Publication: Güvenlik politikalarında aktörler ve kimlik : 2007 sonrası Türkiye örneği
Abstract
Çift kutuplu dünya düzeninin sona ermesi ve küreselleşmenin ivmelenmesi ile uluslararası sistemin işleyişi değişmiştir. Bu yeni düzende hem yöneten-yönetilen ilişkisi hem de güvenlik-kimlik ilişkisi ön plana çıkmıştır. Günümüzde devletlerin yönetim mekanizmalarında gayri resmi aktörlerin etkinliğinin artması sonucunda kamu politikaları sürecinde bu aktörlerin kimlikleri ve güvenlik tanımlamaları da dikkate alınmaya başlanmıştır. Buna bağlı olarak kamu politikaları; güvenlik ve kimlik temelinde resmi, gayri resmi ve uluslararası aktörlerin birbirleriyle olan etkileşimi sonucunda çeşitli niteliklerde ve düzeylerde oluşmaktadır. Bu tezin amacı ise maddi ve manevi unsurların ötesinde “kimliğin”, kamu politikası sürecine olan etkisini ortaya koymaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda bu tezde ilk olarak “kamu politikaları”nın ve “güvenlik”in kavramsal çerçevesi sunulmaktadır. Tezin dördüncü bölümünde, Türkiye’de 2007-2018 yılları arasında gerçekleşen ve kamuoyuna yansıyan güvenlik temelli sorunlar (2007 yılında gerçekleşen cumhurbaşkanlığı seçimi krizi ile başlayan süreci, demokratik açılım, anayasa referandumu, Gezi Olayları, FETÖ/ Paralel Devlet Yapılanması, MİT Krizi, 15 Temmuz Darbe Kalkışması, OHAL, Hükümet Sistemi Değişikliği) kamu politikası çerçevesinde durum analizi yöntemi ile ortaya konulmuştur.
With the end of the bipolar world order and the acceleration of globalization, the functioning of the international system has changed. In this new order, both the governing-governed relationship and the security-identity relationship have come to the fore. Today, as a result of the increase in the effectiveness of nongovernmental actors in the governance mechanisms of states, the identities and security definitions of these actors have started to be taken into account in the process of public policies. Accordingly, public policies are formed in various qualities and levels as a result of the interaction of formal, nongovernmental and international actors on the basis of security and identity. The aim of this thesis is to reveal the effect of identity on the public policy process, beyond the material and moral factors. In accordance with this purpose, firstly, the conceptual framework of public policies and security is presented in this thesis. In the fourth part of the thesis, which took place between the years of 2007-2018 in Turkey and the security-based problems reflected on the public (the process that began with the presidential election crisis in 2007, the democratic initiative, referendum on the constitution, Attractions Events, FETÖ / Parallel State Structuring, MIT Crisis, July 15 Coup Attempt, State of Emergency, Government System Change) have been put forward in the framework of public policy through the situation analysis method.
With the end of the bipolar world order and the acceleration of globalization, the functioning of the international system has changed. In this new order, both the governing-governed relationship and the security-identity relationship have come to the fore. Today, as a result of the increase in the effectiveness of nongovernmental actors in the governance mechanisms of states, the identities and security definitions of these actors have started to be taken into account in the process of public policies. Accordingly, public policies are formed in various qualities and levels as a result of the interaction of formal, nongovernmental and international actors on the basis of security and identity. The aim of this thesis is to reveal the effect of identity on the public policy process, beyond the material and moral factors. In accordance with this purpose, firstly, the conceptual framework of public policies and security is presented in this thesis. In the fourth part of the thesis, which took place between the years of 2007-2018 in Turkey and the security-based problems reflected on the public (the process that began with the presidential election crisis in 2007, the democratic initiative, referendum on the constitution, Attractions Events, FETÖ / Parallel State Structuring, MIT Crisis, July 15 Coup Attempt, State of Emergency, Government System Change) have been put forward in the framework of public policy through the situation analysis method.