Publication: İslami hareketlerin “şûrâ” prensibi karşısındaki tutumu : ihvan ve nahda örneği
Abstract
İslam Peygamberi Hz. Muhammed Mustafa (sav) “insanların en çok müşâvere edeni” olduğu halde; İslam’ın temel referansı Kur’an-ı Kerim Müslümanları namaz kılan ve infak eden kimseler olarak tanımlarken bu ikisinin arasında aynı zamanda “işlerinin aralarında şûrâ” olduğunu beyan buyurduğu halde İslam ümmetinin şûrâ fıkhı üzerinde namaz ve zekât kadar düşünmediğini ve yazmadığını görüyoruz. Oluşmuş olan literatür ise genellikle birbirini tekrar eden teorik yaklaşımlarla sınırlı kalmaktadır. Biz bu tez çalışmamızda çağdaş İslami hareketlerin şûrâ prensibi karşısındaki tutumunu Mısır İhvan ve Tunus Nahda hareketleri üzerinden inceledik. İhvan da Nahda da şûrânın bağlayıcılığını prensipte kabul etmekle birlikte, İhvan’ın bu yaklaşımı tatbikata yansıtmakta zorlandığı görülmektedir. Dünyadaki demokrasi tecrübelerini “hikmet müminin yitik malıdır” anlayışıyla benimsemekten çekinmeyen, böylece şûrâ prensibini görece daha yaygın uygulayan İslami hareketlerin politikada daha başarılı ve kalıcı oldukları görülmektedir. Nahda hareketi bunun canlı bir örneğidir.
While the Prophet of Islam Muhammad Mustapha (PBUH) was “the most consulting / most democratic of the people”, and although the Holy Qur’an as main reference of Islam describes Muslims as prayers and alms givers, but in between this two qualities, also qualifies them “whose affair is [determined by] consultation among themselves”… We are observing that Muslim Ummah does not think and write as much as he does on prayer and zakat. The literature that formed is generally limited to the repetitive theoretical approaches. In this thesis, we examined the attitude of the contemporary Islamic movements based on the Egyptian Ikhwan and Tunisian Nahda movements.Both Ikhwan and Nahda, in principle, accepts the binding of the “shûrâ”, but it appears to have difficulty in reflecting this approach to the practice. It is seen that Islamic movements which are not afraid of adopting the experiences of democracy in the world with the understanding of in “wisdom is the property of believers” and thus applying the principle of “shûrâ” more successful and permanent in politics. The Nahda movement of Tunisia is a living example of this.
While the Prophet of Islam Muhammad Mustapha (PBUH) was “the most consulting / most democratic of the people”, and although the Holy Qur’an as main reference of Islam describes Muslims as prayers and alms givers, but in between this two qualities, also qualifies them “whose affair is [determined by] consultation among themselves”… We are observing that Muslim Ummah does not think and write as much as he does on prayer and zakat. The literature that formed is generally limited to the repetitive theoretical approaches. In this thesis, we examined the attitude of the contemporary Islamic movements based on the Egyptian Ikhwan and Tunisian Nahda movements.Both Ikhwan and Nahda, in principle, accepts the binding of the “shûrâ”, but it appears to have difficulty in reflecting this approach to the practice. It is seen that Islamic movements which are not afraid of adopting the experiences of democracy in the world with the understanding of in “wisdom is the property of believers” and thus applying the principle of “shûrâ” more successful and permanent in politics. The Nahda movement of Tunisia is a living example of this.
Description
Keywords
Bey'at, Biat, Collectieve ijtihad, Consultation, Democrarcy, Demokrasi, Hilafet, Ijtihad, Ikwan, Islam, Islamic movements, İçtihat, İhvan, İslam, islami hareket, İslami hareket, Kalifat, Kolektif içtihat, Meşveret, Nahda, Parlament, Parlamento Shura, Political Islam, Siyasal İslam, slamic movement, Şura
