Publication: LA PROCEDURE DE SURVEILLANCE DE LA CORRESPONDANCE PAR TELECOMMUNICATION EN DROIT TURC
Abstract
Telekominikasyon yoluyla yapılan iletişimin denetlenmesi tedbiri, İnsan Hakları Avrupa Sözleşmesinin 8. maddesi tarafından koruma altına alınan özel hayatın gizliliği hakkını ihlal edebilmektedir. İnsan Hakları Avrupa Mahkemesi içtihatlarına göre bu tedbire, ancak demokratik kurumları korumak bakımından mutlak zorunluluk bulunması koşuluyla başvurulabilmektedir. Ceza Muhakemesi Kanununa göre, Telekominikasyon yoluyla yapılan iletişimin denetlenmesi tedbiri (iletişimin tespiti, dinlenmesi ve kayda alınması), belli suçlar için başvurulabilen özel ve gizli bir koruma tedbiridir (CMK m. 135). Özel yaşamın gizliliğine ve haberleşme özgürlüğüne saygı, demokratik bir toplumun en önemli unsurlarından birisidir. Bu nedenle haberleşme özgürlüğü, gerek ulusal gerekse uluslararası yasal belgeler tarafından korunan temel özgürlüklerden biri olarak görülmüştür. Bu çalışma kapsamında, adli nitelikte yer alan ve bir suç soruşturması veya kovuşturması kapsamında kullanılan ve 5271 Sayılı Ceza Muhakemesi Kanununda (CMK) bir koruma tedbiri olarak adlandırılan Telekomünikasyon Yoluyla Yapılan İletişimin Denetlenmesi tedbiri incelenecek, tedbirin hukuki niteliği, esasları ve koşulları ortaya konulacaktır.
According to Turkish Criminal Procedure Code article 135, the judge or, in cases of peril in delay, the public prosecutor, may decide to locate, listen to or record the correspondence through telecommunication or to evaluate the information about the signals of the suspect or the accused, if during an investigation or prosecution conducted in relation to a crime there are strong grounds of suspicion indicating that the crime has been committed and there is no other possibility to obtain evidence. The correspondence of the suspect or the accused with individuals who enjoy the privilege of refraining from testimony as a witness shall not be recorded. In cases where this circumstance has been revealed after the recording has been conducted, the conducted recordings shall be destroyed immediately. The provisions contained in this article related to listening, recording and evaluating the information about the signals shall only be applicable for the crimes as listed in the article 135. The decision of the measure may be given for maximum duration of 3 months; this duration may be extended one more time. However, for crimes committed within the activities of a crime organization, the judge may decide to extend the duration several times, each time for no longer than one month, if deemed necessary.
According to Turkish Criminal Procedure Code article 135, the judge or, in cases of peril in delay, the public prosecutor, may decide to locate, listen to or record the correspondence through telecommunication or to evaluate the information about the signals of the suspect or the accused, if during an investigation or prosecution conducted in relation to a crime there are strong grounds of suspicion indicating that the crime has been committed and there is no other possibility to obtain evidence. The correspondence of the suspect or the accused with individuals who enjoy the privilege of refraining from testimony as a witness shall not be recorded. In cases where this circumstance has been revealed after the recording has been conducted, the conducted recordings shall be destroyed immediately. The provisions contained in this article related to listening, recording and evaluating the information about the signals shall only be applicable for the crimes as listed in the article 135. The decision of the measure may be given for maximum duration of 3 months; this duration may be extended one more time. However, for crimes committed within the activities of a crime organization, the judge may decide to extend the duration several times, each time for no longer than one month, if deemed necessary.