farklılıklar olup olmadığını ortaya çıkarmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırmaya İstanbul’da ikamet eden, sağlıklı, 18-31 yaşları arasında (yaş ortalaması= 21,2; SS= 3,62) toplam 30 erkek katılmıştır. Sporcu ve sedanter olmak üzere iki grup oluşturulmuştur. Normallik testi için Shapiro-Wilk, grup karşılaştırmaları için ise Mann Whitney-U testi kullanılmıştır (p<0,05). Katılımcıların boy, kilo gibi ölçümleri stadiometre ve vücut analizörü ile; çevre ve uzunluk ölçümleri mezura, deri altı yağ kalınlığı ölçümleri ise kaliper ile yapılmıştır. Kassal dayanıklılık şınav, plank ve squat testleriyle, patlayıcı güç ise pliometrik şınav ve squat sıçraması testleriyle değerlendirilmiş ve Kistler kuvvet platformunda uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Gruplar arasında vücut kütle indeksi, vücut yağ yüzdesi, bel ve karın çevresi, bel- kalça oranı, arka kol, sırt, göğüs, yan, karın ve baldır deri altı yağ kalınlığı sporcularda daha düşük; kas ve su yüzdesi, el uzunluğu sporcularda daha yüksek bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Squat sıçraması verilerinde uçuş zamanı, sıçrama hızı, sıçrama yüksekliği, zirve kuvveti ve reaktif güç indeksi sporcularda daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). Sporcu (r=,814; p<0,01) ve sedanterlerde (r=,811; p<0,01) reaktif güç indeksi ile sıçrama yüksekliği arasında güçlü pozitif korelasyon bulunmuştur. Sporcu ve sedanterlerde sıçrama yüksekliği ile kuvvet geliştirme oranı arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır (p>0,05). Ayrıca, şınav süresi ve tekrar sayısı sporcularda daha yüksek bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Sonuç: Bu çalışmada, iki yıl veya daha uzun süre düzenli egzersiz yapan sağlıklı bireylerin sedanter bireylere göre vücut yağ yüzdesinin azaldığı, kas kütlesi, şınav tekrar sayıları, sıçrama hızı ve sıçrama yüksekliğinin arttığı gösterilmiştir.
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether there are differences in anthropometric characteristics, muscular endurance and explosive power parameters between healthy individuals who have been exercising regularly three days a week for at least two years and healthy individuals who have not exercised. Materials and Methods: A total of 30 healthy men between the ages of 18 and 31 (mean age= 21.2; SD= 3.62) residing in Istanbul participated in the study. Two groups were formed as athlete and sedentary. Shapiro-Wilk test was used for normality test and Mann Whitney-U test was used for group comparisons (p<0.05). Height and weight measurements of the participants were made with a stadiometer and body analyzer; circumference and length measurements were made with a tape measure and subcutaneous fat thickness measurements were made with a caliper. Muscular endurance was assessed by push-up, plank and squat tests, and explosive power was assessed by plyometric push-up and squat jump tests and all tests were performed on the Kistler force platform. Results: Body mass index, body fat percentage, waist and abdominal circumference, waist-hip ratio, posterior arm, back, chest, side, abdomen and calf subcutaneous fat thickness were lower in athletes; muscle and water percentage, hand length were higher in athletes comparing to sedantary (p<0.05). In squat jump data, time of flight, jump speed, jump height, peak force and reactive power index were found to be higher in athletes (p<0.05). A strong positive correlation was found between reactive power index and jump height in athletes (r=.814; p<0.01) and sedentary subjects (r=.811; p<0.01). No statistically significant difference was found between athletes and sedentary individuals in terms of jump height and rate of force development (p>0.05). In addition, push-up duration and number of repetitions were found to be higher in athletes (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study clearly shows that regular exercise for two years or more reduces body fat, increases muscle mass, push-up repetition counts, jump speed and jump height compared to sedentary individuals.
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether there are differences in anthropometric characteristics, muscular endurance and explosive power parameters between healthy individuals who have been exercising regularly three days a week for at least two years and healthy individuals who have not exercised. Materials and Methods: A total of 30 healthy men between the ages of 18 and 31 (mean age= 21.2; SD= 3.62) residing in Istanbul participated in the study. Two groups were formed as athlete and sedentary. Shapiro-Wilk test was used for normality test and Mann Whitney-U test was used for group comparisons (p<0.05). Height and weight measurements of the participants were made with a stadiometer and body analyzer; circumference and length measurements were made with a tape measure and subcutaneous fat thickness measurements were made with a caliper. Muscular endurance was assessed by push-up, plank and squat tests, and explosive power was assessed by plyometric push-up and squat jump tests and all tests were performed on the Kistler force platform. Results: Body mass index, body fat percentage, waist and abdominal circumference, waist-hip ratio, posterior arm, back, chest, side, abdomen and calf subcutaneous fat thickness were lower in athletes; muscle and water percentage, hand length were higher in athletes comparing to sedantary (p<0.05). In squat jump data, time of flight, jump speed, jump height, peak force and reactive power index were found to be higher in athletes (p<0.05). A strong positive correlation was found between reactive power index and jump height in athletes (r=.814; p<0.01) and sedentary subjects (r=.811; p<0.01). No statistically significant difference was found between athletes and sedentary individuals in terms of jump height and rate of force development (p>0.05). In addition, push-up duration and number of repetitions were found to be higher in athletes (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study clearly shows that regular exercise for two years or more reduces body fat, increases muscle mass, push-up repetition counts, jump speed and jump height compared to sedentary individuals.