Publication: Transcrıptome analysıs of morphıne bıosynthesıs ın opıum poppy (papaver somniferum l.)
Abstract
HAŞHAŞ (Papaver somniferum L.)’TA TRANSKRİPTOM ANALİZİ İLE MORFİN SENTEZ MEKANİZMASININ ARAŞTIRILMASI Haşhaş (Papaver somniferum L.) dünyanın en eski tıbbi bitkilerinden biridir. Tıbbi ve dolayısıyla ekonomik değeri haşhaşın benzilizokuinolin (BIA) üretimine dayanmaktadır. Morfin, haşhaşta yoğun olarak bulunan önemli bir BIA alkaloidi olup tıpta narkotik ağrı kesici ve uyuşturucu olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu tezde Illumina HiSeq plantformu kullanılarak toplam 36,16 Gb dizi verisi elde edilmiş ve MeJA elisitörü ile indüklenen morfince zengin (MR) ve fakir (MP) haşhaş varyetelerinin kapsül ve gövde dokularındaki metabolit profilleriyle birlikte bütüncül bir yaklaşımla kıyaslanarak değerlendirilmiştir. Alkaloid analizleri her iki varyetede de kapsül dokularında morfin düzeylerinin indüklendiğini göstermiştir. GO ve KEGG analizlerinde, stres yanıtı, sinyal iletimi ve sekondar metabolit biyosentezi ile ilgili biyolojik işlemlerin öne çıktığı tesbit edilmiştir. Aquaporin TIP, 2ODD, bHLH113, calmodulin, (+)-neomenthol dehydrogenase, (S)-tetrahydroprotoberberine N-methyltransferase, major latex protein 146, NRT1/ PTR Family proteins, F-box/ LRR-repeat proteinlerini kodlayan transkriptlerin MeJA uygulamasıyla ifade düzeyleri en çok değişen genler olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, BIA biyosentezine özgün SalSyn, SalAT, SalR, T6ODM, COR ve CODM enzimlerine ait transkriptlerde dokuya ve varyeteye göre değişim olduğu saptanmıştır. Bu tezde bugüne kadar elde edilmiş en kapsamlı transkriptom verisi üretilmiş olup bu bilgiler haşhaşta BIA biyosentez mekanizmasının araştırılacağı ileri işlevsel genomik çalışmalar için kaynak oluşturacak niteliktedir.
TRANSCRIPTOME ANALYSIS OF MORPHINE BIOSYNTHESIS IN OPIUM POPPY (Papaver somniferum L.) Opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) is one of the most ancient medicinal plants of the world. Its medicinal and economic importance is highly dependent on the benzylisoquinoline alkaloid (BIA) production. Morphine is one of the most important and abundant BIA commercially obtained opium poppy. It is mainly used as narcotic analgesic in medicine. In this thesis, a total of 36,16 Gb sequence data was generated by Illumina HiSeq platform and transcriptome profiles of elicitor (MeJA) induced capsule and stem tissue from morphine rich (MR) and morphine poor (MP) cultivars are compared with an integrative metabolite and transcriptome approach. Alkaloid analysis confirmed the induction of morphine levels in both MR and MP capsule tissues. Based on GO and KEGG pathway analysis, biologic processes related to stress response, signal transduction and seconder metabolite biosynthesis are found to be prominent. Aquaporin TIP, 2ODD, bHLH113, Calmodulin, (+)-neomenthol dehydrogenase, (S)-tetrahydroprotoberberine N-methyltransferase, major latex protein 146, NRT1/ PTR family, F-box/ LRR-repeat protein coding transcripts are found to be the most differentially expressed transcripts. Besides, morphine biosynthesis route-specific transcripts corresponding to SalSyn, SalAT, SalR, T6ODM, COR and CODM enzymes were found to be differentially expressed in different tissues and cultivars. This thesis produced the largest transcriptome data obtained so far and is an important source for further functional genomic studies to investigate BIA biosynthesis mechanism in opium poppy.
TRANSCRIPTOME ANALYSIS OF MORPHINE BIOSYNTHESIS IN OPIUM POPPY (Papaver somniferum L.) Opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) is one of the most ancient medicinal plants of the world. Its medicinal and economic importance is highly dependent on the benzylisoquinoline alkaloid (BIA) production. Morphine is one of the most important and abundant BIA commercially obtained opium poppy. It is mainly used as narcotic analgesic in medicine. In this thesis, a total of 36,16 Gb sequence data was generated by Illumina HiSeq platform and transcriptome profiles of elicitor (MeJA) induced capsule and stem tissue from morphine rich (MR) and morphine poor (MP) cultivars are compared with an integrative metabolite and transcriptome approach. Alkaloid analysis confirmed the induction of morphine levels in both MR and MP capsule tissues. Based on GO and KEGG pathway analysis, biologic processes related to stress response, signal transduction and seconder metabolite biosynthesis are found to be prominent. Aquaporin TIP, 2ODD, bHLH113, Calmodulin, (+)-neomenthol dehydrogenase, (S)-tetrahydroprotoberberine N-methyltransferase, major latex protein 146, NRT1/ PTR family, F-box/ LRR-repeat protein coding transcripts are found to be the most differentially expressed transcripts. Besides, morphine biosynthesis route-specific transcripts corresponding to SalSyn, SalAT, SalR, T6ODM, COR and CODM enzymes were found to be differentially expressed in different tissues and cultivars. This thesis produced the largest transcriptome data obtained so far and is an important source for further functional genomic studies to investigate BIA biosynthesis mechanism in opium poppy.