Publication: Ömerli baraj gölü su kalitesinin araştırılması
Abstract
ÖMERLİ BARAJ GÖLÜ SU KALİTESİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI 23,1 km2’lik alan, 100 km çevre uzunluğu ve 2,2×106 m3 su tutma kapasitesine sahip, Marmara Bölgesi’nin en önemli içme suyu kaynaklarından biri olan Ömerli Barajı, su kalitesinin belirlenmesi amacıyla Mayıs 2002-Nisan 2003 dönemine ait verilerin bir su kalitesi programında (Aquatox) kullanılması yoluyla incelenmiştir. Bu programa parametrelere ait değerlerin yüklenmesi ile su kalitesindeki değişimler saptanmıştır. Bu parametreler; amonyum azotu (NH4-N), nitrat azotu (NO3-N), orto-fosfat (o-PO4), ışık şiddeti, çözünmüş oksijen, sıcaklık, pH, hidrolik yük (derelerden gelen su yükü) ve rüzgar hızıdır. Alg türleri ise, Mayıs 2002’ye ait ortalama bir değer alınarak modelde kullanılmıştır. Modelleme sonucunda, derelerden gelen kirletici yükleriyle birlikte göldeki mevcut durumun ne yönde değiştiği saptanmıştır. Göle gelen bu yüklerin oluşturacağı etkiyi saptamak amacıyla göl üzerinde belirlenen 6 örnekleme noktasında üst tabakadan (5m) alınan su numunelerine ait analiz sonuçları programda kullanılmıştır. Modelleme 3 değişik durum (senaryo) için gerçekleştirilmiştir. 1. Karasal yükler göz önünde bulundurularak, 2. Karasal yüklerin ihmal edilmesi durumunda, 3. Sadece Paşaköy Arıtma Tesisi çıkış sularının göle girişinin ihmal edilmesi durumunda, modelin çalıştırılması sağlanmıştır. Birinci durumda genel olarak, ölçüm sonuçları ve model sonuçları arasında bir uyum görülmüştür. İstasyonların tamamında Kasım, Aralık ve Ocak aylarında fitoplankton türlerinde bir artış gözlenmiştir. İkinci durumda, göle girişi olan bütün karasal kaynaklar ihmal edilerek, Mayıs 2002’ye ait aylık ortalama değerler programa girdi olarak verilmiştir. Besin elementleri ve alg türlerinde genel bir azalma olduğu gözlenmiştir. Üçüncü durumda, Paşaköy Arıtma Tesisi’nden göle olan deşarjın kesilmesiyle, göl su kalitesinde az da olsa iyileşme olduğu görülmüştür. Bu durum, tesisten gelen yüklerden çok, karasal kaynak olarak tanımlanan derelerden gelen yüklerin gölde daha etkili olduğunu göstermiştir.
INVESTIGATION OF WATER QUALITY OF ÖMERLİ LAKE One of the most important sources of drinking water in Marmara Region is Ömerli Reservoir. It has a surface area of 23,1 km2 and volume of 2,2×106 m3 was investigated to define water quality characteristics by using the data obtained between May 2002-April 2003 in a water quality model (Aquatox). Variations in the water quality were calculated in the programme along with the values of parameters. Parameters were; ammonia nitrogen (NH4-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N), ortho-phosphorus (o-PO4), light intensity, dissolved oxygen, temperature, pH, waste loadings and wind velocity. The values of algal species used in the model were obtained from literature. The model determined the changes of actual conditions of the lake together with the loadings. The results of analysis related with water quality were collected at six sampling points from surface layer (5m) on the lake. The model was run for the three scenarios: 1. In case of land based loadings are considered, 2. In case of land based loadings are omitted, 3. In case of only Paşaköy discharge water is omitted. In first scenario, generally, a consistency was seen between measurement results and model results. At all stations, a phytoplankton peak value was predicted within three months as November, December 2002 and January 2003. In the second scenario, all terrestrial loadings were omitted. Average values that collected on May 2002 were used as initial conditions in the programme. A decrease in the concentrations of nutrients and algae species was obtained from calculation. In the third scenario, a small improvement on the water quality of the lake was seen along with discharge of Paşaköy Treatment Plant was stopped. The results of the third scenario showed that land based loadings were more affected on the water quality characteristics of the lake.
INVESTIGATION OF WATER QUALITY OF ÖMERLİ LAKE One of the most important sources of drinking water in Marmara Region is Ömerli Reservoir. It has a surface area of 23,1 km2 and volume of 2,2×106 m3 was investigated to define water quality characteristics by using the data obtained between May 2002-April 2003 in a water quality model (Aquatox). Variations in the water quality were calculated in the programme along with the values of parameters. Parameters were; ammonia nitrogen (NH4-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N), ortho-phosphorus (o-PO4), light intensity, dissolved oxygen, temperature, pH, waste loadings and wind velocity. The values of algal species used in the model were obtained from literature. The model determined the changes of actual conditions of the lake together with the loadings. The results of analysis related with water quality were collected at six sampling points from surface layer (5m) on the lake. The model was run for the three scenarios: 1. In case of land based loadings are considered, 2. In case of land based loadings are omitted, 3. In case of only Paşaköy discharge water is omitted. In first scenario, generally, a consistency was seen between measurement results and model results. At all stations, a phytoplankton peak value was predicted within three months as November, December 2002 and January 2003. In the second scenario, all terrestrial loadings were omitted. Average values that collected on May 2002 were used as initial conditions in the programme. A decrease in the concentrations of nutrients and algae species was obtained from calculation. In the third scenario, a small improvement on the water quality of the lake was seen along with discharge of Paşaköy Treatment Plant was stopped. The results of the third scenario showed that land based loadings were more affected on the water quality characteristics of the lake.