Publication: Spastisite ve fizyoterapisi
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Türkiye Klinikleri
Abstract
Spastisite; santral sinir sistemi hasarına bağlı gelişen, multidispliner yaklaşım gerektiren hareket bozukluğu ile karakterize bir klinik tablodur. Spastisite mekanizmaları oldukça karmaşıktır. Ana problem spinal refleks kontrolü kaybıdır. Hıza bağlı kas tonusundaki artış nedeniyle hastaların fiziksel kapasiteleri ve günlük yaşamları etkilenir. Bu sebeple spastisite tedavisi basitçe tonus azalmaktan ziyade fonksiyonu optimize etmek ve komplikasyonları önlemeyi amaçlamalıdır. Mevcut tedavi yaklaşımları oldukça çeşitlidir ancak hasta için en uygun tedavi yöntemini seçebilmek için detaylı ve dikkatli bir klinik değerlendirme yapılmalıdır. Bu yazıda fizyoterapi kliniklerinde sıklıkla kullanılan değerlendirme ve tedavi yaklaşımlarından kısaca bahsedilirken spastisite mekanizmaları en basit şekliyle açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır.
Spasticity is a clinical condition due to central nervous system damage and characterized by movement disorder requiring a multidisciplinary approach. Spasticity mechanisms are quite complex. The main problem is loss of spinal reflex control. Due to the speed dependent increase in muscle tone, the physical capacities of the patients and their daily lives are affected. Therefore, spasticity management should aim optimizing function and avoiding complications rather than simply reducing tonus. Current treatment approaches are quite diverse, but a detailed and careful clinical evaluation is required to select the most appropriate treatment for the patient. In this article, the evaluation and treatment approaches that are frequently used in physiotherapy clinics are briefly mentioned while the spasticity mechanisms have been tried to be explained in the simplest way.
Spasticity is a clinical condition due to central nervous system damage and characterized by movement disorder requiring a multidisciplinary approach. Spasticity mechanisms are quite complex. The main problem is loss of spinal reflex control. Due to the speed dependent increase in muscle tone, the physical capacities of the patients and their daily lives are affected. Therefore, spasticity management should aim optimizing function and avoiding complications rather than simply reducing tonus. Current treatment approaches are quite diverse, but a detailed and careful clinical evaluation is required to select the most appropriate treatment for the patient. In this article, the evaluation and treatment approaches that are frequently used in physiotherapy clinics are briefly mentioned while the spasticity mechanisms have been tried to be explained in the simplest way.
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DEMİRBÜKEN İ., OĞUZ S., Spastisite ve Fizyoterapisi, "Nörolojik Hastalıklarda Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon", Mutluay Fatma, Editör, Türkiye Klinikleri, Ankara, ss.52-57, 2018
