Publication: COVID-19 ekseninde Türkiye’deki sağlık sigorta şirketlerinin performansları : çok kriterli karar verme yöntemleriyle analizi
Abstract
Sigorta şirketleri, yürüttükleri faaliyetler sayesinde finansal sistemde önemli bir yere sahiptir. Bu bağlamda, ilgili şirketlerin performanslarının ölçülmesi ve objektif bir biçimde değerlendirilmesi önem arz etmektedir. Özellikle COVID-19 pandemisinin etkileme potansiyeli göz önüne alındığında, bu şirketlerin sağlık branşındaki performanslarının incelenmesi daha fazla önem kazanmaktadır. Buradan hareketle, bu tez çalışmasında COVID-19 ekseninde Türkiye’de sağlık branşında ruhsat sahibi sigorta şirketlerinin performanslarının analiz edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu bağlamda, şirketlerin sekiz adet branş bazlı teknik değerlendirme ölçütünden faydalanılmıştır. Şirketlerin performanslarının değerlendirilmesi için Criteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation (CRITIC), Method based on the Removal Effects of Criteria (MEREC) ve Measurement Alternatives and Ranking according to Compromise Solution (MARCOS) yöntemlerinden oluşan karar verme modeli kullanılmıştır. Ölçütlerin ağırlık skorları CRITIC ve MEREC ağırlıklandırma yöntemleriyle saptanmıştır. Şirketlerin performans skorlarının belirlenerek sıralanmasında ise MARCOS yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca, önerilen modelin geçerliliğini desteklemek adına duyarlılık analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın çıktıları, en yüksek önem ağırlığına sahip ölçütün ilk üç yılda Poliçe Sayısı, 2022 yılında Teknik Kârlılık Oranı ve kalan üç yılda Brüt Prim olduğunu göstermiştir. Diğer yandan, performans sıralaması sonuçlarının istikrarlı bir seyir izlemediği; COVID-19 ekseninde SF1, SF11, SF17 ve SF18 şirketleri haricinde diğer şirketlerde önemli bir farklılaşmanın yaşanmadığı görülmüştür. Ayrıca, gerçekleştirilen duyarlılık analizleri, sonuçların geçerliliğini ve modelin uygulanabilirliğini destekler nitelikte sonuç vermiştir.
Insurance companies hold a significant position within the financial system due to the activities they undertake. In this context, measuring and objectively evaluating the performance of the relevant companies is important. Particularly considering the potential of the COVID-19 pandemic to influence, examining the performance of these companies in the health branch has gained increased importance. Based on this, this thesis study aims to analyze the performance of insurance companies licensed in the health branch in Türkiye within the context of COVID-19. In this context, eight branch-based technical evaluation criteria of the companies were utilized. A decision-making model comprising CRITIC, MEREC and MARCOS methods was used to evaluate the performance of the companies. The weight scores of the criteria were determined by CRITIC and MEREC weighting methods. The MARCOS method was used to determine and rank the performance scores of the companies. Additionally, sensitivity analyses were conducted to support the validity of the proposed model. The findings of the study revealed that the criterion with the highest importance weight was the Number of Policies in the first three years, the Technical Profitability Ratio in 2022, and the Gross Premium in the remaining three years. On the other hand, the performance ranking results did not exhibit a stable trend, and within the context of COVID-19, apart from companies SF1, SF11, SF17, and SF18, no significant variation was observed among the others. Moreover, the sensitivity analyses conducted yielded results that support the validity of the findings and the applicability of the model.
Insurance companies hold a significant position within the financial system due to the activities they undertake. In this context, measuring and objectively evaluating the performance of the relevant companies is important. Particularly considering the potential of the COVID-19 pandemic to influence, examining the performance of these companies in the health branch has gained increased importance. Based on this, this thesis study aims to analyze the performance of insurance companies licensed in the health branch in Türkiye within the context of COVID-19. In this context, eight branch-based technical evaluation criteria of the companies were utilized. A decision-making model comprising CRITIC, MEREC and MARCOS methods was used to evaluate the performance of the companies. The weight scores of the criteria were determined by CRITIC and MEREC weighting methods. The MARCOS method was used to determine and rank the performance scores of the companies. Additionally, sensitivity analyses were conducted to support the validity of the proposed model. The findings of the study revealed that the criterion with the highest importance weight was the Number of Policies in the first three years, the Technical Profitability Ratio in 2022, and the Gross Premium in the remaining three years. On the other hand, the performance ranking results did not exhibit a stable trend, and within the context of COVID-19, apart from companies SF1, SF11, SF17, and SF18, no significant variation was observed among the others. Moreover, the sensitivity analyses conducted yielded results that support the validity of the findings and the applicability of the model.