Publication: Türkiye'de Akıl Hastalığı Olan Hastalarda Zorla Yatırma ve Zorla Tedavi/_x000D_
Hukuki ve Etik Sorunlar
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Tıbbi girişimlerden önce kişilerin onamlarının alınması beden bütünlüklerine ve gelecekleri ile ilgili karar alma haklarına saygınıngereğidir. Ancak bazı istisnai hallerde kişilerin onamı olmadan beden bütünlüklerine girişimlerde bulunulması hem etik açıdan hemde yasal açıdan kabul görebilmektedir. Hastalığı nedeniyle kendisine ya da başkasına zarar verme olasılığı olan akıl hastalarının zorlahastanelere, bakımevlerine, gündüz, gece, rehabilitasyon kliniklerine yerleştirilmesi ve tedavi edilmesi yasalarda düzenlenmektedir.Bu uygulamaların sınırları, gerekliliği, uygulanma şekli, ihlal ettiği haklar, sağladığı yararlar açısından hem tıp etiği hem de tıphukukunda tartışmalıdır.Türkiye’deki güncel uygulamada, kendine veya başkalarına zarar verme olasılığı bulunan akıl hastaları, genel ifadeler içeren, farklıkanun ve uluslararası sözleşmelerde yer alan maddelere göre kurumlara zorla yerleştirilmekte ve tedavi edilmektedir. Bu genelmaddelerde, zorla yerleştirme kararının ne kadar süreceği, tedavinin uygulanmasının gerekip gerekmediği, zorla yerleştirilen kişininhakları gibi konularda bilgiler bulunmamaktadır. Bu gibi belirsizliklerin neden olacağı olumsuzlukların giderilmesi için uygulama ileilgili ek yasal düzenlemelere ihtiyaç vardır.Makalemizde Türkiye'de akıl hastalığı nedeniyle bireylerin zorla yatırılması ve tedavi edilmesi ile ilgili hükümler, özerklik ve zararvermeme ilkeleri ile tıp hukuku açısından incelenmiş ve Ruh Sağlığı Yasa Tasarısı ile karşılaştırılmıştır.
Having consents from patients before any kind of medical intervention is a necessity for the respect to patients’ physical integrity_x000D_ and the right to their decision process about patients’ future. However, in certain circumstances, it might have been accepted_x000D_ ethically and legally to make medical interventions without their consent. Involuntary admissions and treatments of patients with_x000D_ mental health disorders who present danger to themselves or to others have been regulated by laws. These practices are debated_x000D_ both in medical ethics and medical laws regarding to their boundaries, necessities, the way they are put into practices, the rights_x000D_ that they violate, the benefits that they provide._x000D_ In the current practice in Turkey, the patients with mental health disorders who present danger to themselves and to others are_x000D_ admitted and treated involuntarily according to articles in different laws and international conventions which includes general_x000D_ statements. In these general statements, there is no information about the duration about the involuntary admission decision, how_x000D_ long the admission will take place, whether the treatment is necessary, the rights of the patient who would be admitted_x000D_ involuntarily. In order to eliminate the negative outcomes of these kind of uncertainties, additional legal regulations are needed._x000D_ In our article, the provisions of involuntary admissions and treatment of patients with mental health disorders have been examined_x000D_ in terms of medical law along with the principles of autonomy and non-maleficence and compared with the draft of Mental Health_x000D_ Law in Turkey.
Having consents from patients before any kind of medical intervention is a necessity for the respect to patients’ physical integrity_x000D_ and the right to their decision process about patients’ future. However, in certain circumstances, it might have been accepted_x000D_ ethically and legally to make medical interventions without their consent. Involuntary admissions and treatments of patients with_x000D_ mental health disorders who present danger to themselves or to others have been regulated by laws. These practices are debated_x000D_ both in medical ethics and medical laws regarding to their boundaries, necessities, the way they are put into practices, the rights_x000D_ that they violate, the benefits that they provide._x000D_ In the current practice in Turkey, the patients with mental health disorders who present danger to themselves and to others are_x000D_ admitted and treated involuntarily according to articles in different laws and international conventions which includes general_x000D_ statements. In these general statements, there is no information about the duration about the involuntary admission decision, how_x000D_ long the admission will take place, whether the treatment is necessary, the rights of the patient who would be admitted_x000D_ involuntarily. In order to eliminate the negative outcomes of these kind of uncertainties, additional legal regulations are needed._x000D_ In our article, the provisions of involuntary admissions and treatment of patients with mental health disorders have been examined_x000D_ in terms of medical law along with the principles of autonomy and non-maleficence and compared with the draft of Mental Health_x000D_ Law in Turkey.