Publication: Türkmenistan Tarih Ders Kitaplarında Türkler ve Türkiye Cumhuriyeti
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Bu çalışmada, Türkmenistan’da Türk tarihine bakışın ve Türkmenistan-Türkiye ilişkilerinin ders kitapları üzerinden ortaya
konulması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden tarihsel araştırma kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın temel
verilerini, Türkmenistan eğitim sisteminde güncel olarak beşinci sınıftan on birinci sınıfa kadar okutulan tarih ders kitapları
oluşturmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, araştırmanın amacı doğrultusunda on farklı ders kitabı incelenerek Türkmenistan Türkçesiyle
yazılı ilgili olan kısımlar, günümüz Türkiye Türkçesine aktarılmıştır. Akabinde elde edilen veriler, Türk Tarihi ve Türkiye
Cumhuriyeti başlıkları altında kategorik hale getirilerek değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmanın bulgularına bakıldığında,
Türkmenistan’da tarih eğitiminin, milli bir anlatıyla sunulduğu, Türkmenistan tarih ders kitaplarında Türk tarihinin, Türkmen
millî tarihi ekseninde değerlendirildiği görülmüştür. Nitekim Oğuz Türkmen Devletiyle başlayan ve Göktürk-KarahanlıGazneli-Selçuklu-Osmanlı devletleri doğrultusunda devam eden bu anlatıda, Türkmen kimliği, cihanşümul bir nitelik
taşımaktadır. Bu özelliğiyle Türkmenler, tarihte büyük devletler kurmuş bir neslin torunları olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bunun
dışında, ders kitaplarında Türk tarihindeki siyasi ve askeri gelişmeler önde gelmekle beraber kültür ve medeniyet unsurları da
yer almıştır. Türkmenistan tarih ders kitaplarında, Millî Mücadele, cumhuriyet ile cumhuriyetin ilk yıllarındaki bazı
inkılaplara da değinilmiştir. Atatürk’e ise özel bir yer ayrılarak tarihteki rolü ve önemi vurgulanmıştır. Türkmenistan’ın
modern Türkiye ile olan ilişkilerinin ise iç ve dış politika ekseninde işlendiği fark edilmektedir. Bu bağlamda, Turgut Özal
döneminden başlayıp AK Parti dönemiyle devam Türk iç politikası, siyasi gelişmeleri ve seçimlere odaklanılmıştır. Dış
politikada ise Soğuk Savaş döneminde Türkiye’nin durumu ve NATO’ya değinilerek 21. yüzyılın başlarına kadar Türkiye’nin
doğu-batı ve bölgesel eksenli dış politikası hakkında malumat verilmiştir. Türkmenistan tarih ders kitaplarında Türkiye
bahsinin sonunda ise Türkmenistan-Türkiye ilişkileri üzerinde durulmuştur. Türkmenistan tarih ders kitaplarında sunulan bu
bilgilerin, Türk dünyası ortak tarih eğitimi ve tarih ders kitaplarının hazırlanmasında bir fırsat oluşturduğu dikkati
çekmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Türkiye, Türkmenistan, Oğuzlar, tarih eğitimi, ders kitapları.
In this study, it is aimed to reveal the view of Turkish history in Turkmenistan and Turkmenistan-Turkey relations through textbooks. In the study, historical research, one of the qualitative research methods, was used. The main data of the study consist of the history textbooks currently taught in the Turkmenistan education system from the fifth to the eleventh grades. In this context, ten different textbooks were analysed in line with the purpose of the study and the relevant parts written in Turkmenistan Turkish were transferred to today's Turkish. Subsequently, the data obtained were categorised and evaluated under the headings of Turkish History and Republic of Turkey. When the findings of the research are analysed, it is seen that history education in Turkmenistan is presented with a national narrative and Turkish history in Turkmen history textbooks is evaluated on the axis of Turkmen national history. As a matter of fact, in this narrative, which starts with the Oghuz Turkmen State and continues in the direction of Gokturk-Karahanli-Gazneli-Seljuk-Ottoman states Turkmen identity has a global character. With this feature, Turkmens are considered as the descendants of a generation that established great states in history. In addition to political and military developments in Turkish history, the textbooks also include elements of culture and civilisation. In Turkmenistan history textbooks, the National Struggle, the republic and some revolutions in the first years of the republic were also mentioned. Atatürk was given a special place and his role and importance in history was emphasised. It is noticeable that Turkmenistan's relations with modern Turkey have been covered on the axis of domestic and foreign policy. In this context, the focus is on Turkish domestic politics, political developments and elections, starting from the Turgut Özal era and continuing with the AK Party era. In foreign policy, Turkey's situation during the Cold War period and NATO are mentioned, and information about Turkey's foreign policy on the east-west and regional axis until the beginning of the 21st century is given. At the end of the Turkey chapter in Turkmenistan history textbooks, Turkmenistan-Turkey relations are emphasised. It is noteworthy that this information presented in Turkmenistan history textbooks constitutes an opportunity for the preparation of common history education and history textbooks of the Turkic world. Keywords: Turkey, Turkmenistan, Oghuzs, history education, textbooks.
In this study, it is aimed to reveal the view of Turkish history in Turkmenistan and Turkmenistan-Turkey relations through textbooks. In the study, historical research, one of the qualitative research methods, was used. The main data of the study consist of the history textbooks currently taught in the Turkmenistan education system from the fifth to the eleventh grades. In this context, ten different textbooks were analysed in line with the purpose of the study and the relevant parts written in Turkmenistan Turkish were transferred to today's Turkish. Subsequently, the data obtained were categorised and evaluated under the headings of Turkish History and Republic of Turkey. When the findings of the research are analysed, it is seen that history education in Turkmenistan is presented with a national narrative and Turkish history in Turkmen history textbooks is evaluated on the axis of Turkmen national history. As a matter of fact, in this narrative, which starts with the Oghuz Turkmen State and continues in the direction of Gokturk-Karahanli-Gazneli-Seljuk-Ottoman states Turkmen identity has a global character. With this feature, Turkmens are considered as the descendants of a generation that established great states in history. In addition to political and military developments in Turkish history, the textbooks also include elements of culture and civilisation. In Turkmenistan history textbooks, the National Struggle, the republic and some revolutions in the first years of the republic were also mentioned. Atatürk was given a special place and his role and importance in history was emphasised. It is noticeable that Turkmenistan's relations with modern Turkey have been covered on the axis of domestic and foreign policy. In this context, the focus is on Turkish domestic politics, political developments and elections, starting from the Turgut Özal era and continuing with the AK Party era. In foreign policy, Turkey's situation during the Cold War period and NATO are mentioned, and information about Turkey's foreign policy on the east-west and regional axis until the beginning of the 21st century is given. At the end of the Turkey chapter in Turkmenistan history textbooks, Turkmenistan-Turkey relations are emphasised. It is noteworthy that this information presented in Turkmenistan history textbooks constitutes an opportunity for the preparation of common history education and history textbooks of the Turkic world. Keywords: Turkey, Turkmenistan, Oghuzs, history education, textbooks.
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VURGUN A., Hojayeva A., "Türkmenistan Tarih Ders Kitaplarında Türkler ve Türkiye Cumhuriyeti", THE JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES INSTITUTE, sa.64, ss.46-57, 2024
