Publication: Proje tabanlı öğrenme yaklaşımına dayalı öğretimin 7.sınıf öğrencilerinin çevre konusundaki başarılarına ve kavramsal anlamalarına etkisinin öğrenme stillerine göre incelenmesi
Abstract
Bu çalışmada, Fen Bilimleri dersi ‘İnsan ve Çevre Ünitesi’nde proje tabanlı öğrenmeyaklaşımının uygulandığı deney grubu öğrencileri ile mevcut öğretim yöntemininuygulandığı kontrol grubu öğrencileri arasında, akademik başarı, kavramsal öğrenmedüzeyleri ve fen öğrenmeye yönelik motivasyonları açısından öğrenme stillerine görebir farkın olup olmadığının belirlenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu amaç doğrultusundaaraştırmanın problem cümlesi “Proje tabanlı öğrenme yaklaşımının, 7.sınıfta öğrenimgören öğrencilerin çevre konusundaki başarılarına, kavramsal anlamalarına ve fenöğrenmeye yönelik motivasyonlarına etkisi var mıdır?” olarak belirlenmiştir. Ayrıcaaraştırmada; “Öğrencilerin çevre konusundaki başarı, kavramsal anlamaları ve fenöğrenmeye yönelik motivasyonları öğrenme stillerine göre değişmekte midir?”sorusuna cevap aranacaktır. Çalışmada ön test son test gruplu yarı deneysel desenkullanılmıştır. Çalışma grubu deney ve kontrol gruplarında 20’şer kişi olmak üzere 7.sınıfta öğrenim gören toplam 40 öğrenciden oluşmaktadır. Veri toplama araçlarıolarak; Başarı Testi, Çevre Kavram Testi, Fen Öğrenmeye Yönelik Motivasyon Ölçeğive Öğrenme Stilleri Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Deney grubunda uygulama proje tabanlıöğrenme yaklaşımına göre hazırlanan ‘İnsan ve Çevre Ünitesi’ etkinliklerine göreyapılırken, kontrol grubunda Fen Bilimleri programında mevcut olan öğretim yöntemiile sürdürülmüştür. Her iki gruba da uygulama öncesinde öğrenme stillerini ölçmekiçin Öğrenme Stilleri Ölçeği (ÖSÖ) uygulanmıştır. Her iki gruba da uygulamaöncesinde ve sonrasında çevre başarısını değerlendirmek için Başarı Testi (BT), çevrekavram düzeylerini ölçmek için Kavram Testi (KT), fen öğrenmeye yönelikmotivasyonlarını belirlemek için Fen Öğrenmeye Yönelik Motivasyon Ölçeği (FÖYMÖ) uygulanmıştır. Başarı testleri ve kavram testlerinin değerlendirilmesindeilişkili ilişkisiz grup t testleri kullanılmıştır. Motivasyon testlerinindeğerlendirilmesinde ilişkili ilişkisiz grup t testleri, wilcoxon testi ve Mann WhitneyU Testi kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda; Başarı Testi (BT) ve FÖYMÖ analizisonucunda proje tabanlı öğrenme yaklaşımı lehine anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmuştur.Kontrol grubu öğrencilerinin fen öğrenmeye yönelik motivasyonları arasındauygulama öncesi ve sonrası anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmamıştır (p>0.05). Proje tabanlıöğrenme yaklaşımının uygulandığı deney grubu öğrencilerinin çevre kavramdüzeylerinde anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmuştur (t=3.82, p<0.05). Mevcut öğretimyönteminin uygulandığı kontrol grubu öğrencilerinin çevre kavram düzeylerindeanlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır (p>0.05). Deney grubu ve kontrol gruplarının sontestlerde çevre kavram düzeyleri açısından anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır (p>0.05).Çalışma sonucunda, proje tabanlı öğrenme yaklaşımının uygulandığı deney grubuöğrencilerinin uygulama öncesi ön testte var olan kavram yanılgı sayısı 152 iken,uygulama sonrası son testte bu sayı 116’ya düşmüştür. Giderilen kavram sayısı 36olup, giderilen kavram yüzdesinin %24 olduğu görülmektedir. Mevcut öğretimyönteminin uygulandığı kontrol grubu öğrencilerine uygulama öncesi ön testte varolan kavram yanılgı sayısı 143 iken, uygulama sonrası son testte bu sayı 129’adüşmüştür. Giderilen kavram sayısı 14 olup, giderilen kavram yüzdesinin %10 olduğugörülmektedir. Bu durumda, proje tabanlı öğrenme yaklaşımı mevcut öğretimyöntemine göre ‘İnsan ve Çevre Ünitesi’nde daha çok kavram yanılgısı giderdiğigörülmüştür. Bu çalışmanın sonuçları göz önünde bulundurulduğunda proje tabanlıöğrenme yaklaşıma dayalı öğretim yönteminin çevre konularında uygulanmasıönerilmektedir.Deney grubu öğrencilerinin öğrenme stillerine göre Başarı Testi (BT), Kavram Testi(KT) ve Fen Öğrenmeye Yönelik Motivasyon Ölçeği (FÖYMÖ) ön test puanlarıarasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır. Deney grubu öğrencilerinin öğrenmestillerine göre Başarı Testi (BT), Kavram Testi (KT) ve Fen Öğrenmeye YönelikMotivasyon Ölçeği (FÖYMÖ) son test puanları arasında anlamlı bir farkbulunmamıştır. Mevcut öğretim yönteminin uygulandığı kontrol grubunda yer alan öğrencilerin öğrenme stillerine göre Başarı Testi (BT), Kavram Testi (KT) ve FenÖğrenmeye Yönelik Motivasyon Ölçeği (FÖYMÖ) ön test puanları arasında anlamlıbir fark bulunmamıştır. Mevcut öğretim yönteminin uygulandığı kontrol grubunda yeralan öğrencilerin öğrenme stillerine göre Başarı Testi (BT), Kavram Testi (KT) ve FenÖğrenmeye Yönelik Motivasyon Ölçeği (FÖYMÖ) son test puanları arasında anlamlıbir fark bulunmamıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda, her iki yöntemin öğrenme stillerinebağlı olmadığı bulunmuştur.
In this study, it has been aimed to determine whether there is a difference between thestudents of the experimental group in which project based learning approach wasapplied and the students of the control group in which the current teaching method wasapplied, towards academic achievement, conceptual learning levels and motivation forlearning science in terms of learning styles. The problematic sentence of the researchfor this purpose is determined as “Does the project-based learning approach have animpact on the achievement of 7th grade students on the matter of environment, theirconceptual understanding and their motivation toward learning science?”. In addition,answers shall be sought for the question of are the students' achievement on the matterof environment, their conceptual meaning, and their motivation to learn science varyaccording to learning styles?. Quasi experimental design with pre-test post-testgroups is used in the study. The study group consists of a total of 40 students who arestudying in 7th class, 20 of them in the experimental group and 20 of them in thecontrol group. As data collection tools; Achievement Test, Environmental ConceptTest, Motivation Scale for Learning Science and Learning Styles Scale were used.Implementation is made in the test group in accordance with the “Human andEnvironmental Unit' activities prepared according to project-based learning approachwhile in the control group, it was continued with the teaching method available in theScience program. In both groups, the Learning Styles Scale (ÖSÖ) was applied tomeasure learning styles before implementation. In both groups, Achievement Test(BT) to evaluate the environment achievement, Concept Test (KT) to measure theenvironment concept levels, Motivation Scale for Learning Science (FÖYMÖ) todetermine their motivations to learning science were applied before and after implementation. Related independent group t tests were used in the evaluation ofachievement tests and concept tests. The related independent group t tests, Wilcoxontest and Mann Whitney U test were used in the evaluation of the motivation tests. Atthe end of the study, a difference was found in favor of the project based learning as aresult of the Achievement Test (BT) and the FÖYMÖ analysis. No significantdifference was found between the control group students' motivation for learningscience before and after the application (p> 0.05). A significant difference was foundin the environmental concept levels of the students in the experimental group in whichthe project based learning approach was applied (t = 3.82, p <0.05). No significantdifference was found in the environmental concept levels of the control group studentsfor whom the current teaching method was applied (p>0.05). No significant differencewas found between the experimental group and the control groups in terms ofenvironmental concept levels in the post tests results (p> 0.05).As a result of the study, the number of concept misconceptions in the pre-test of theexperimental group students for whom the project-based learning approach wasapplied, was 152 whereas this number decreased to 116 in the post test after theimplementation. The number of concepts cleared is 36, and the percentage of theconcepts cleared is observed to be %24. The number of concept misconceptions in thepre-test of the control group students for whom the current teaching method wasapplied, was 143 whereas this number decreased to 129 in the post test after theimplementation. The number of concepts cleared is 14, and the percentage of theconcepts cleared is observed to be %10. In this case, the project-based learningapproach seems to remove more misconceptions in the 'Human and EnvironmentalUnit' than the current teaching method. When the results of this study are taken intoconsideration, it is suggested that the project based learning approach oriented teachingmethod should be applied in environmental subjects.No significant difference was found between Pre-test scores of Achievement Test(BT), Concept Test (KT) and Motivation Scale for Science Learning (FÖYMÖ)according to learning styles of students in the experimental group. No significantdifference was found between Post-test scores of Achievement Test (BT), Concept Test (KT) and Motivation Scale for Science Learning (FÖYMÖ) according to learningstyles of students in the experiment group. No significant difference was foundbetween Pre-test scores of Achievement Test (BT), Concept Test (KT) and MotivationScale for Science Learning (FÖYMÖ) according to learning styles of students in thecontrol group in which the current teaching method was implemented. No significantdifference was found between Post-test scores of Achievement Test (BT), ConceptTest (KT) and Motivation Scale for Science Learning (FÖYMÖ) according to learningstyles of students in the control group in which current teaching method wasimplemented. As a result of the study, both methods were found not to be related tolearning styles.
In this study, it has been aimed to determine whether there is a difference between thestudents of the experimental group in which project based learning approach wasapplied and the students of the control group in which the current teaching method wasapplied, towards academic achievement, conceptual learning levels and motivation forlearning science in terms of learning styles. The problematic sentence of the researchfor this purpose is determined as “Does the project-based learning approach have animpact on the achievement of 7th grade students on the matter of environment, theirconceptual understanding and their motivation toward learning science?”. In addition,answers shall be sought for the question of are the students' achievement on the matterof environment, their conceptual meaning, and their motivation to learn science varyaccording to learning styles?. Quasi experimental design with pre-test post-testgroups is used in the study. The study group consists of a total of 40 students who arestudying in 7th class, 20 of them in the experimental group and 20 of them in thecontrol group. As data collection tools; Achievement Test, Environmental ConceptTest, Motivation Scale for Learning Science and Learning Styles Scale were used.Implementation is made in the test group in accordance with the “Human andEnvironmental Unit' activities prepared according to project-based learning approachwhile in the control group, it was continued with the teaching method available in theScience program. In both groups, the Learning Styles Scale (ÖSÖ) was applied tomeasure learning styles before implementation. In both groups, Achievement Test(BT) to evaluate the environment achievement, Concept Test (KT) to measure theenvironment concept levels, Motivation Scale for Learning Science (FÖYMÖ) todetermine their motivations to learning science were applied before and after implementation. Related independent group t tests were used in the evaluation ofachievement tests and concept tests. The related independent group t tests, Wilcoxontest and Mann Whitney U test were used in the evaluation of the motivation tests. Atthe end of the study, a difference was found in favor of the project based learning as aresult of the Achievement Test (BT) and the FÖYMÖ analysis. No significantdifference was found between the control group students' motivation for learningscience before and after the application (p> 0.05). A significant difference was foundin the environmental concept levels of the students in the experimental group in whichthe project based learning approach was applied (t = 3.82, p <0.05). No significantdifference was found in the environmental concept levels of the control group studentsfor whom the current teaching method was applied (p>0.05). No significant differencewas found between the experimental group and the control groups in terms ofenvironmental concept levels in the post tests results (p> 0.05).As a result of the study, the number of concept misconceptions in the pre-test of theexperimental group students for whom the project-based learning approach wasapplied, was 152 whereas this number decreased to 116 in the post test after theimplementation. The number of concepts cleared is 36, and the percentage of theconcepts cleared is observed to be %24. The number of concept misconceptions in thepre-test of the control group students for whom the current teaching method wasapplied, was 143 whereas this number decreased to 129 in the post test after theimplementation. The number of concepts cleared is 14, and the percentage of theconcepts cleared is observed to be %10. In this case, the project-based learningapproach seems to remove more misconceptions in the 'Human and EnvironmentalUnit' than the current teaching method. When the results of this study are taken intoconsideration, it is suggested that the project based learning approach oriented teachingmethod should be applied in environmental subjects.No significant difference was found between Pre-test scores of Achievement Test(BT), Concept Test (KT) and Motivation Scale for Science Learning (FÖYMÖ)according to learning styles of students in the experimental group. No significantdifference was found between Post-test scores of Achievement Test (BT), Concept Test (KT) and Motivation Scale for Science Learning (FÖYMÖ) according to learningstyles of students in the experiment group. No significant difference was foundbetween Pre-test scores of Achievement Test (BT), Concept Test (KT) and MotivationScale for Science Learning (FÖYMÖ) according to learning styles of students in thecontrol group in which the current teaching method was implemented. No significantdifference was found between Post-test scores of Achievement Test (BT), ConceptTest (KT) and Motivation Scale for Science Learning (FÖYMÖ) according to learningstyles of students in the control group in which current teaching method wasimplemented. As a result of the study, both methods were found not to be related tolearning styles.
Description
Keywords
Education programs, Eğitim programları, Eğitim ve öğretim (İlk), Fen bilgisi, Fen ÖğrenmeyeYönelik Motivasyon, Fen öğretimi, Kavram Yanılgıları Project Based Learning, Learning Styles, Misconceptions, Motivation Towards LearningScience, Öğrenme Stilleri, Öğretmenler, Programlar, Programs, Proje tabanlı öğrenme, Project based learning, Science, Science teaching, Study and teaching (Elementary), Teachers, Training of, Turkey, Türkiye, Yetiştirilmesi
