Publication: Kur’an yorumunda şiirin yeri (2. asır çerçevesinde)
Abstract
KUR'AN YORUMUNDA ŞİİRİN YERİ (2. ASIR ÇERÇEVESİNDE) Arap şiiri, Kur'an kelimelerinin anlamlarını belirlemek ve cümleleri tahlîl etmek için tefsir ilminde başvurulan bir kaynaktır. Bu çalışmada, hicrî II. asır çerçevesinde kalınarak Arap şiirinin Kur'an tefsîrindeki yerini ortaya koymak hedeflenmiştir. Öncelikle Arap şiiri ile ilgili tanıtıcı bilgiler verilmiş ve onun günümüze ulaşmasını sağlayan âmiller üzerinde durulmuş, böylece onun sıhhati ve kaynak değeri ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Daha sonra Arap şiirine başvurulan asıl alan olan Arap dili ve edebiyâtında şiirden faydalanma metodunun ortaya çıkış süreci ele alınmış ve bu metotla ilgili nazarî hususlar üzerinde durulmuştur. Ayrıca tefsirde şiirden faydalanmanın hükmü irdelenmiş ve bunun başlangıçtan hicrî II. asra kadarki târihî seyri özetlenmiştir. Bu metottan yoğun ve sistemli bir şekilde yararlanılan hicrî II. asırda şiire yer veren Ebû Ubeyde'nin Mecâzu'l-Kur'ân'ı, Ebü'l-Hasen el-Ahfeş, Ebü'l-Hasen Ali b. Hamze el-Kisâî ve Ebû Zekeriyyâ el-Ferrâ'nın Meâni'l-Kur'an adındaki eserleri tanıtılmış ve bunların ortak özellikleri sıralanmıştır. Buna ilâve olarak bu eserlerin başvurdukları şiirlerle daha sonra bu metoda başvuran başlıca tefsirlerin ihtivâ ettikleri şiirler mukâyese edilerek hicrî II. asırdaki çalışmaların daha sonraki çalışmalar üzerindeki etkisi ortaya konulmaya gayret edilmiştir. Netîcede, şiirin, öncelikli olarak nahiv ilminin sistemleştirilmesinde önemli bir rol oynadığı, tefsir ilminde büyük bir ağırlığı olan nahiv sâyesinde de dolaylı bir etkiye sâhip olduğu, ayrıca Kur'an kelimelerinin anlamlarının belirlenmesinde de bir îzah unsuru olarak kullanıldığı kanâatine ulaşılmıştır.
THE ROLE OF POETRY İN THE İNTERPRETATİON OF THE QURAN (İN THE SECOND HİJRİ CENTURY) Arabic poetry is a source in `Tafseer (interpretation)` field for determination of the meanings of the words and the analyzation of Quranic verses. In this study, determining the role of Arabic poetry in the interpretation of the Quran in the second Hijri century is aimed. Initially some examples of the Arabic poetry are given with the information of the factors that passed on the Arabic poetry to our century, so that its rightness and value as a source could be shown. Then, the process of the method of using the Arabic poetry, in its main usage field that is Arabic language and literature, is examined, and the theoretical respects of this method are explained. Also the jurisdiction of usage of poetry in the interpretation of Quran is examined and the periodic process of its usage since the beginning until the second Hijri century is summarized. In the second century in which the method of using poetry for the interpretation of Quran was densely and systematically used, the books; Mecaz`ul-Quran of Ebu Ubeyde, Meani`l-Quran of Ebu`l-Hasen el-Ahfes, Ebu`l-Hasen Ali b. Hamza el-Kisai and Ebu Zekeriyya el-Ferra, are introduced and their common properties are underlined. In addition to this, the poems included in these books are compared with the poems included in the books written later to show the influence of studies of the second Hijri century on the studies of later centuries. Finally, it is accepted that having great importance in systemization of the Arabic grammar, poetry has an indirect effect on tafseer (interpretation) field by the means of Arabic grammar, and it is used as a provision for the determination of the words in Quran.
THE ROLE OF POETRY İN THE İNTERPRETATİON OF THE QURAN (İN THE SECOND HİJRİ CENTURY) Arabic poetry is a source in `Tafseer (interpretation)` field for determination of the meanings of the words and the analyzation of Quranic verses. In this study, determining the role of Arabic poetry in the interpretation of the Quran in the second Hijri century is aimed. Initially some examples of the Arabic poetry are given with the information of the factors that passed on the Arabic poetry to our century, so that its rightness and value as a source could be shown. Then, the process of the method of using the Arabic poetry, in its main usage field that is Arabic language and literature, is examined, and the theoretical respects of this method are explained. Also the jurisdiction of usage of poetry in the interpretation of Quran is examined and the periodic process of its usage since the beginning until the second Hijri century is summarized. In the second century in which the method of using poetry for the interpretation of Quran was densely and systematically used, the books; Mecaz`ul-Quran of Ebu Ubeyde, Meani`l-Quran of Ebu`l-Hasen el-Ahfes, Ebu`l-Hasen Ali b. Hamza el-Kisai and Ebu Zekeriyya el-Ferra, are introduced and their common properties are underlined. In addition to this, the poems included in these books are compared with the poems included in the books written later to show the influence of studies of the second Hijri century on the studies of later centuries. Finally, it is accepted that having great importance in systemization of the Arabic grammar, poetry has an indirect effect on tafseer (interpretation) field by the means of Arabic grammar, and it is used as a provision for the determination of the words in Quran.