Publication: İslam mezhepleri literatüründe aşırı fırkalar ve görüşler
Abstract
İslam Mezhepleri Tarihi Literatüründe Aşırı Fırkalar ve Görüşleri isimli bu çalışmamızda klasik İslam mezhepleri tarihi kaynaklarında zikredilen aşırı fırkaları ve onların görüşlerini ele aldık. Giriş kısmında konunun önemi, amacı, sınırları ve kaynakları hakkında bilgi verdik. Aşırılık (Gulüvv) adlı birinci bölümde aşırılığın tanımı, doğuşu ve sebepleri üzerinde durduk. Klasik İslam Mezhepleri Tarihinde Aşırı Addedilen Fırkalar ve Görüşleri adlı ikinci bölümde ise Şia, Havâric ve Mu'tezile mezheplerine isnad edilen aşırı fırkaları ve onların görüşlerini inceledik. Çalışmamızda, İslam dünyasında ilk hicri yüzyılda ortaya çıkan aşırı fırkaların, gerek doğuşunda, gerekse de görüşlerinde çeşitle kültürel ve sosyal sebeplerin etkisi olduğu ve bu fırkalarla ortaya çıktıkları dönemdeki siyasi gelişmeler arasında organik bir bağ bulunduğu fikrine vardık. Ayrıca, aşırı fırkaların çoğunluğunun, siyasi çalkantıların çokça yaşandığı Emeviler döneminde ve Abbasiler'in başlangıç döneminde ortaya çıktığını, bu siyasal karmaşanın dinmesiyle de Abbasi döneminin sonlarına doğru etkilerini kaybederek tarih sahnesinden yok olmaya yüz tuttuklarını ve birkaçı istisna edilirse çoğunluğunun günümüze kadar ulaşamadığını tespit ettik.
This thesis entitled as Extremist Groups and their Doctrines According to the Literature on the History of Islamic Sects examines extremist parties and their thoughts as mentioned in classical works on the history of Islamic denominations. The Introduction outlines the significance of the study, its purpose, limitations and the sources of the work. Part One entitled as Extremism provides a definition of this concept, the rise of extreme views and the reasons for it. Part Two entitled as Extremist Groups and their Doctrines in the Classical History of Islamic Sects analyses extremist groups and their views attributed to Shia, Kharijiyya and Mutazila schools of thought. This study shows that there is a relationship between the rise of extremist groups which emerged during the first century of the Islamic calendar and various social and cultural factors. There is also a close link between these parties and political conditions of their time. This study indicates that majority of the extremist groups emerged during the political upheavals of the Umayyad and early Abbasid periods. Extremist groups lost their influence towards the late Abbasid period when a relative political stability was established and they did not survive to modern times with few exceptions.
This thesis entitled as Extremist Groups and their Doctrines According to the Literature on the History of Islamic Sects examines extremist parties and their thoughts as mentioned in classical works on the history of Islamic denominations. The Introduction outlines the significance of the study, its purpose, limitations and the sources of the work. Part One entitled as Extremism provides a definition of this concept, the rise of extreme views and the reasons for it. Part Two entitled as Extremist Groups and their Doctrines in the Classical History of Islamic Sects analyses extremist groups and their views attributed to Shia, Kharijiyya and Mutazila schools of thought. This study shows that there is a relationship between the rise of extremist groups which emerged during the first century of the Islamic calendar and various social and cultural factors. There is also a close link between these parties and political conditions of their time. This study indicates that majority of the extremist groups emerged during the political upheavals of the Umayyad and early Abbasid periods. Extremist groups lost their influence towards the late Abbasid period when a relative political stability was established and they did not survive to modern times with few exceptions.